油气藏评价与开发 >
2021 , Vol. 11 >Issue 1: 95 - 101
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.01.013
深层页岩气水平井压后生产管理与排采技术
收稿日期: 2020-10-10
网络出版日期: 2021-02-04
基金资助
中国石化科技部“十条龙”项目“威远—永川深层页岩气开发关键技术”(P18058)
Post-frac production control and drainage technology of deep shale gas wells
Received date: 2020-10-10
Online published: 2021-02-04
川南深层页岩气井采用测-采-输一体化作业模式,实现了降成本、减排放、快投产、早收益的开发目标,但在一体化作业实施中大量采用矿场经验做为决策依据,缺乏通用指导性。针对压后焖井、返排制度及排采对策三方面内容开展了覆压核磁共振渗吸、渗透率应力敏感及气液两相渗流实验,模拟计算了井筒流态及压力剖面分布,并开展了现场30余口气井排采效果评价。研究结果表明:压裂液渗吸进入储层有利于提高页岩裂缝复杂程度,川南页岩气井最优焖井参考周期为4~10 d;形成6阶段返排优化方案,建立了压后排采指导图版。确定以流态转变时机为下油管及人工举升工艺介入时机,油管最佳下入位置为井斜70°~85°,提出了排水采气对策。研究结果对于指导深层页岩气井压后生产管理及排采技术具有较好的指导意义。
杜洋 , 雷炜 , 李莉 , 赵哲军 , 倪杰 , 刘通 . 深层页岩气水平井压后生产管理与排采技术[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021 , 11(1) : 95 -101 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.01.013
The shale gas fields in Southern Sichuan are developed in an integration mode of testing, production and transmission, which has realized the development goals of cost reduction, emission reduction, fast production commissioning and early returns. However, a lot of empirical practices serve as reference of decision-making during implementation of integration practices. There is a lack of general guidance. In order to study the post-frac soaking, the flowback system and the drainage measures, the experiments of overpressured NMR imbibition, permeability stress sensitivity and gas-liquid two phase percolation are conducted, the flow regime and the distribution of pressure profile are simulated, and the discharge and production effect of more than 30 wells in Southern Sichuan shale gas field has been evaluated. The results show that the entry of fracturing fluids into reservoir through imbibition is beneficial to increasing the complexity of shale cracks, and the optimal shut-in time of Southern Sichuan shale gas field is 4~10 days. Meanwhile, a six-staged flowback system is formed, and a post-frac drainage guide chart is established. It is determined that tubing and manual lifting should be implemented when the flow regime changes and the tube should be installed at the well deviation of 70° ~ 85°. Besides, the drainage strategy is also proposed. In general, the research results are of great significance for guiding post-frac production control and drainage technology.
[1] | Li Y, Zhou D H, Wang W H, et al. Development of unconventional gas and technologies adopted in China[J]. Energy Geoscience, 2020,1(1-2):55-68. |
[2] | Crafton J W. Flowback performance in intensely naturally fractured shale gas reservoirs[C]// paper SPE-131785-MS presented at the SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, 23-25 February, 2010, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. |
[3] | Makhanov K, Dehghanpour H, Kuru EH. Measuring liquid uptake of organic shales: A workflow to estimate water loss during shut-in periods[C]// paper SPE-167157-MS presented at the SPE Unconventional Resources Conference Canada, 5-7 November, 2013, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. |
[4] | Yaich E, Williams S, Bowser A, et al. A case study: The impact of soaking on well performance in the Marcellus[C]// paper URTEC-2154766-MS presented at the Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, 20-22 July, 2015, San Antonio, Texas, USA. |
[5] | Makhanov K, Dehghanpour H, Kuru E. An experimental study of spontaneous imbibition in Horn River Shales[C]// paper SPE-162650-MS presented at the SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, 30 October-1 November, 2012, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. |
[6] | Bertoncello A, Wallace J M, Blyton C, et al. Imbibition and water blockage in unconventional reservoirs: well-management implications during flowback and early production[J]. SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, 2014,17(4):497-506. |
[7] | 杨海, 李军龙, 石孝志, 等. 页岩气储层压后返排特征及意义[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2019,43(4):98-105. |
[7] | Yang Hai, Li Junlong, Shi Xiaozhi, et al. Characteristics and significance of flow-back processes after fracturing in shale-gas reservoirs[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2019,43(4):98-105. |
