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DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025028

Characteristics of deep coalbed methane reservoir space in Shanxi Province and their influence on adsorption and desorption

  • CAI Xiao ,
  • XIA Wei ,
  • LI Xiaoyue ,
  • LIU Yuxia ,
  • GONG Yue ,
  • GAO Hequn
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  • 1. Exploration and Production Research Institute, Sinopec East China Oil & Gas Company, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China;
    2. Sinopec Key Laboratory of Deep Coalbed Methane Exploration and Development, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China

Received date: 2025-01-15

  Online published: 2025-11-18

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Abstract

Exploration practices have shown that the southern Yanchuan block and Jinzhong block in Shanxi Province have significant exploration and development potential in the field of deep coalbed methane (CBM). However, studies on the characteristics of coal reservoir space and the main controlling factors of pore-fracture development remain limited, particularly regarding the coupling mechanism between the deep coal rock pore-fracture system and gas content, which hinders the production enhancement and cost-effective development of deep CBM in this region. Based on coal rock samples from key exploration wells in these blocks, this study systematically characterized the porefracture space types, full-scale pore size distribution characteristics, and fracture systems in deep coal reservoirs using optical microscope mosaics, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and high-pressure mercury intrusion—low-temperature N2/CO2 adsorption techniques. Combined with coal composition, coal body structure, and gas content test data, the main controlling factors of pore-fracture development and their impact on gas content were revealed. The results showed that: (1) the main reservoir spaces in the 2nd coal seam of the Shanxi Formation in the southern Yanchuan block and the 15th coal seam of the Taiyuan Formation in the Jinzhong block could be divided into two major categories: pores and fractures. Pores could be further subdivided into six subcategories based on their genesis, including cellular pores, gas pores, intergranular pores, clay mineral intercrystalline pores, pyrite intercrystalline pores, and dissolution pores. Fractures could be subdivided into three subcategories: cleat fractures, bedding fractures, and tectonic fractures. The reservoir space of the No. 2 coal in the southern Yanchuan block was dominated by gas pores and cellular pores, followed by intergranular pores, with a small number of cleat fractures, tectonic fractures, and pyrite intercrystalline pores. In contrast, the reservoir space of the No. 15 coal in the Jinzhong block was dominated by cleat fractures and tectonic fractures, followed by cellular pores, gas pores, and intergranular pores, with a small number of bedding fractures and clay mineral intercrystalline pores. (2) The differences in reservoir space characteristics between the southern Yanchuan block and the Jinzhong block were primarily attributed to coal composition, coal body structure, and tectonic movement. Specifically, pore types were mainly influenced by coal composition. Matrix vitrinite predominantly developed gas pores and intergranular pores, while fusinite, semifusinite, and durinite mainly developed cellular pores. Clay minerals mainly developed intercrystalline pores and fractures. Fracture systems were primarily controlled by coal structure and tectonic movement. Cleat fractures were affected by the diagenesis of coal and the lithostatic pressure of overlying strata, relating to the thermal maturity and burial depth of the coal. Bedding fractures were associated with the depositional environment, and external fractures were formed by tectonic stress or fracture. (3) The porefracture structure of coal significantly affected the adsorption-desorption characteristics of CBM. The pore size distribution of matrix pores determined the specific surface area and adsorption capacity of coal, thereby affecting adsorption characteristics. The complexity of the fracture system determined the permeability of CBM, thereby affecting its desorption behavior. The differences in coal types and material composition between the two blocks resulted in distinct characteristics in pore-fracture types, mechanical properties, and adsorptiondesorption behaviors. The study suggests that for reservoirs like the No. 2 coal in the southern Yanchuan block, which are dominated by matrix pores and exhibit stable gas desorption, a development strategy of "increasing fracturing scale, enhancing fracture creation, and adopting rapid drainage for pressure reduction" is recommended. For CBM reservoirs like the No. 15 coal in the Jinzhong block, which have well-developed fractures and complex pore-fracture networks, a development strategy of "improving sweep efficiency, large-volume farfield proppant placement, and controlled-pressure production" is recommended.

Key words： southern Yanchuan block; Jinzhong block; deep coalbed methane; characteristics of reservoir space; adsorption and desorption

Cite this article

CAI Xiao , XIA Wei , LI Xiaoyue , LIU Yuxia , GONG Yue , GAO Hequn . Characteristics of deep coalbed methane reservoir space in Shanxi Province and their influence on adsorption and desorption[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 0 : 0 -0 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025028

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