油气藏评价与开发 >
2025 , Vol. 15 >Issue 4: 632 - 640
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.04.012
地质封存过程中CO2注入对地层影响研究进展
收稿日期: 2024-06-25
网络出版日期: 2025-07-19
基金资助
中国石油科技专项“咸水层二氧化碳封存协同烟气处置方法研究”(2023ZZ1301);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“化工产业CO2减排及其高值化利用的新材料、新机制、新途径”(2021ZD0020);中国石油大学（北京）校基金项目“CCUS地质封存中固井水泥智能响应封窜体系协同调控机制研究”(ZX20200133);国家自然科学基金项目“CCUS地质封存中CO2-咸水-地层岩-油井水泥相互作用机理的研究”(51604288)
Research progress on effects of CO2 injection on formations during geological storage
Received date: 2024-06-25
Online published: 2025-07-19
CO2地质封存作为碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）技术中的重要一环，决定了CCUS技术的发展潜力和发展方向，是实现“双碳”目标的有效手段，明确CO2注入产生的一系列地层响应对于安全高效注入具有重要意义。压力提升是限制封存容量和封存安全的主要因素，流体溶解运移沉淀是影响地层稳定性和封存效率的本质特征，储层可注性及盖层安全性是决定地质封存项目成败的关键。系统讨论了CO2注入引起的压力聚集、压力传导、CO2-水-岩相互作用、矿物溶解沉淀及岩石孔隙结构特征等方面的地层响应特征，总结了润湿性、孔隙度、渗透率、流体性质、岩石强度、盖层完整性、地表形变及断层活化对储层可注性和盖层安全性的影响，指出目前研究存在的压力变化规律难预测、反应机理不明晰、注入效率不高效、监测评估尚不完善等主要问题。未来需要深化对封存机理的理解，改善地层响应的监测和评估方法，加强环境风险评估，进一步推动CO2地质封存技术的安全、高效应用，为应对全球气候变化问题提供有力支持。
王展鹏 , 刘双星 , 刘琦 , 杨术刚 , 张敏 , 鲜成钢 , 翁艺斌 . 地质封存过程中CO2注入对地层影响研究进展[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025 , 15(4) : 632 -640 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.04.012
As a critical component of Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology, CO2 geological storage plays a decisive role in the development potential and direction of CCUS technology, and serves as an effective means to achieve “dual carbon” goals. Clarifying the series of formation responses caused by CO2 injection is essential for safe and efficient injection. Pressure buildup is a primary factor constraining the storage capacity and safety. Fluid dissolution, migration, and precipitation are the fundamental features affecting formation stability and storage efficiency. In addition, reservoir injectivity and caprock integrity are key determinants for the success of geological storage projects. The formation response characteristics caused by CO2 injection were systematically discussed, including pressure buildup, pressure propagation, CO2-water-rock interactions, mineral dissolution and precipitation, and rock pore structure characteristics. The influences of wettability, porosity, permeability, fluid properties, rock strength, caprock integrity, surface deformation, and fault activation on reservoir injectivity and caprock safety were summarized. Major current issues in research were identified, including the unpredictability of pressure change patterns, unclear reaction mechanisms, low injection efficiency, and incomplete monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Future work should deepen the understanding of storage mechanisms, improve monitoring and assessment methods of formation response, strengthen environmental risk evaluation, and further promote the safe and efficient application of CO2 geological storage technology, thereby providing strong support for addressing global climate change.
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