多尺度离散裂缝三维精细地质建模及地热资源评价研究——以渤海湾盆地献县地热田为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024622

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (6): 1104-1111.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024622

多尺度离散裂缝三维精细地质建模及地热资源评价研究——以渤海湾盆地献县地热田为例

任小庆¹^,²(), 高小荣²(), 王红亮¹, 刘健²^,³, 孙彩霞², 卢星辰², 孙致学⁴

1.中国地质大学（北京）能源学院，北京 100083
2.中石化绿源地热能开发有限公司，河北雄安 071800
3.中国地质大学（武汉），湖北武汉 430074
4.中国石油大学（华东），山东青岛 266580

收稿日期:2024-12-23 发布日期:2025-10-24 出版日期:2025-12-26
通讯作者: 高小荣（1976—）男，本科，正高级工程师，主要从事地热能开发利用研究工作。地址：河北省保定市雄县雄州路746号，邮政编码：071800。E-mail： gaoxiaorong.xxsy@sinopec.com
作者简介:任小庆（1980—）男，在读博士研究生，高级工程师，主要从事地热勘探开发和地热尾水回灌工作。地址：河北省保定市雄县雄州路746号，邮政编码：071800。E-mail： renxiaoqing.xxsy@sinopec.com
基金资助:
中石化绿源地热能开发有限公司科技项目“河北献县地热田热储地质建模及资源潜力评价”(10500100-23-ZC0607-0006)

Research on multi-scale discrete fracture 3D refined geological modeling and geothermal resource evaluation: A case study of Xianxian County geothermal field, Bohai Bay Basin

REN Xiaoqing¹^,²(), GAO Xiaorong²(), WANG Hongliang¹, LIU Jian²^,³, SUN Caixia², LU Xingchen², SUN Zhixue⁴

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Sinopec Green Energy Geothermal Development Co. , Ltd. , Xiong’an New Area, Hebei 071800, China
3. China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
4. China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China

Received:2024-12-23 Online:2025-10-24 Published:2025-12-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

渤海湾盆地献县地热田开发程度较高，为精细构建地热田模型及评价地热资源提供了数据支撑。献县地热田在构造上属于渤海湾盆地沧县隆起献县凸起，凸起东侧为阜城凹陷，西侧为饶阳凹陷。研究区内主要发育孔隙型砂岩热储与岩溶性灰岩热储2类热储，以蓟县系雾迷山组灰岩热储为研究对象，采用多尺度离散裂缝三维精细地质建模方法，开展献县地热田地热资源评价。献县地热田地质构造模型采用确定性与随机建模相结合的方法构建，模型网格步长设定为25 m× 25 m，纵向上模拟300个层段（单层厚度1 m），总网格数为2 333.06×10⁴个。在测井二次解释结果约束下，建立雾迷山组岩相、物性及温度场地质模型。模型分析表明，献县地热田热储资源分布走向与献县凸起构造形态呈一定正相关关系：埋藏深度越浅，地热资源条件越好，并与已有井成井参数对比验证，模型适配性较好。采用基于精细热储地质模型的体积法评价区域内地热资源量，结果显示：献县地热田蓟县系雾迷山组热储存总量为2.881×10¹⁶ kJ，折合标准煤9.841×10⁸ t，总可回收热量为0.432×10¹⁶ kJ；热水体积为35.75×10⁸ m³，热水含热量0.105 ×10¹⁶ kJ，折合标准煤0.359×10⁸ t。上述结果证实献县地热田地热资源潜力巨大，该模型为后续开发工作提供了技术支撑与依据。

关键词: 渤海湾盆地, 献县地热田, 多尺度离散裂缝, 地质建模, 地热资源评价

Abstract:

