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DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025381

渝西大足地区下志留统龙马溪组深层页岩气储层差异性成因

  • 严雪齐 ,
  • 谭先锋 ,
  • 余平 ,
  • 蒋威 ,
  • 刘建平 ,
  • 陈龙 ,
  • 王佳 ,
  • 陈维铭 ,
  • 王敦繁 ,
  • 张笠
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  • 1.重庆科技大学非常规油气高效绿色开发重庆市重点实验室,重庆,401331;
    2.重庆页岩气勘探开发有限责任公司,重庆,401120
严雪齐（2001—）,男,在读硕士研究生,从事沉积环境及成储效应方面研究工作。地址：重庆市沙坪坝区大学城东路20号,邮政编码：401331。E-mail: yanxq0101@163.com

收稿日期: 2025-08-08

  网络出版日期: 2025-11-26

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“挤压高陡褶皱区湖相富有机质页岩差异成岩过程及油气富集机理”（42572138）; 国家自然科学基金项目“富火山碎屑砂岩中镁铁质与长英质火山物质成因及差异溶蚀机理”（42502137）; 重庆市杰出青年科学基金项目“极热气候环境下湖泊沉积-成岩系统及油气效应”（CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0031）; 重庆市自然科学基金项目“渝西地区五峰组-龙马溪组深层页岩储层“铂金靶点”富硅成因机制及储集意义”（CSTB2022NSCQMSX1586）; 重庆市教委科学技术研究项目“渝东南龙马溪组盆山构造过渡带构造-流体演化特征及储集意义”（KJQN202401512）; 重庆市教委科学技术研究项目“晚新元古代富锡沉积岩物质来源及成因机制研究”（KJQN202401511）; 重庆科技大学研究生创新计划项目“渝西五峰-龙马溪组沉积环境与有机质聚集机理”（YKJCX2420119）

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Genesis of reservoir heterogeneity in deep shale gas reservoirs of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, Dazu Block, Western Chongqing

  • YAN Xueqi ,
  • TAN Xianfeng ,
  • YU Ping ,
  • JIANG Wei ,
  • LIU Jianping ,
  • CHEN Long ,
  • WANG Jia ,
  • CHEN Weiming ,
  • WANG Dunfan ,
  • ZHANG Li
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  • 1. Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China;
    2. Chongqing Shale Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited, Chongqing 401120, China

Received date: 2025-08-08

  Online published: 2025-11-26

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摘要

渝西大足地区龙马溪组富有机质深层页岩气储层具有强烈非均质性,制约了龙马溪组页岩气高效勘探进程。通过三维地震恢复大足地区早志留世龙马溪期古地貌格局,利用岩相学/矿物学资料、有机/无机地球化学资料,结合井—震资料和储层表征,对不同古地貌单元下龙马溪组沉积环境、物质组成和储层特征方面的差异展开研究,并探讨储层差异成因。研究结果表明：①研究区龙马溪组沉积时古地貌呈现北高、南低的阶梯式格局,相应依次发育陆棚高地、陆棚斜坡和陆棚洼地三种次级单元。受其控制,沉积水体还原性和古盐度具有向南逐渐增高的特征。②页岩储层物质组成与次级古地貌单元具有显著协变性。生物成因石英与总有机碳含量（TOC） 向南递增,黏土矿物和陆源有机质向南递减。陆棚洼地高生产力和有利保存条件促进有机质富集,长石蚀变等成岩作用影响了矿物组成的空间分布。③矿物组成和有机质含量的空间变化进一步影响页岩气储层特征。陆棚斜坡孔隙度最高,由晶间孔和有机质孔共同贡献;陆棚高地孔隙度次之,由粒间孔和粒内孔贡献;陆棚洼地孔隙度最低,由有机质孔径小和生物成因石英占据粒间孔所致。④通过定量反演和实测数据共同限定,Ⅰ类页岩气储层厚度从陆棚高地至陆棚洼地逐渐增高,表现出与沉积环境变化存在显著的成因联系。研究结果显示,古地貌格局引起的沉积环境变化可能是导致页岩气储层非均质性的根本原因,该成果为强烈非均质性页岩气储层高效勘探开发提供了科学依据。

关键词： 深层页岩气; 储层差异; 储层成因; 古地貌格局; 龙马溪组; 大足区块

本文引用格式

严雪齐 , 谭先锋 , 余平 , 蒋威 , 刘建平 , 陈龙 , 王佳 , 陈维铭 , 王敦繁 , 张笠 . 渝西大足地区下志留统龙马溪组深层页岩气储层差异性成因[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 0 : 20251126 -20251126 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025381

Abstract

The organic-rich deep shale gas reservoirs of the Longmaxi Formation exhibit pronounced heterogeneity, which significantly impedes the efficient exploration of these resources in the Dazu area, Western Chongqing. This study has recovered the paleogeomorphic map of the Longmaxi period in the Dazu by 3D earthquake. Then, using logging-seismic data, petrography, mineralogy, organic-inorganic geochemistry, and reservoir characterization, this study has explored depositional environments, compositional variations, and reservoir characterization of the Longmaxi Formation under different paleogeomorphic units in the Dazu area, western Chongqing, aiming to reveal differential genesis for deep shale reservoirs. The results indicate that: ① During the deposition of the Longmaxi Formation, the paleogeography exhibited a stepped pattern with a highland north and a lowland south, and three secondary units developed sequentially: shelf plateau, slopes, and depressions. The paleogeomorphic pattern controls the sedimentary environment which was characterized by the gradual increases of the reduction condition and paleosalinity southward.②Compositions of shale reservoirs show significant covariations with the secondary paleogeomorphic units. Biogenic quartz and TOC contents increase southward, while clay minerals and terrestrial organic matters decrease southward. High productivity and favorable preservation conditions within the shelf depression promoted organic matter accumulations. Diagenetic processes such as feldspar alteration enhanced the spatial distribution of mineral compositions. ③ Spatial variations of mineral composition and organic matter content further affect the characteristics of shale gas reservoirs. The porosity of the continental shelf slope is the highest, contributed jointly by intergranular pores and organic pores. The porosity of the continental shelf highlands is second, contributed by intergranular and intragranular pores. The porosity of the continental shelf depression is the lowest, which was caused by the small size of organic pores and the occupation of intergranular pores by biogenic quartz. ④ Through the joint limitation of quantitative inversion and measured data, the thickness of I-type shale gas reservoirs gradually increases from the continental shelf highlands to the continental shelf depressions, showing a significant genetic connection with the changes in the sedimentary environment. The research results show that the changes in sedimentary environment caused by the paleogeomorphic pattern may be the fundamental reason for the heterogeneity of shale gas reservoirs. This paper provides a scientific basis for the efficient exploration and development of strongly heterogeneous shale gas reservoirs.

Key words： deep shale gas; reservoir heterogeneity; reservoir genesis; paleogeomorphic pattern; Longmaxi Formation; Dazu Block

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