弯曲影响下悬链锚腿系泊系统在南海涠洲海域适用性分析

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.02.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对弯曲影响下悬链锚腿系泊（CALM）系统在南海涠洲海域的适用性进行研究，分析了该系泊系统在南海涠洲海域极限环境条件下的自存能力，并提出了考虑弯曲影响后的极限系泊力校核方法。建立了南海涠洲海域波浪有义波高-平均上穿零周期联合概率分布模型，根据该模型推算并绘制南海涠洲海域波浪有义波高-平均上穿零周期百年回归周期等值线。联合百年回归周期风条件和十年回归周期流条件，构建南海涠洲海域极限校核海况。通过莫里森方程（Morison equation）分别对直径为76.2、88.9、101.6 mm R4S级无挡锚链系泊系统进行了时域下系泊水动力分析，并通过耿贝尔分布（Gumbel distribution）评估了最可能出现的极限系泊张力。通过有限元分析，解析了止链器和锚链管系泊布置形式所致的锚链环平面外弯曲与平面内弯曲对系泊链应力分布的影响，最终对分析系泊系统在南海涠洲远海海域适应性进行了评估。分析结论表明：采用止链器和锚链管系泊布置形式，系泊锚链会受到额外的平面内弯曲与平面外弯曲所致的应力集中，需额外考虑1.3倍弯曲安全系数。直径101.6 mm锚链系泊系统在南海涠洲海域具有适用性；直径88.9 mm锚链系泊系统可以满足标准校核，但无法满足考虑锚链间弯曲影响下的系泊分析要求；直径76.2 mm锚链系泊系统则不能满足标准校核。

关键词: CALM系统, 南海涠洲海域, 系泊分析, 弯曲影响, 极限海况

Abstract:

This study focuses on the applicability of the catenary anchor leg mooring (CALM) system subjected to bending effects in the Weizhou sea area of the South China Sea. The survivability of the mooring system under extreme environmental conditions in the Weizhou sea area of the South China Sea was analyzed, and a verification method for ultimate mooring force considering the bending effects was proposed. The joint probability distribution model of significant wave height and mean zero up-crossing period in the Weizhou sea area of the South China Sea was established. Based on this model, the 100-year return period contour of significant wave height and mean zero up-crossing period was calculated and plotted. Combined with the 100-year return period wind condition and the 10-year return period flow condition, the ultimate verification sea state of the Weizhou sea area of the South China Sea was constructed. A time-domain hydrodynamic analysis of the CALM system was conducted based on the Morison Equation, and the most probable maximum mooring tensions of R4S studless mooring chains with diameters of 76.2, 88.9, and 101.6 mm were evaluated using the Gumbel Distribution. Finite element analysis was performed to examine the effects of in-plane and out-of-plane bending of mooring chains caused by the chain stopper and hawse pipe arrangement, and the resulting stress distribution in the mooring chain was analyzed. Finally, the applicability of the CALM system in the offshore Weizhou area of the South China Sea was evaluated. The analysis results showed that when using the mooring arrangement with the chain stopper and hawse pipe, the mooring chains experienced additional stress concentration due to in-plane and out-of-plane bending, requiring a bending safety factor of 1.3. The mooring system with 101.6 mm diameter chains was suitable for deployment in the Weizhou sea area of the South China Sea. The system with 88.9 mm diameter chains met the standard verification requirements but did not satisfy mooring analysis criteria when considering the bending effects between chain links. The system with 76.2 mm diameter chains did not meet the standard verification requirements.

Key words: CALM system, Weizhou sea area of South China Sea, mooring analysis, bending effect, extreme sea states

中图分类号:

TE95

张宗峰,薛绪田,杜鹏等. 弯曲影响下悬链锚腿系泊系统在南海涠洲海域适用性分析[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(2): 332-338.

ZHANG Zongfeng,XUE Xutian,DU Peng, et al. Applicability analysis of catenary anchor leg mooring system subjected to bending effects in Weizhou sea area of South China Sea[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(2): 332-338.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

表1

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

图8

表3

系泊分析结果"

工况编号	直径76.2 mm锚链			直径88.9 mm锚链			直径101.6 mm锚链
工况编号	$μ T /$ kN	$σ T /$ kN	$T M P M /$ kN	$μ T /$ kN	$σ T /$ kN	$T M P M /$ kN	$μ T /$ kN	$σ T /$ kN	$T M P M /$ kN
1	1 038.80	37.89	1 021.76	1 109.12	53.25	1 085.16	1 275.86	105.97	1 228.18
2	1 316.76	62.86	1 288.47	1 428.94	74.32	1 395.49	1 664.11	118.88	1 610.61
3	1 745.11	80.62	1 708.83	1 893.46	94.21	1 851.09	2 184.51	111.89	2 134.16
4	2 371.83	268.90	2 250.82	2 542.91	282.43	2 415.82	2 875.88	285.08	2 747.59
5	5 322.85	580.97	5 061.42	6 140.86	645.03	5 850.60	6 220.18	573.52	5 962.10

表3

表4

系泊链极限校核结果"

不同直径/mm	$V U C$
不同直径/mm	未考虑弯曲影响	考虑弯曲影响
76.2	1.083	1.408
88.9	0.949	1.234
101.6	0.763	0.992

表4

参考文献 20

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有义波高/m	平均上穿零周期/s
6.1	16.8
8.1	16.5
10.0	15.7
12.0	14.2
14.0	10.3

工况编号	有义波高/m	平均上穿零周期/s	风速/ （m/s）	流速/ （m/s）
1	6.1	16.8	56.3	2.05
2	8.1	16.5	56.3	2.05
3	10.0	15.7	56.3	2.05
4	12.0	14.2	56.3	2.05
5	14.0	10.3	56.3	2.05