自悬浮支撑剂清水携砂压裂增产机理研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.03.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自悬浮支撑剂作为一种压裂用新型支撑剂,目前国内外相关文献报道的内容主要是室内性能评价及矿场试验情况,而对其增产机理几乎未见公开报道。通过自悬浮支撑剂悬浮性能理论分析,对其覆膜的溶解、溶胀性进行评价;采用物理模拟与数值模拟的方法研究其混砂液动态流动规律,评价其导流能力并进行了影响因素分析。研究结果表明：骨料密度、溶胀倍数、水化后液体黏度是影响自悬浮支撑剂沉降速度、实现自悬浮的主要因素;相对于普通支撑剂,自悬浮支撑剂的铺置距离更远、纵向铺置更均匀,有利于提升压裂裂缝的导流能力。现场在苏北的溱潼凹陷试验了两井次,相较同区块的常规压裂井日产油量增加2倍以上,表明自悬浮支撑清水携砂压裂能有效提高压裂井的产能。

关键词: 增产机理, 导流能力, 物理模拟, 数值模拟, 自悬浮支撑剂

Abstract:

At present, the research at home and abroad of self-suspension proppant, a new type of proppant, is mainly focus on indoor preparation and field application, but the study of its stimulation mechanism is less. In this paper, the solubility and swelling of self suspension proppant have been evaluated by the theoretical analysis of its suspension performance. Based on the physical simulation and numerical simulation, the dynamic flow mechanism of fluid mixed with sand has been studied, its flow conductivity has been evaluated and the influencing factors have been analyzed. The results show that the density of aggregate, multiple of swelling and viscosity of liquid after hydration are the main factors that affect the settling speed and the realization of self-suspension. Compared with the ordinary proppant, it has longer laying distance and more balanced longitudinal laying mode, and is beneficial to improve the conductivity of fracturing fractures. It has been applied in Qintong sag in Subei Basin twice. Compared with that of conventional guar gum fracturing, the daily production of single well can be increased by more than two times, which shows that the self suspension proppant in sand-carrying fracturing by water can effectively improve the productivity of the fractured wells.

Key words: stimulation mechanism, flow conductivity, physical simulation, numerical simulation, self-suspension proppant

中图分类号:

TE355

黄博,雷林,汤文佳,徐宁蔚,熊炜. 自悬浮支撑剂清水携砂压裂增产机理研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 459-464.

HUANG Bo,LEI Lin,TANG Wenjia,XU Ningwei,XIONG Wei. Stimulation mechanism of self suspension proppant in sand-carrying fracturing by water[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(3): 459-464.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

表1

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

两组模拟方案详细参数设置"

支撑剂类型	$ρ l$ (kg/m³)	$ρ s$ (kg/m³)	$η$ ( mPa·s)	$d s$ (μm)	$α s$ (%)	$v I$ (m/s)	$v s$ (m/s)
自悬浮支撑剂	1 000	1 200	60	585	13.7	1	1
普通支撑剂	1 000	2 050	27	605	11.1	1	1

表2

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

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支撑剂样品号	内核直径（mm）	水化层直径（mm）	水化层与内核直径比
a	0.79	0.98	1.241
b	0.89	1.54	1.571
c	0.99	1.46	1.475
d	1.17	1.60	1.368