威荣深层页岩气水平井压裂套变原因分析

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.02.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对四川盆地威荣页岩气开发过程中出现的套管变形问题,统计分析了套管变形特征,利用有限元分析方法对3种套变形态进行载荷和变形量分析,探讨了威荣页岩气套管变形类型;采用理论分析、有限元模拟、等效试验评价等方法,对钻完井工程涉及的井身全角变化率、固井质量、井筒温压变化、瞬时停泵等工程参数开展了量化分析,得到了不同工程因素对套管强度减弱的影响,表明工程因素不是套管变形的主要因素;通过开展改造过程中地层各向异性、井筒温度压力耦合、储层岩性界面影响等综合因素分析,认为工程条件下套管强度减弱,压裂改造过程中地层薄弱面滑移或储层对套管产生非均布挤压载荷导致套管应力集中而变形,其相关认识为制定威荣页岩气套变防控措施提供了借鉴。

关键词: 页岩气, 套管变形, 固井质量, 体积压裂, 剪切变形, 挤压变形

Abstract:

Casing deformation occurs frequently during the development of the Weirong Shale Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin. In order to solve this problem, analysis on load and deformation degree of three casing deformation has been carried out by finite element method to discuss the deformation type. Meanwhile, by means of theoretical analysis, finite element simulation and equivalent test evaluation, the quantitative analysis is carried out on the parameters such as the overall angle change rate, cementing quality, wellbore temperature-pressure change and instantaneous stop pump. The influence of different engineering factors on casing strength weakening shows that the engineering factors are not the main factors of casing deformation. According to the analysis of comprehensive factors in the transformation process such as formation anisotropy, wellbore temperature-pressure coupling and reservoir lithologic interface, it is considered that the casing strength decreases under engineering conditions, while in the process of fracturing, the slip of weak strata or the non-uniform compression load of reservoir on casing leads to casing stress concentration and deformation. The relevant understanding provides a reference for the formulation of casing deformation prevention and control measures of Weirong Shale Gas Field.

Key words: shale gas, casing deformation, cementing quality, volume fracturing, shear deformation, extrusion deformation

中图分类号:

TE37

乔智国,叶翠莲. 威荣深层页岩气水平井压裂套变原因分析[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(2): 223-229.

QIAO Zhiguo,YE Cuilian. Cause analysis of casing deformation in fracturing of horizontal wells in Weirong deep shale gas field[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(2): 223-229.

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载荷（t）	139.7 mm×10.54 mm125 V变形量（mm）	139.7 mm×12.70 mm125 V 变形量（mm）
100	7.5	5.9
300	22.6	17.9
505	39.0	30.0

载荷（t）	139.7 mm×10.54 mm125 V 变形量（mm）	139.7 mm×12.70 mm125 V变形量（mm）
100	9	6.5
300	27	19.5
450	39	29.4

井号	施工段	遇阻情况
WY1-1HF	第7段	109.5 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,有对称卡痕
	第11~13段	99.95 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,洗井后,再次泵送遇阻,检查桥塞启动有明显划痕
	第14段	遇阻后连油下95 mm铅印,单侧压痕明显,后连油射孔压裂
WY3-1HF	第3段	103.2 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,无明显压痕
	第13段	95 mm全可溶桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,有对称划痕
	第19段	泵送95 mm全可溶桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,无明显划痕
WY9-1HF	第16段	103.2 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,有对称刮痕
WY9-1HF	第18~19段	103.2 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,单侧明显划痕
WY5-1HF	第7~8段	100 mm桥塞+射孔枪遇阻,有对称划痕
WY5-1HF	第9~12段	100 mm桥塞遇阻,单侧明显划痕;连油下95 mm通井规单侧明显划痕

套管规格（mm）	钢级	壁厚（mm）	抗外挤强度（MPa）
套管规格（mm）	钢级	壁厚（mm）	API 理论值	偏心70 %+ 水泥环缺失20°	偏心40 %+ 水泥环缺失20°
?139.7	125V	12.70	156.7	152.6	150.3
?139.7	125V	10.54	120.2	117.0	115.3

套管规格（mm）	壁厚（mm）	抗外挤强度（MPa）					地层破裂压力（MPa）	套管内压力（MPa）	抗外挤安全系数
套管规格（mm）	壁厚（mm）	API 理论值	偏心40 %+ 水泥环缺失20°	温度降影响为90 ℃时	井身全角变化率为10°/30 m时	瞬时停泵27 s	地层破裂压力（MPa）	套管内压力（MPa）	抗外挤安全系数
?139.7	12.70	156.7	150.3	124.3	120.7	110.7	120	100	6.5
?139.7	10.54	120.2	115.3	90.3	86.7	76.6	120	100	4.5