The Xianxian County geothermal field in the Bohai Bay Basin is highly developed, providing data support for the refined construction of geothermal field models and the evaluation of geothermal resources. Structurally, the Xianxian geothermal field belongs to the Xianxian County Uplift of the Cangxian County Uplift in the Bohai Bay Basin, with the Fucheng Depression to the east and the Raoyang Depression to the west. The main thermal reservoirs developed in the study area are porous sandstone thermal reservoirs and karst limestone thermal reservoirs. Taking the Wumishan Formation limestone thermal reservoir of the Jixian System as the research object, a multi-scale discrete fracture three-dimensional refined geological modeling method was employed to evaluate the geothermal resources of the Xianxian County geothermal field. The geological structure model of the Xianxian County geothermal field was constructed using deterministic and stochastic modeling methods. The model mesh was set with a step size of 25 m × 25 m, and 300 layers were simulated vertically, with a single layer thickness of 1 m and a total mesh number of 2 333.06 × 10⁴. Under the constraints of the secondary interpretation results of well logging, a geological model of lithofacies, physical properties, and temperature fields of the Wumishan Formation was established. The model analysis showed that the distribution trend of thermal reservoir resources in the Xianxian County geothermal field was positively correlated with the structural morphology of the Xianxian County Uplift. The shallower the burial depth, the better the geothermal resource conditions. Comparison with existing well completion parameter data further validated the model, indicating good adaptability. A volumetric method based on the refined thermal reservoir geological model was employed to evaluate the geothermal resources in the region. The results showed that the total thermal reservoir capacity of the Wumishan Formation in the Jixian System of Xianxian County geothermal field was 2.881 × 10¹⁶ kJ, equivalent to 9.841 × 10⁸ t of standard coal, with a total recoverable heat of 0.432 × 10¹⁶ kJ. The hot water volume was 35.75 × 10⁸ m³, and the heat content in the hot water was 0.105 × 10¹⁶ kJ, equivalent to 0.359 × 10⁸ t of standard coal. These findings confirm the huge potential of geothermal resources in the Xianxian County geothermal field, and the proposed model provides technical support and basis for the subsequent development in the Xianxian County geothermal field.

Key words: Bohai Bay Basin, Xianxian County geothermal field, multi-scale discrete fracture, geological modeling, geothermal resource evaluation

中图分类号:

TE132

任小庆,高小荣,王红亮, 等. 多尺度离散裂缝三维精细地质建模及地热资源评价研究——以渤海湾盆地献县地热田为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(6): 1104-1111.

REN Xiaoqing,GAO Xiaorong,WANG Hongliang, et al. Research on multi-scale discrete fracture 3D refined geological modeling and geothermal resource evaluation: A case study of Xianxian County geothermal field, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(6): 1104-1111.

图/表 13

表1

图1

表2

表3

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表4

表5

渤海湾盆地献县地热田岩石物性参数特征值"

热储	岩石密度特征值 $ρ r$ /(kg/m³)			岩石比热特征值 $c r$ /[kJ/(g·℃)]			岩石孔隙度特征值φ/%
热储	最小值	最大值	最可能值	最小值	最大值	最可能值	最小值	最大值	最可能值
雾迷山组	2 702.0	3 060.0	2 881.0	0.86	1.02	0.94	1.00	32.91	13.5

