南川区块平桥背斜页岩气开发层系划分及合理井距优化研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

南川区块平桥背斜五峰—龙马溪组含气页岩厚度大,目前采用一套层系开发,水平井井距500 m的条件下,存在着纵向动用程度低,平面动用不充分,未能实现页岩储量的充分动用。为了指导该地区页岩气的合理高效开发,提高储量动用程度和采收率,基于储层精细描述,重点刻画纵向上岩石微相及应力特征,明确其对压裂缝高和缝长的影响,利用微地震监测、气井生产数据历史拟合等技术方法,明确开发层系的划分和平面合理井距的优化。研究结果：①南川地区五峰—龙马溪组含气页岩划分为9个小层21个亚层,开发层系划分为上、下2套气层,其中下部气层为①—⑤小层,厚度35 m,上部气层为⑥—⑨小层,厚度76 m;②平桥背斜合理水平井间距在250 m。

关键词: 页岩气, 立体开发, 合理井距, 五峰组—龙马溪组, 水平井, 南川区块

Abstract:

The gas-bearing shale in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation of Pingqiao anticline in Nanchuan block is thick. Currently, the low vertical producing reserves, underused oil-bearing area remains in the development in the same layer series with the horizontal well spacing of 500 m, leading to the failure of fully exploitation of shale reserves. In order to guide reasonable and efficient development, and improve the reserve production degree and enhance recovery rate, based on the fine description of the reservoir, the description of the rock microfacies and stress characteristics in the vertical direction has been focused on, and the impact on the fracture height and fracture length has been clarified. By the microseismic monitoring, historical fitting of gas well production data and other technical methods, the division of the development layer series and the plane reasonable well spacing optimization have been determined. It is found that: firstly, the gas-bearing shale of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Nanchuan area can be divided into nine small layers and 21 sub layers, and the development layer can be divided into two sets of gas layers. The lower ①—⑤ layer are with the thickness of 35 m, while upper ⑥—⑨ layer are with the thickness of 76 m. Secondly, the reasonable horizontal well spacing of Pingqiao anticline is 250 m.

Key words: shale gas, multiple layer series development, reasonable well spacing, Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, horizontal well, Nanchuan Block

中图分类号:

TE122.2

房大志,钱劲,梅俊伟,任建华,马波,卢比. 南川区块平桥背斜页岩气开发层系划分及合理井距优化研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(2): 212-218.

FANG Dazhi,QIAN Jin,MEI Junwei,REN Jianhua,MA Bo,LU Bi. Layer series division for development of shale gas of Pingqiao anticline in Nanchuan Block and reasonable well spacing optimization[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(2): 212-218.

