基于声波远探测技术裸眼老井地下定位研究与验证

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 枯竭油气藏改建为储气库的过程中,识别并封堵复杂老井是至关重要的步骤。对于含有铁磁性管柱的老井,通常采用磁探测技术进行定位;而对于无铁磁性信标的裸眼老井,地下定位则依赖于欠精确的井史资料,易产生较大误差。声波远探测技术通过分析声波反射特征,可实现对井旁异常地质体的探测与识别,理论上具备对裸眼老井精确定位的能力。此研究采用了空间四阶时间二阶的时域交错网格有限差分法（FDTD）求解弹性波动方程,从声场特征、裸眼井反射成像特征、声波远探测数据处理与定位3个方面系统地分析了该技术在裸眼井探测和地下定位中的可行性。首先,利用空间四阶时间二阶的时域交错网格有限差分法求解弹性波动方程,模拟不同地质条件下声波在井旁传播的行为;随后,基于实际工况下的声波反射特征,结合数值模拟结果,分析了裸眼井反射成像特征;最后,通过对实测数据进行处理,验证了声波远探测技术在实际应用中的探测范围和精度。实验结果表明,声波远探测技术不受外界因素影响,能准确定位地下3 000 m深度的裸眼老井在地层中的空间位置。探测的范围可达4~16 m,定位误差小于±0.5 m,适用于复杂地质条件下的废弃井定位。研究表明,声波远探测技术不仅突破了传统定位方法的局限性,还显著提升了裸眼老井的定位精度,为枯竭油气藏改建天然气储库提供了关键技术支撑。该技术的应用不仅提高了废弃井安全封堵的效率,还降低了地下定位误差引发的风险。后续研究将进一步优化算法,拓展探测范围,提升地下定位精度,以满足更广泛的工程需求。

关键词: 声波远探测, 裸眼老井, 数值模拟, 磁探测技术, 地下定位

Abstract: In the process of converting depleted oil and gas reservoirs into storage facilities, identifying and plugging complex old wells is a crucial step. Traditionally, magnetic guidance technology has been employed for locating old wells containing ferromagnetic columns. However, for open-hole wells without magnetic beacons, underground positioning often relies on imprecise well history data, leading to significant errors. Acoustic remote sensing technology, by analyzing the characteristics of acoustic wave reflections, theoretically possesses the capability to precisely locate open-hole wells through detecting and identifying abnormal geological bodies near the wellbore. This study systematically analyzed the feasibility of this technology in open-hole well detection and underground positioning operations from three aspects: acoustic field characteristics, reflection imaging features of open-hole wells, and processing and positioning of acoustic remote sensing data. We initially utilized a spatial fourth-order time second-order finite difference method (FDTD) on staggered grids to solve the elastic wave equation, simulating the propagation behavior of sound waves around the wellbore under different geological conditions. Subsequently, based on the acoustic wave reflection characteristics under actual working conditions and combined with numerical simulation results, we analyzed the reflection imaging features of open-hole wells. Finally, through processing measured data, we verified the detection range and accuracy of the acoustic remote sensing technology in practical applications. Experimental results indicate that the acoustic remote sensing technology is unaffected by external factors and can effectively locate open-hole wells at depths of 3 000 m underground, determining their exact spatial positions within formations. The detection range reaches 4~16 m, Positioning error less than ±0.5 m, suitable for abandoned well location under complex geological conditions. This study demonstrates that acoustic remote sensing technology not only overcomes the limitations of traditional positioning methods but also significantly improves the positioning accuracy of open-hole wells, playing a crucial role in the conversion of depleted oil and gas reservoirs into natural gas storage facilities. The application of this technology not only enhances the efficiency of safely plugging abandoned wells but also reduces risks caused by positioning errors. In the future, we will further optimize algorithms, expand detection ranges, and improve positioning accuracy to meet broader engineering needs.

Key words: acoustic remote detection, barehole well, numerical simulation, magnetic detection technology, underground positioning

中图分类号:

TE281

车阳,董京楠,陈春宇, 等. 基于声波远探测技术裸眼老井地下定位研究与验证[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 0, (): 2024366-2024366.

CHE YANG,DONG JINGNAN,CHEN CHUNYU, et al. Research and Validation of Barehole Well Underground Based on Acoustic Wave Remote Sensing Technology[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 0, (): 2024366-2024366.

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