塔里木盆地顺北地区超深断溶体油藏地质工程一体化模式探索

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

塔里木盆地顺北地区勘探开发实践表明,该区油气资源丰富,但油藏埋藏深,油气富集程度差异大,油藏类型复杂,上覆多套地层存在易漏失、易垮塌等工程难题,给该地区高效开发带来了极大挑战。为扩大该区油气规模,实现高效开发,重点在组织管理、工作模式等方面开展了探索,初步形成了管理模式及井位论证、井型设计、安全钻井及高效完井等关键环节的主要做法和相应技术。探索成果对该区及类似超深断溶体油藏高效开发具有指导和借鉴意义。

关键词: 超深, 探索, 断溶体, 地质工程一体化, 顺北地区, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

The exploration and development practice in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin shows that oil and gas resource there is rich. However, the reservoir is deeply buried, the degree of oil and gas enrichment varies greatly, the reservoir type is very complex, and the overlying strata has the engineering problems such as easy leakage and collapse. All these problems above bring great challenges to the efficient development in this region. In order to expand the scale of oil and gas and realize the efficient development, the exploration in organizational management and work model has been carried out. The main practices and corresponding technologies of key links such as management mode, well position demonstration, well type design, safe drilling and effective well completion have been initially formed. The research will give reference for development of the ultra-deep fault- karst reservoirs in this area and similar reservoirs.

Key words: ultra-deep, exploration, fault-karst, geology-engineering integration, Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE344

唐磊,王建峰,曹敬华等. 塔里木盆地顺北地区超深断溶体油藏地质工程一体化模式探索[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 329-339.

Lei TANG,Jianfeng WANG,Jinghua CAO, et al. Geology-engineering integration mode of ultra-deep fault-karst reservoir in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(3): 329-339.

图/表 12

图1

表1

顺北油田钻井揭示地层"

地层系统				代号	岩性特征
界	系	统	组群	代号	岩性特征
新生界	第四系			Q	灰黄色粗砂,夹浅灰黄色粉砂质黏土、杂色砾岩
	新近系	上新统	库车组	N₂k	厚层状灰黄色、黄褐色细粒砂岩、粉砂岩,夹薄层褐灰色泥岩
		中新统	康村组	N₁k	灰、褐灰色泥质粉砂岩与黄灰、红褐、褐灰色色泥岩呈不等厚互层
		中新统	吉迪克组	N₁j	上部为蓝灰色泥岩与棕色粉砂岩、细砂岩略等厚互层,下部以棕色泥岩、膏质泥岩、粉砂质泥岩为主,夹棕色粉砂岩、细粒砂岩
	古近系	渐—古新统	苏维依组	E₃s	棕色泥岩与浅棕色细粒砂岩、泥质粉砂岩略等厚互层
	古近系	渐—古新统	库木格列姆群	E_1-2km	棕红色细粒砂岩夹浅棕色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩
中生界	白垩系	下统	巴什基奇克组	K₁bs	上部为浅灰色、棕色细粒砂岩、泥质粉砂岩夹棕褐色泥岩,中部为浅灰色、棕色细粒砂岩、泥质粉砂岩与棕褐色泥岩等厚互层,下部为浅灰色、棕色细粒砂岩、泥质粉砂岩夹棕褐色泥岩
	白垩系	下统	卡普沙良群	K₁kp	上部棕红色细粒砂岩、泥质粉砂岩夹棕色泥岩,中部为浅棕色细粒砂岩夹棕色泥岩,下部为浅棕色细粒砂岩
	侏罗系	下统		J₁	剥蚀缺失
	三叠系	上统	哈拉哈塘组	T₃h	上部深灰色泥岩、砂质泥岩夹浅灰色粉细砂岩,下部浅灰色中—细砂岩、粉砂岩与深灰色泥岩不等厚互层
		中统	阿克库勒组	T₂a	上部深灰色泥岩、灰色粉砂质泥岩夹浅灰色粉砂岩、浅灰色细粒砂岩,下部浅灰色细粒砂岩、含砾砂岩、细砾岩与灰色泥岩略等厚互层
		下统	柯吐尔组	T₁k	深灰色泥岩、灰色粉砂质泥岩夹灰色泥质粉砂岩,底部为浅灰色砾质中粒长石岩屑砂岩、杂色砂砾岩
古生界	二叠系	中统		P₂	上部为灰绿、深灰色英安岩,下部为黑色、灰绿色凝灰岩
	石炭系	下统	卡拉沙依组	C₁kl	上段为棕褐色、灰色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩与浅灰色细粒砂岩、粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩略等厚互层,即砂泥岩段。下段为棕褐色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩夹浅灰色质粉砂岩,即上泥岩段
	石炭系	下统	巴楚组	C₁b	上段黄灰色泥晶灰岩夹灰色泥岩,即“双峰灰岩”段;中段为棕褐色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩,即“下泥岩段”;下段为棕褐色泥岩与浅灰色细粒砂岩、粉砂岩略等厚互层,即“砂泥岩互层段”
	泥盆系	上统	东河塘组	D₃d	灰白色细粒石英砂岩、粉砂岩夹棕褐色泥岩
	志留系	下统	塔塔埃尔塔格组	S₁t	浅灰色细粒砂岩、粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩与棕褐色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩不等厚互层
	志留系	下统	柯坪塔格纽	S₁k	自上而下分为3段：①S₁k³：浅灰色细粒砂岩夹棕褐色、灰色泥岩,即沥青砂岩段;②S₁k²：深灰色、绿灰色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩,即暗色泥岩段;③S₁k¹：绿灰、棕褐、灰色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩与灰色泥质粉砂岩、细粒砂岩呈等厚—略等厚互层
	奥陶系	上统	桑塔木组	O₃s	上部为灰色泥岩、灰质泥岩与灰色、黄灰色泥灰岩呈略等厚—不等厚互层,下部灰色泥岩夹灰质泥岩,浅灰色凝灰岩、灰绿色辉绿岩
			良里塔格组	O₃l	黄灰色泥晶灰岩
			恰尔巴克组	O₃q	上部为棕褐色泥质灰岩夹灰质泥岩,下部为棕褐色含泥泥晶灰岩
		中统	一间房组	O₂yj	黄灰色泥晶灰岩、砂屑泥晶灰岩、泥晶砂屑灰岩
		中—下统	鹰山组	O_1-2y	浅黄灰色泥晶灰岩、含砂屑泥晶灰岩、砂屑泥晶灰岩

表1

图2

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

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井区	油层深度（m）	油层静温（℃）	油层静压（MPa）	压力系数	地面原油密度（g/cm³）	黏度（mPa·s）	凝固点（℃）	含硫量（%）	含蜡量（%）	气油比（m³/m³）	类型
顺北A	7 683	157.34	83.04	1.103	0.8	2.06	-18.0	0.109	6.59	280	挥发油
顺北B	7 640	151.80	85.87	1.146	0.829 0	4.97	-29.6	0.211	3.32	50	轻质油
顺北C	7 405	155.36	81.75	1.120	0.831 0	21.59	-8.5	0.080	3.41	388	轻质油
顺北D	7 557	157.10	87.08	1.176	0.791 6	2.40	-18.0	0.105	2.80	398	挥发油
顺北E	7 768.16	163.29	82.60	1.085	0.799 2	2.68	-17.0	0.118	2.55	517	挥发油
顺北F	7 725.07				0.789 9	2.65	<-34.0	0.107	4.22	354	挥发油