基于VBM方法的油气藏高精度地层格架建模——以川西坳陷新场构造带须二段为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

川西坳陷新场地区须家河组受多期构造运动叠加,地层起伏较大,总体呈“马鞍”形特征,同时发育多组逆断层,断穿层位各异,断层交切关系多样。常规的建模方法不能精确表征该区复杂的构造-地层特征,模型难以满足实际生产需要。因此,采用VBM建模方法对新场须二气藏进行了构造地层模型建立。依据地震解释数据和钻井分层信息,获取须二段层面和断层控制数据。建立断层框架模型,精细调整断面形态和断层交切关系。以层面数据为输入数据,计算每一砂组的地层厚度,恢复并构建原状地层模型。利用断层与层面的相关参数控制,精准调控断层与层面之间的关系,实现现今构造-地层格架模型的建立。结果表明：VBM方法通过体积守恒原理和非结构化网格表征技术,对复杂构造模型能够做到精准刻画,较好处理复杂的地层接触和断层展布问题。新建立的地层格架模型相比传统角点网格建立的模型具有更高的网格质量,且保持了复杂断层处的断层组合关系以及层序地层特征,为后续的储层地质建模提供了更可靠的模型框架基础。

关键词: 地层格架, 地质建模, 构造-地层模型, VBM建模, 新场构造带, 川西坳陷

Abstract:

The Xujiahe Formation in Xinchang area of western Sichuan Depression has experienced multiple periods of tectonic movement superposition. The stratigraphic deformation is significant, and the whole stratum is characterized by “saddle” shape. In addition, several groups of reverse faults are developed, with different fault broken horizons and diverse fault crosscutting relationships. However, the conventional modeling methods can not accurately describe the complex structure-stratigraphic characteristics of the area, and the model is difficult to meet the actual production needs. Therefore, the VBM modeling method is used to establish the structural-stratigraphic framework model of Xu2 gas reservoir in Xinchang area. Based on the analysis of sedimentary and filling characteristics in the study area, the sequence stratigraphic framework is clarified. Then, the horizon and fault data are obtained based on seismic interpretation data and drilling stratification information to establish the model of fault frame and finely adjust the relation between sectional shape and cross section. The horizon model is used as the input data to calculate the stratigraphic thickness of each sand group, and to restore and construct the original formation model. The present structural-stratigraphic framework model can be established by accurately regulating the relation between faults and horizons by controlling the relevant parameters of them. The results show that VBM method can accurately describe complex structural model through volume conservation principle and tetrahedron grid characterization technology, and better deal with complex formation contact and fault distribution problems. The new stratigraphic framework model has higher grid quality than the traditional corner grid model, and the combination relation and sequence stratigraphic characteristics are maintained in the complex faults. This structural-stratigraphic model provides a more reliable model framework for the subsequent reservoir geological modeling.

Key words: stratigraphic framework, geological modeling, structural-stratigraphic model, volume-based modeling, Xinchang tectonic belt, western Sichuan Depression

中图分类号:

TE319

商晓飞,王鸣川,李蒙,赵磊. 基于VBM方法的油气藏高精度地层格架建模——以川西坳陷新场构造带须二段为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(2): 302-312.

SHANG Xiaofei,WANG Mingchuan,LI Meng,ZHAO Lei. High precision stratigraphic framework modeling for oil and gas reservoirs based on VBM algorithm: A case study of Xu2 Formation in Xinchang tectonic zone, western Sichuan Depression[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(2): 302-312.

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断层	断面分辨率（m）	断层平整度	断面形态	断层外推距离（m）	断层交切关系
F1	100	2	凸形	50	被F12截切
F2	100	2	凸形	50
F3	100	2	凸形	50
F4	100	2	凸形	50
F5	100	2	凸形	50
F12	60	1	凸形	30
F17	60	1	凸形	20	截切F1

砂组	平均层厚（m）	断层数	层序接触关系	断层影响距离（m）	垂向断距（m）	网格尺寸（m）
TX₂²	80	59	整合接触	上盘400、下盘80	40~50	100
TX₂⁴	110	46	整合接触	上盘300、下盘50	35~45	100
TX₂⁷	50	31	整合接触	上盘200、下盘30	30~40	100