表5

表6

参考文献 29

[1]	王君珂. 献县地热田地热控热因素及资源潜力分析[D]. 石家庄: 河北地质大学, 2019.
	WANG Junke. Analysis on thermal control factors and resource potential of geothermal fields in Xianxian county[D]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei GEO University, 2019.
[2]	马峰, 王贵玲, 张薇, 等. 雄安新区容城地热田热储空间结构及资源潜力[J]. 地质学报, 2020, 94(7): 1981-1990.
	MA Feng, WANG Guiling, ZHANG Wei, et al. Structure of geothermal reservoirs and resource potential in the Rongcheng geothermal field in Xiong’an New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7): 1981-1990.
[3]	丛淑飞, 周宏, 赵艳, 等. 大民屯凹陷沈水501中深层地热田三维地质建模技术研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(6): 741-748.
	CONG Shufei, ZHOU Hong, ZHAO Yan, et al. 3D geological modeling technology of medium-deep geothermal field in Shenshui 501 geothermal field in Damintun Sag[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(6): 741-748.
[4]	SEYEDRAHIMI-NIARAQ M, DOULATI ARDEJANI F, NOOROLLAHI Y, et al. A three-dimensional numerical model to simulate Iranian NW Sabalan geothermal system[J]. Geothermics, 2019, 77: 42-61.
[5]	FLORIDIA G, CACACE M, SCHECK-WENDEROTH M, et al. 3D thermal model of Sicily (Southern Italy) and perspectives for new exploration campaigns for geothermal resources[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2022, 218: 103976.
[6]	ABOUD E, ABRAHAM E, ALQAHTANI F, et al. High potential geothermal areas within the Rahat volcanic field, Saudi Arabia, from gravity data and 3D geological modeling[J]. Acta Geophysica, 2024, 72(3): 1713-1729.
[7]	TIAN X M, VOLKOV O, VOSKOV D. An advanced inverse modeling framework for efficient and flexible adjoint-based history matching of geothermal fields[J]. Geothermics, 2024, 116: 102849.
[8]	盖长城, 李洪达, 任路, 等. 地热数值模拟与油藏数值模拟方法对比分析[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(6): 849-856.
	GAI Changcheng, LI Hongda, REN Lu, et al. Comparative analysis of geothermal and reservoir numerical simulation methods[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(6): 849-856.
[9]	朱红光, 易成, 谢和平, 等. 基于立方定律的岩体裂隙非线性流动几何模型[J]. 煤炭学报, 2016, 41(4): 822-828.
	ZHU Hongguang, YI Cheng, XIE Heping, et al. A new geometric model for non-linear flow in rough-walled fractures based on the cubic law[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2016, 41(4): 822-828.
[10]	许光祥, 张永兴, 哈秋舲. 粗糙裂隙渗流的超立方和次立方定律及其试验研究[J]. 水利学报, 2003, 34(3): 74-79.
	XU Guangxiang, ZHANG Yongxing, Qiuling HA. Super-cubic and sub-cubic law of rough fracture seepage and its experiments study[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2003, 34(3): 74-79.
[11]	高瑜, 叶咸, 夏强. 基于等效连续介质模型的单裂隙渗流数值模拟研究[J]. 地下水, 2016, 38(5): 40-43.
	GAO Yu, YE Xian, XIA Qiang. Study on numerical simulation of single fracture seepage based on equivalent continuum model[J]. Ground Water, 2016, 38(5): 40-43.
[12]	单丹丹, 闫铁, 李玮, 等. 单裂隙热储热流耦合数值模拟分析[J]. 当代化工, 2020, 49(4): 716-719.
	SHAN Dandan, YAN Tie, LI Wei, et al. Numerical simulation and analysis of thermal-hydraulic coupling in a single-fracture thermal reservoir[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry, 2020, 49(4): 716-719.
[13]	张树光, 李志建, 徐义洪, 等. 裂隙岩体流-热耦合传热的三维数值模拟分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2011, 32(8): 2507-2511.
	ZHANG Shuguang, LI Zhijian, XU Yihong, et al. Three-dimensional numerical simulation and analysis of fluid-heat coupling heat-transfer in fractured rock mass[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011, 32(8): 2507-2511.
[14]	柯婷婷, 黄少鹏, 许威, 等. 关中盆地沣西地区地热对井采灌开发模式的数值模拟[J]. 第四纪研究, 2019, 39(5): 1252-1263.
	KE Tingting, HUANG Shaopeng, XU Wei, et al. Numerical modeling of doublet well system for extracting heat from sandstone geothermal reservoir: A case study of Fengxi area, the Guanzhong Basin, NW China[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2019, 39(5): 1252-1263.
[15]	杜广林, 周维垣, 赵吉东. 裂隙介质中的多重裂隙网络渗流模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2000, 19(): 1014-1018.
	DU Guanglin, ZHOU Weiyuan, ZHAO Jidong. Multiple fracture network seepage model for fractured media[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2000, 19(): 1014-1018.
[16]	林承焰, 王杨, 杨山, 等. 基于CT的数字岩心三维建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(1): 307-317.
	LIN Chengyan, WANG Yang, YANG Shan, et al. 3D modeling of digital core based on X-ray computed tomography[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2018, 48(1): 307-317.
