深层页岩气源储耦合机理研究——以川南地区X井为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2020.05.003

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (5): 20-27.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2020.05.003

深层页岩气源储耦合机理研究——以川南地区X井为例

杨振恒^1,^2,^3,⁴(),胡宗全⁵,熊亮⁶,丁江辉^1,^2,^3,⁴,申宝剑^1,^2,^3,⁴,史洪亮⁶,卢龙飞^1,^2,^3,⁴,魏力民⁶,李志明^1,^2,^3,⁴

1.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所,江苏无锡 214126
2.中国石化油气成藏重点实验室,江苏无锡 214126
3.页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室,江苏无锡 214126
4.国家能源页岩油研发中心,江苏无锡 214126
5.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
6.中国石化西南油气分公司,四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2019-10-24 出版日期:2020-10-26 发布日期:2020-09-24
作者简介:杨振恒（1979 —）,男,硕士,高级工程师,从事非常规油气研究工作。地址：江苏省无锡市蠡湖大道2060号无锡石油地质研究所,邮政编码：214126。E-mail: yangzh. syky@sinopec.com
基金资助:
中国石化科技部项目“深层页岩气综合评价及开发技术政策”(P18058-1);国家自然科学基金项目“复杂构造—成岩背景下海相页岩有机孔隙演化与晚期差异保存研究”(41972164)

Gas storage characteristics and coupling characteristics of deep shale gas: a case study of well-X in southern Sichuan basin, China

YANG Zhenheng^1,^2,^3,⁴(),HU Zongquan⁵,XIONG Liang⁶,DING Jianghui^1,^2,^3,⁴,SHEN Baojian^1,^2,^3,⁴,SHI Hongliang⁶,LU Longfei^1,^2,^3,⁴,WEI Limin⁶,LI Zhiming^1,^2,^3,⁴

1. Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Sinopec RIPEP, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Sinopec, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4. State energy Center for Shale Oil Research and Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
5. Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
6. Sinopec Southwest Oil and Gas Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China

Received:2019-10-24 Online:2020-10-26 Published:2020-09-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以中国石化川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组典型取心井X井为例,基于岩心观察、地化分析、X衍射、物性测试、氩离子抛光—扫描电镜、生烃模拟等多种测试手段,运用“源储耦合”研究思路,分析了取心段作为“源”的属性和作为“储”的属性特征,并探讨“源储耦合”特征。研究表明,川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组底部页岩干酪根类型为腐泥型,富含有机质,处于高—过成熟演化阶段,以生成干气为主;基质孔隙度平均为6.5 %,其中以无机孔为主,无机孔隙类型主要以粒间孔、黏土矿物孔、长石蚀变孔、黄铁矿晶间孔为主;地层温压条件下平均吸附气含量为0.9 m³/t;渗透率平均为0.38×10^-3 μm²,属于超低渗透储层。整体而言,X井在五峰—龙马溪组底部“源”优质,生气量大,现今滞留气量仅为生气量的54.8 %;在储集空间类型方面,以无机孔为主,同时,有机孔大量发育,在赋存方式上以游离气为主;富有机质页岩段发育的纹层增加了储层的渗透性,同时,生物成因的硅质矿物增加了储层的脆性,易于压裂造缝。因此,五峰—龙马溪组底部富有机质页岩段整体为最佳的“源储耦合”层段,是页岩气勘探开发的主要层段和水平井轨迹的关键目标层。

关键词: 五峰组—龙马溪组页岩, 源储耦合, 川南, 深层, 赋存, 含气量

Abstract:

