沁水盆地寿阳地区晚石炭—早二叠世煤系沉积特征及对共生气藏的控制

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，鄂尔多斯盆地在煤系共生气藏的勘探开发获得了重大突破，但沁水盆地目前的勘探开发却仍聚焦在煤层气藏。沁水盆地北部寿阳地区晚石炭—早二叠世山西组3号煤、太原组9号和15号煤热演化程度高，具备良好的烃源基础。海陆过渡相沉积环境有利于多种类型储盖组合发育，表明具备发育煤系气共生气藏的基本地质条件。利用研究区108口煤层气勘探井资料和前人对沉积环境的研究，对晚石炭—早二叠世煤系地层沉积特征进行了精细研究。通过“点-线-面”的研究方法，将太原组划分为3个沉积单元：太原组一段（以下简称太一段）三角洲前缘沉积、太原组二段（以下简称太二段）潟湖—潮坪沉积、太原组三段（以下简称太三段）三角洲前缘沉积；山西组划分为1个沉积单元：三角洲平原沉积。在此基础上，归纳了8类典型的岩相组合，综合分析得出3类4种煤系气储盖类型。研究认为：在研究区北部仅发育单一煤层气藏，东部则发育煤层气+常规灰岩裂隙气藏，中部则以煤层气+致密砂岩气为主，中部偏北主要发育致密砂岩气+煤层气+页岩气组合。

关键词: 晚石炭—早二叠世, 煤系地层, 沉积特征, 岩相组合, 煤系气共生组合

Abstract:

In recent years, the Ordos Basin has achieved significant breakthroughs in the exploration and development of coal measures symbiotic gas reservoirs, whereas the Qinshui Basin continues to focus primarily on coalbed gas methane reservoirs. Notably, in the northern Qinshui Basin’s Shouyang block, Late Carboniferous to Early Permian the 3rd coal seam of the Shanxi Formation and the 9th and 15th coal seams of the Taiyuan Formation exhibit a high degree of thermal evolution, providing an excellent hydrocarbon source. The marine-continental transitional facies sedimentary environment promotes the development of various reservoir-cover combinations, demonstrating that the area has the essential geological conditions for the formation of coal measures symbiotic gas reservoirs. Drawing on data from 108 CBM exploration wells and previous studies on the depositional environment, the sedimentary characteristics of the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian coal measures have been meticulously investigated. Using a “point-line-surface” approach, the Taiyuan Formation is divided into three depositional units: the first unit (hereafter referred to as Tai-1) represents delta front deposition, the second unit (Tai-2) represents lagoon and tide flat deposition, and the third unit (Tai-3) again represents delta front deposition. The Shanxi Formation is classified into one depositional unit, namely, delta plain deposition. Based on these studies, eight typical lithofacies associations were identified, and a comprehensive analysis yielded three types with four categories of coal-measure gas reservoir covers. The study finds that in the northern part of the study area, only a single coalbed methane reservoir is developed, whereas the eastern part exhibits a combination of coalbed methane and conventional limestone fractured gas reservoir. In the central region, coalbed methane combined with tight sandstone gas predominates, while the northern-central zone is characterized by a mix of tight sandstone gas, coalbed methane, and shale gas.

Key words: Late Carboniferous-Early Permian, coal measure strata, sedimentary characteristics, lithofacies combination, coal measure gas symbiotic association

中图分类号:

TE122

王振国,康丽芳,张亚飞, 等. 沁水盆地寿阳地区晚石炭—早二叠世煤系沉积特征及对共生气藏的控制[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(2): 205-216.

WANG Zhenguo,KANG Lifang,ZHANG Yafei, et al. Sedimentary characteristics of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian coal measures and its control on symbiotic gas reservoirs in Shouyang area, Qinshui Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(2): 205-216.

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