[17]	黄旭, 沈传波, 杜利, 等. 沧县隆起中段献县凸起和阜城凹陷岩溶型地热资源特征[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(4): 997-1008.
	HUANG Xu, SHEN Chuanbo, DU Li, et al. Geothermal geological characteristics of the Xianxian high and Fucheng Sag in the middle Cangxian uplift, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(4): 997-1008.
[18]	王君珂, 朱喜, 刘彦广, 等. 献县地热田地温场特征及控热因素研究[J]. 能源与环保, 2020, 42(1): 113-120.
	WANG Junke, ZHU Xi, LIU Yanguang, et al. Study on earth temperature field characteristics and heat controlling factors in geothermal field of Xianxian County[J]. China Energy and Environmental Protection, 2020, 42(1): 113-120.
[19]	汪新伟, 高楠安, 王婷灏, 等. 河北献县地热田地热异常的分布特征及成因机制[J]. 地质学报, 2022, 96(7): 2611-2625.
	WANG Xinwei, GAO Nan’an, WANG Tinghao, et al. Distribution characteristics and genetic mechanism of the geothermal abnormality in the Xianxian geothermal field, Hebei Province[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2022, 96(7): 2611-2625.
[20]	张庆福, 黄朝琴, 姚军, 等. 多尺度嵌入式离散裂缝模型模拟方法[J]. 计算力学学报, 2018, 35(4): 507-513.
	ZHANG Qingfu, HUANG Zhaoqin, YAO Jun, et al. Multiscale embedded discrete fracture modeling method[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics, 2018, 35(4): 507-513.
[21]	朱亚军, 李进步, 陈龙, 等. 苏里格气田大井组立体开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(2): 208-215.
	ZHU Yajun, LI Jinbu, CHEN Long, et al. Key technology of large-well-group stereoscopic development in Sulige gasfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(2): 208-215.
[22]	秦祥熙. 河北省献县隆起蓟县系雾迷山组热储层增产技术研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2021.
	QIN Xiangxi. Study on stimulation technology of thermal reservoir of wumishan formation of Jixian system in Xianxian uplift, Hebei Province[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences, 2021.
[23]	郎晓玲, 郭召杰. 基于DFN离散裂缝网络模型的裂缝性储层建模方法[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 49(6): 964-972.
	LANG Xiaoling, GUO Zhaojie. Fractured reservoir modeling method based on discrete fracture network model[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2013, 49(6): 964-972.
[24]	乔辉, 张永贵, 聂海宽, 等. 页岩储层多尺度天然裂缝表征与三维地质建模: 以四川盆地平桥构造带五峰组-龙马溪组页岩为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(5): 89-102.
	QIAO Hui, ZHANG Yonggui, NIE Haikuan, et al. Characterization and 3D modeling of multiscale natural fractures in shale gas reservoir: A case study in the Pingqiao structural belt, Sichuan Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(5): 89-102.
[25]	李红波. 哈得逊东河砂岩储层构型模式对剩余油分布的影响研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2012.
	LI Hongbo. The influence of reservoir architecture model in Hudson Donghe sandstone reservoir to the remaining oil distribution patterns[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2012.
[26]	张瑾, 张凤奇, 邹彦荣, 等. 地热水溶型和天然气伴生型氦气来源特征对比: 以渭河盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地北部为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(3): 463-470.
	ZHANG Jin, ZHANG Fengqi, ZOU Yanrong, et al. Comparison of helium source characteristics between geothermal water-dissolved type and natural gas-associated type: A case study of Weihe Basin and northern Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(3): 463-470.
[27]	刘健, 曹强, 任小庆, 等. 基于水—热—化耦合数值模拟的地热田开发方案优化设计: 以河北雄安新区岩溶热储为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2025, 47(2): 406-416.
	LIU Jian, CAO Qiang, REN Xiaoqing, et al. Optimization design of geothermal field development schemes based on hydraulic, thermal and chemical coupled numerical simulation: A case study of karst thermal reservoir in Xiong’an New Area, Hebei Province[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2025, 47(2): 406-416.
[28]	李红岩, 高小荣, 任小庆, 等. 雄安新区三维地热地质模型方法研究[J]. 地质与资源, 2024, 33(2): 222-229.
	LI Hongyan, GAO Xiaorong, REN Xiaoqing, et al. 3d geothermal geological modeling method of Xiong’an new area[J]. Geology and Resources, 2024, 33(2): 222-229.
[29]	孙致学, 姜传胤, 张凯, 等. 基于离散裂缝模型的CO₂增强型地热系统THM耦合数值模拟[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 44(6): 79-87.
	SUN Zhixue, JIANG Chuanyin, ZHANG Kai, et al. Numerical simulation for heat extraction of CO₂-EGS with thermal-hydraulic-mechanical coupling method based on discrete fracture models[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2020, 44(6): 79-87.