Taking well-X, a typical core well of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Southern Sichuan Basin, as an example, based on core observation, geochemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, physical properties testing, argon ion polishing SEM, hydrocarbon generation simulation and other testing methods, and by using the research idea of “source-storage coupling”, the properties of the core segment as the “source” and the “storage” respectively are analyzed, and the mechanism of “source-storage coupling” is further discussed. The research results show that the bottom shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation is characterized by sapmpelic kerogen, abundant organic matter, and high degree of thermal evolution, in which dry gas mainly generate. The average porosity of matrix is 6.5 %, mainly are inorganic pores. The inorganic pore types are mainly intergranular pore, clay mineral pore, feldspar alteration pore and pyrite intergranular pore. The average amount of adsorbed gas under formation temperature and pressure conditions is 0.9 m³/t. The average permeability is 0.38×10^-3 μm², which means it belongs to an ultra-low permeability reservoir. Generally speaking, the well-X has sufficient “source” at the bottom of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation with large amount of generated gas. The current stagnant gas volume is only about 54.8 % of the amount of generated gas, and the matrix pores are mainly inorganic pores. Meanwhile, organic pores are an important supplement. Free gas is the main body. The development of organic-rich shale section improves the permeability of the reservoir. At the same time, the biogenic siliceous minerals enhance the brittleness of the reservoir and make the reservoir easy to be fractured. Therefore, the organic-rich shale section is the best source-storage coupling interval, and also is the main interval of shale gas exploration and development and the key target layer of a horizontal well.

Key words: shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, source-storage coupling, Southern Sichuan Basin, deep layer, occurrence, gas content

中图分类号:

TE122

杨振恒,胡宗全,熊亮,丁江辉,申宝剑,史洪亮,卢龙飞,魏力民,李志明. 深层页岩气源储耦合机理研究——以川南地区X井为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2020, 10(5): 20-27.

YANG Zhenheng,HU Zongquan,XIONG Liang,DING Jianghui,SHEN Baojian,SHI Hongliang,LU Longfei,WEI Limin,LI Zhiming. Gas storage characteristics and coupling characteristics of deep shale gas: a case study of well-X in southern Sichuan basin, China[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(5): 20-27.

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小层	样品个数/个	温度/ ℃	兰氏体积V_L/ （m³·t^-1）		换算地层吸附气量/（m³·t^-1）
小层	样品个数/个	温度/ ℃	范围	平均值	范围	平均值
①—⑨	61	110	0.05~5.08	1.91	0.02~2.51	0.95
⑤—⑨	20	110	0.05~1.37	0.69	0.02~0.77	0.35
①—④	41	110	1.20~5.08	2.50	0.57~2.51	1.25

小层	样品个数/ 个	渗透率/10^-3μm²		BRIT/%
小层	样品个数/ 个	范围	平均值	范围	平均值
①—⑨	52	0.000 1~128.00	4.64	34~81	54.2
⑤—⑨	17	0.000 1~ 2.12	0.38	34~52	34.3
①—④	35	0.000 4~128.00	6.71	38~81	59.5

样品	TOC	R_o	有机质类型	黏土	石英	长石	碳酸盐岩矿物	黄铁矿
广元大隆组页岩样	9.62	0.64	Ⅱ₁	29.0	36.0	2.0	28.0	4.0
X井五峰—龙马溪底部优质页岩	0.06~6.04	2.10~2.20	Ⅰ	（15.1~61.0）/32.8	（18.0~69.2）/36.9	（0.1~10.2）/3.1	（2.0~29.6）/24.0	（1.0~7.3）/3.2

小层	总孔隙度	无机孔孔隙度	无机孔占比	有机孔孔隙度	有机孔占比
①—⑨	6.5	4.8	75.0	1.7	25.0
⑤—⑨	5.3	4.7	89.9	0.6	10.1
①—④	7.1	4.9	67.8	2.2	32.2

小层	总含气量/（m³·t^-1）	游离气量/（m³·t^-1）	游离气占比/%	吸附气量/（m³·t^-1）	吸附气占比/%
①—⑨	5.8	4.8	82.8	1.0	17.2
⑤—⑨	3.8	3.4	89.5	0.4	10.5
①—④	6.8	5.5	80.9	1.3	19.1

深层页岩气源储耦合机理研究——以川南地区X井为例

Gas storage characteristics and coupling characteristics of deep shale gas: a case study of well-X in southern Sichuan basin, China

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