苏北盆地溱潼凹陷三维地震勘探进展及下步攻关方向

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2023.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

苏北盆地溱潼凹陷油气成藏层系多、资源丰度高、勘探潜力大，但地质目标具有“薄、碎、小、散、隐”的复杂特点。1989年以来，在该区开展了一系列地震技术攻关，从常规三维发展到了二次采集高精度三维，建立了“全数字检波器单点宽频接收、中等面元网格、较高覆盖次数”采集方法，以连片处理、提高信噪比处理、提高分辨率处理、构造约束网格层析速度建模与逆时叠前深度偏移成像等为主的处理技术体系，以自然电位—波形指示模拟为核心的薄层砂岩预测技术，支撑了溱潼凹陷从简单构造油藏到复杂小断块油藏，再到构造-岩性复杂隐蔽油藏勘探的转变。分析认为，多期次采集数据差异大、原始资料频带窄、波场采样密度低等因素限制了高信噪比、高分辨率及保幅处理的效果，下一步攻关方向应开展无线节点仪单点宽频接收、单点宽频激发以及小面元、高炮道密度、宽方位地震采集，保幅量化质量控制、宽频全方位处理和五维解释、深度域解释等，以进一步解决复杂隐蔽油藏的地震勘探难题。

关键词: 溱潼凹陷, 复杂隐蔽油藏, 高精度三维地震, 保幅处理, 提高分辨率, 储层反演

Abstract:

Qintong Sag of Subei Basin has high abundance of oil and gas resources and great exploration potential, but the geological target has the complex characteristics of “thin, broken, small, scattered and hidden”. Since 1989, there is a series of seismic technical breakthroughs in this area. From conventional 3D to high-precision 3D for secondary acquisition, the acquisition method of “single point broadband receiving with digital geophone, medium surface element grid and high coverage times” is established, a series of processing technologies have been formed, such as sequential processing, improved SNR processing, improved resolution processing, structural-constrained mesh tomographic velocity modeling and reverse-time prestack depth migration imaging, etc., as well as the thin-bedded sandstone prediction technology with the waveform indication inversion of SP sensitive curves. Technological progress has promoted the transformation from simple structural reservoir to complex small fault block reservoir, and then to complex structure-lithology subtle reservoir exploration in Qintong Sag. The analysis shows that the high SNR, high resolution and amplitude-preserving processing effect are limited by the large difference of multi-phase data collection, narrow frequency band of original data and low sampling density of wave field. In order to solve the further problems of the complex subtle reservoir seismic exploration, wireless single-point receiving, single-point broadband excitation, small surface element, high coverage density, wide azimuth seismic acquisition, amplitude quantization quality control, broadband omni-directional processing and five-dimensional interpretation should be explored.

Key words: Qintong Sag, complex subtle reservoir, high precision 3D seismic, amplitude preserving processing, improved resolution processing, reservoir inversion

中图分类号:

P631

刘明,薛野,刘田田,赵苏城,蓝加达,史梦君,杨帆. 苏北盆地溱潼凹陷三维地震勘探进展及下步攻关方向[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(2): 163-172.

LIU Ming,XUE Ye,LIU Tiantian,ZHAO Sucheng,LAN Jiada,SHI Mengjun,YANG Fan. Progress and direction of 3D seismic exploration in Qintong Sag of Subei Basin[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(2): 163-172.

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三维名称	年度	观测系统	接收道数（道）	道距（m）	线距（m）	炮点距（m）	炮线距（m）	排列长度（m）	束间滚动距（m）	横纵比	面元	覆盖次数（次）	炮道密度（万道/km²）
草舍—台兴	2007	12L36S144T	1 728	50	300	50	450	3 575	1 800	0.71	25 m×25 m	48	7.7
祝庄—边城	2008	12L18S196T	2 352	40	240	40	280	3 900	720	0.42	20 m ×20 m	84	21.0
帅垛—唐刘	2012	12L18S196T	2 352	40	240	40	280	3 900	720	0.42	20 m ×20 m	84	21.0
华庄	2013	16L5S364T	5 824	20	200	40	280	3 630	200	0.44	10 m×20 m	104	52.0
广山	2013	16L5S364T	5 824	20	200	40	280	3 630	200	0.44	10 m×20 m	104	52.0
兴旺	2014	16L5S364T	5 824	20	200	40	280	3 630	200	0.44	10 m×20 m	104	52.0
青蒲	2016	20L6S432T	8 640	20	240	40	240	4 310	240	0.56	10 m×20 m	180	90.0