井名	井深/m	利用热储段深度/m	裂缝类型	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	井温/℃
ZFJ2	2 157.00	1 526.00~2 157.00	Ⅰ类裂缝	11.25	345.59	87
GYY1	2 210.00	1 568.90~2 210.00	Ⅲ类裂缝	8.79	6.07	90
GYY2	2 114.00	1 501.50~2 114.00	Ⅱ类裂缝	9.03	63.35	80
GYY3	2 559.00	1 630.00~2 559.00	Ⅲ类裂缝	8.93	5.14	84
NGC1	2 060.00	1 459.00~2 060.00	Ⅱ类裂缝	8.16	26.44	92
NGC2	2 187.00	1 554.00~2 187.00	Ⅲ类裂缝	8.57	11.97	93
NGC3	2 200.00	1 591.00~2 200.00	Ⅲ类裂缝	7.94	0.89	96
ZFJ1	2 080.00	1 476.00~2 080.00	Ⅲ类裂缝	6.62	3.22	88
XFT2	2 200.00	1 449.62~2 200.00	Ⅰ类裂缝	10.73	164.10	86

地质分层	纵向模拟层/个	单层厚度/m
平原组	5	50~80
明化镇组	50	10~20
雾迷山组	300	1

井名	模拟温度/℃	实测温度/℃	误差率/%
NGC3	95	96	1.04
GYY1	88	90	2.22
XFT2	85	86	1.16
ZF1	84	88	4.54

多尺度离散裂缝三维精细地质建模及地热资源评价研究——以渤海湾盆地献县地热田为例

Research on multi-scale discrete fracture 3D refined geological modeling and geothermal resource evaluation: A case study of Xianxian County geothermal field, Bohai Bay Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 29

相关文章 8

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	朱兆群, 吴复柱, 边凯, 蒋飞军, 赵存良, 李丹, 石守桥. 湖南长沙盆地中深层地热地质特征及资源潜力评价 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(5): 900-911.
[2]	梁玉凯, 郑华安, 曾倩宜, 宋吉锋, 田中原, 蒋恕. 莺歌海盆地X气田基于地热模型的地热资源评价 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(5): 891-899.
[3]	束青林, 王亚楠, 韩智颖, 姚秀田, 夏建, 陈雨茂, 李伟忠. 油田三维地质多级建模策略与方法——以渤海湾盆地整装孤岛油田为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 779-787.
[4]	成海, 张逸群, 王印, 刘超. 超深定向井地质工程力学耦合机理研究进展与认识 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 593-599.
[5]	何东博, 任路, 郝杰, 刘小平, 曹倩. 基于层次分析法的地热资源评价体系研究——以河北省曹妃甸地区中深层水热型砂岩储层为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(6): 713-725.
[6]	商晓飞,王鸣川,李蒙,赵磊. 基于VBM方法的油气藏高精度地层格架建模——以川西坳陷新场构造带须二段为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(2): 302-312.
[7]	张立安,王少鹏,张岚,吴春新,袁勋. 通过地质建模剖析古潜山碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层地质特征 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(5): 688-693.
[8]	杨勇,李亨,杨多,杜双军,彭杰,陈坤. 钻遇断层阵列侧向测井响应特性正演研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2019, 9(2): 50-55.