图/表 6

表1

图1

表2

图2

图3

图4

参考文献 23

[1]	马永生, 蔡勋育, 赵培荣. 中国页岩气勘探开发理论认识与实践[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018,45(4):561-574.
	MA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu, ZHAO Peirong. China’s shale gas exploration and development: Understanding and practice[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018,45(4):561-574.
[2]	董大忠, 施振生, 管全中, 等. 四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气勘探进展、挑战与前景[J]. 天然气工业, 2018,38(4):67-76.
	DONG Dazhong, SHI Zhensheng, GUAN Quanzhong, et al. Progress, challenges and prospects of shale gas exploration in the Wufeng-Longmaxi reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(4):67-76.
[3]	焦方正. 页岩气“体积开发”理论认识、核心技术与实践[J]. 天然气工业, 2019,39(5):1-14.
	JIAO Fangzheng. Theoretical insights, core technologies and practices concerning “volume development” of shale gas in China[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(5):1-14.
[4]	张珈铭, 郭晓霞, 何文渊. 川南地区页岩气开发对比研究及降本增效途径[J]. 国际石油经济, 2018,26(9):31-38.
	ZHANG Jiaming, GUO Xiaoxia, HE Wenyuan. Comparative study on shale gas development in southern Sichuan and the ways to reduce costs & increase efficiency[J]. International Petroleum Economics Monthly, 2018,26(9):31-38.
[5]	XU T, LINDSAY G, ZHENG W, et al. Advanced modeling of production induced pressure depletion and well spacing impact on infill wells in Spraberry, Permian Basin[C]// paper SPE-191696-MS presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, September 24-26, 2018, Dallas, Texas, USA.
[6]	CAO R, LI R J, GIRARDI A, et al. Well interference and optimum well spacing for Wolfcamp development at Permian Basin[C]// paper URTEC-2691962-MS presented at the SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, July 24-26, 2017, Austin, Texas, USA.
[7]	谢军, 鲜成钢, 吴建发, 等. 长宁国家级页岩气示范区地质工程一体化最优化关键要素实践与认识[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019,24(2):174-185.
	XIE Jun, XIAN Chenggang, WU Jianfa, et al. Optimal key elements of geoengineering integration in Changning National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019,24(2):174-185.
[8]	鲜成钢. 页岩气地质工程一体化建模及数值模拟:现状、挑战和机遇[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018,37(5):24-31.
	XIAN Chenggang. Shale gas geological engineering integrated modeling and numerical simulation: Present conditions, challenges and opportunities[J]. Oil Forum, 2018,37(5):24-31.
[9]	刘乃震, 高远文, 王廷瑞, 等. 提高四川盆地页岩气开发效益的工程方案[J]. 天然气工业, 2019,39(5):93-98.
	LIU Naizhen, GAO Yuanwen, WANG Tingrui, et al. An engineering scheme of improving shale gas development benefit in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(5):93-98.
[10]	黄小青, 王建君, 杜悦, 等. 昭通国家级页岩气示范区YS108区块小井距错层开发模式探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 30(4):557-565.
	HUANG Xiaoqing, WANG Jianjun, DU Yue, et al. Discussion on development mode of smaller well spacing and tridimensional development in the YS108 block, Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Area[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019,30(4):557-565.
[11]	LIANG B, DU M, YANEZ P P. Subsurface well spacing optimization in the Permian Basin[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2019,174:235-243.
[12]	王运海. 四川盆地平桥地区五峰—龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙特征研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018,40(3):337-344.
	WANG Yunhai. Micro-pore characteristics of shale from Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Pingqiao area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018,40(3):337-344.
[13]	王玉满, 李新景, 王皓, 等. 四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组结核体发育特征及其沉积环境意义[J]. 天然气工业, 2019,39(10):10-21.
	WANG Yuman, LI Xinjing, WANG Hao, et al. Development characteristics of concretions in the Longmaxi Formation of Lower Silurian in the Sichuan Basin and the indicating significance of their depositional environment[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(10):10-21.
[14]	蔡进, 吉婧, 刘莉, 等. 湘鄂西—鄂西渝东地区上奥陶统五峰—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件研究[J]. 非常规油气, 2019,6(4):18-24.
	CAI Jin, JI Jing, LIU Li, et al. Study on shale gas accumulation condition of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian series Longmaxi Formation in Western Hubei and Hunan—western Hubei and eastern Chongqing area[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2019,6(4):18-24.
[15]	王超, 张柏桥, 舒志国, 等. 四川盆地涪陵地区五峰组—龙马溪组海相页岩岩相类型及储层特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018,39(3):485-497.
	WANG Chao, ZHANG Boqiao, SHU Zhiguo, et al. Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of marine shales of the Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation in Fuling area, the Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018,39(3):485-497.
[16]	刘霜, 钱华, 张梦吟, 等. 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田五峰—龙马溪组岩矿纵向差异性研究—以JYA井为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018,40(1):64-70.
	LIU Shuang, QIAN Hua, ZHANG Mengyin, et al. Vertical variation of rocks and minerals in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin: A case study of well JYA[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018,40(1):64-70.
[17]	甘玉青, 王超, 方栋梁, 等. 四川盆地焦石坝地区五峰—龙马溪组页岩元素地球化学特征及对页岩气开发的意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018,40(1):78-89.
	GAN Yuqing, WANG Chao, FANG Dongliang, et al. Element geochemical characteristics of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin and their significance to shale gas development[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018,40(1):78-89.
[18]	赵金洲, 任岚, 沈骋, 等. 页岩气储层缝网压裂理论与技术研究新进展[J]. 天然气工业, 2018,38(3):1-14.
	ZHAO Jinzhou, REN Lan, SHEN Cheng, et al. Latest research progresses in network fracturing theories and technologies for shale gas reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(3):1-14.
[19]	位云生, 王军磊, 齐亚东, 等. 页岩气井网井距优化[J]. 天然气工业, 2018,38(4):129-137.
	WEI Yunsheng, WANG Junlei, QI Yadong, et al. Optimization of shale gas well pattern and spacing[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(4):129-137.
[20]	王秀芝, 石志良, 龙胜祥, 等. 元坝气田开发经济合理井距研究[J]. 断块油气田, 2012,19(3):340-342.
	WANG Xiuzhi, SHI Zhiliang, LONG Shengxiang, et al. Study on economic and reasonable well spacing of Changxing Formation reservoir development in Yuanba Gas Field[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2012,19(3):340-342.
[21]	田巍, 邓瑞健, 朱维耀, 等. 页岩压裂缝网储层应力敏感性及对产能的影响[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2017,7(6):71-77.
	TIAN Wei, DENG Ruijian, ZHU Weiyao, et al. Stress sensitivity of shale reservoir fracture network and its effect on productivity[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2017,7(6):71-77.
[22]	王晓明, 黄海, 陈军斌, 等. 偏差系数对页岩气渗流规律的影响[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2017,7(6):79-84.
	WANG Xiaoming, HUANG Hai, CHEN Junbin, et al. Effects of deviation coefficient on seepage law of shale gas[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2017,7(6):79-84.
[23]	王妍妍, 王卫红, 胡小虎, 等. 基于压裂效果评价的页岩气井井距优化研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2018,40(5):131-139.
	WANG Yanyan, WANG Weihong, HU Xiaohu, et al. Study on the optimization of shale gas well spacing based on assessment of the fracturing performance[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 2018,40(5):131-139.

层位	页岩厚度（m）	TOC （%）	孔隙度（%）	含气饱和度（%）	吸附含气量（m³/t）	总含气量（m³/t）	储量丰度（10⁸m³/km²）
⑥—⑨	76	1.5	2.8	47.6	1.0	3.2	5.9
①—⑤	35	3.2	4.2	70.0	1.8	4.3	4.8

分类	地质甜点					工程甜点
亚层	TOC （%）	孔隙度（%）	总含气量（m³/t）	吸附气含量（m³/t）	含气饱和度（%）	最小水平主应力（MPa）	石英+长石含量（%）	黏土含量（%）
⑧-2	1.8	3.6	2.7	0.8	41.0	54.0	37.1	44.8
①-2	4.9	5.2	6.3	1.7	64.5	54.1	69.2	18.9