[8] | 蒙冕模, 葛洪魁, 纪文明, 等. 基于核磁共振技术研究页岩自发渗吸过程[J]. 特种油气藏, 2015,22(5):137-140. |
[8] | Meng Miaomo, Ge Hongkui, Ji Wenming, et al. NMR Study on Shale Spontaneous Imbibition[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs, 2015,22(5):137-140. |
[9] | 杜洋, 雷炜, 李莉, 等. 页岩气井压裂后焖排模式[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2019,31(3):145-151. |
[9] | Du Yang, Lei Wei, Li Li, et al. Shut-in and flow-back pattern of fractured shale gas wells[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019,31(3):145-151. |
[10] | 肖文联, 张骏强, 杜洋, 等. 页岩带压渗吸核磁共振响应特征实验研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2020,41(6):13-18. |
[10] | Xiao Wenlian, Zhang Junqiang, Du Yang, et al. An experimental study on NMR response characteristics of imbibition subjected to pressure in shale[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2020,41(6):13-18. |
[11] | 游利军, 谢本彬, 杨建, 等. 页岩气井压裂液返排对储层裂缝的损害机理[J]. 天然气工业, 2018,38(12):61-69. |
[11] | You Lijun, Xie Benbin, Yang Jian, et al. Mechanism of fracture damage induced by fracturing fluid flowback in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(12):61-69. |
[12] | 韩慧芬, 杨斌, 彭钧亮. 压裂后焖井期间页岩吸水起裂扩展研究——以四川盆地长宁区块龙马溪组某平台井为例[J]. 天然气工业, 2019,39(1):74-80. |
[12] | Han Huifen, Yang Bin, Peng Junliang. Fracture initiation & propagation in shale due to imbibition during well shut-in after fracturing: A case study from one well platform in Longmaxi Fm of the Changning Block, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(1):74-80. |
[13] | 王良, 马辉运, 韩慧芬, 等. 长宁区块页岩水化起裂机理及应用[J]. 钻采工艺, 2020,43(增):27-30. |
[13] | Wang Liang, Ma Huiyun, Han Huifen, et al. Mechanism of shale hydration cracking and application at Changning Block[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2020,43(S):27-30. |
[14] | 张涛, 李相方, 杨立峰, 等. 关井时机对页岩气井返排率和产能的影响[J]. 天然气工业, 2017,37(8):48-59. |
[14] | Zhang Tao, Li Xiangfang, Yang Lifeng, et al. Effects of shut-in timing on flowback rate and productivity of shale gas wells[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2017,37(8):48-59. |
[15] | 潘登, 涂敖, 谢奎. 页岩气地面排采作业初期难点与技术对策[J]. 钻采工艺, 2018,41(6):40-42. |
[15] | Pan Deng, Tu Ao, Xie Kui. Difficulties during shale gas well early stage flow back and well testing and technical solutions[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2018,41(6):40-42. |
[16] | 韩慧芬, 王良, 贺秋云, 等. 页岩气井返排规律及控制参数优化[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2018,40(2):253-260. |
[16] | Han Huifen, Wang Liang, He Qiuyun, et al. Flowback laws and control parameter optimization of shale gas wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2018,40(2):253-260. |
[17] | Zhang S F, Sheng J J. Effect of water imbibition on hydration induced fracture and permeability of shale cores[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2017,45:726-737. |
[18] | 范宇, 岳圣杰, 李武广, 等. 长宁页岩气田采气工艺实践与效果[J]. 天然气与石油, 2020,38(2):54-60. |
[18] | Fan Yu, Yue Shengjie, Li Wuguang, et al. Practice and effect of gas production technology in Changning Shale Gas Field[J]. Natural Gas and Oil, 2020,38(2):54-60. |
[19] | 曹孟京, 吴晓东, 安永生, 等. 页岩气井连续油管采气管柱优化设计[J]. 断块油气田, 2018,25(6):811-814. |
[19] | Cao Mengjing, Wu Xiaodong, An Yongsheng, et al. Optimal design of coiled tubing for production string of gas well in shale gas field[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2018,25(6):811-814. |
[20] | 林生茂, 陈家晓, 杨智, 等. 长宁页岩气自动化泡排加注工艺技术研究与应用[J]. 钻采工艺, 2020,43(增):64-67. |
[20] | Lin Shengmao, Chen Jiaxiao, Yang Zhi, et al. Research and application on automatic on foam-dewatering gas production technology for Changning Shale Gas Development[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2020,43(S):64-67. |
[21] | 杨智, 陈家晓, 段蕴琦, 等. 页岩气水平井柱塞排采工艺研究与应用[J]. 钻采工艺, 2020,43(增):40-42. |
[21] | Yang Zhi, Chen Jiaxiao, Duan Yunqi, et al. Plunger lift technology research and application in horizontal shale gas well[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2020,43(S):40-42. |
[22] | Zhao Z H, Wu K D, Fan Y, et al. An optimization model for conductivity of hydraulic fracture networks in the Longmaxi shale, Sichuan basin, Southwest China[J]. Energy Geoscience, 2020,1(1-2):47-54. |
[23] | Li Y Z. Mechanics and fracturing techniques of deep shale from the Sichuan Basin, SW China[J]. Energy Geoscience, 2021,2(1):1-9. |
/
〈 | 〉 |