废弃油基钻屑是油气田开采过程中最严重的环境污染物之一，是具有产量大、含油率高、成分复杂且极难妥善处理等特点的危险废物。在离心分离、溶剂萃取、表面活性剂热洗、热解法等诸多方法中，通过热解去除挥发性和半挥发性污染物（如碳氢化合物）的热处理方法，因其处理时间短、去除效率高而广受欢迎和使用。然而，常规热解处理技术温度高、能耗高，对物料选择性较高，容易产生结焦，导致处理效率低下。在常规热解技术的基础上，通过添加催化剂和防结焦剂对油基钻屑进行预处理，可以极大地降低热解所需的温度。通过研究CA、CB、CC（CA为催化剂A，CB为催化剂B，CC为催化剂C）这3种不同催化剂分别在温度为200、250、300 ℃时对油基钻屑中油分去除效果，并将效果较好的CA和CC进行复配，发现其复配比例为2∶1时可以显著提高处理效果。通过对防结焦剂JA、JB、JC（JA为焦化剂A，JB为焦化剂B，JC为焦化剂C）的筛选发现，JB可有效地降低固相残渣粘连在反应釜内壁上。通过使用中心复合设计（CCD）和响应面方法（RSM），可以在减少实验数量的前提下保证结果的准确性。由响应面（RSM）模型结果可知，最佳的处理参数为：在处理300 g 油基钻屑时，复配催化剂的添加比例为4.417%（复配比例为CA∶CC=2∶1），反应温度为285.43 ℃，反应时间为97.17 min时，油基钻屑的含油率由14.76%降低至0.20%。通过分析油基钻屑在最佳处理参数处理后的产物，参照中华人民共和国四川省地方标准《天然气开采含油污泥综合利用后剩余固相利用处置标准》（DB51/T 2850—2021），发现固相残渣中的重金属及其他指标均得到有效去除。去除后的固相残渣可用于铺垫井场，实现了油基钻屑的有效去除及废物利用。

Waste oil-based drill cuttings are one of the most severe environmental pollutants generated during oil and gas field exploitation. They are hazardous wastes characterized by high production volume, elevated oil content, complex composition, and extreme difficulty in proper disposal. Among various methods such as centrifugal separation, solvent extraction, surfactant hot washing, pyrolysis, etc., the thermal treatment method that removes volatile and semi-volatile pollutants (such as hydrocarbons) by pyrolysis is widely favored due to its short processing time and high removal efficiency. However, conventional pyrolysis methods operate at high temperatures, consume significant energy, and exhibit high material selectivity, which makes them prone to coking and ultimately results in low treatment efficiency. Based on conventional pyrolysis techniques, the required pyrolysis temperature can be significantly lowered by adding catalysts and anti-coking agents to pretreat oil-based drill cuttings. The removal efficiency of oil in oil-based drill cuttings was studied using three different catalysts, CA, CB, and CC (representing catalysts A, B, and C), at temperatures of 200, 250, and 300 ℃. The CA and CC catalysts with superior performance were then compounded, and it was found that a compounding ratio of 2∶1 (CA∶CC) significantly improves the treatment effect. Screening of anti-coking agents JA, JB, and JC (representing coking agents A, B, and C) revealed that JB effectively reduces the adhesion of solid residues on the inner wall of the reactor. Utilizing central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) ensures the accuracy of the results while reducing the number of required experiments. The response surface methodology (RSM) model results indicate that the optimal treatment parameters are as follows: for 300 g of oil-based drill cuttings, a composite catalyst addition ratio of 4.417% (with a CA∶CC atio of 2∶1), a reaction temperature of 285.43 ℃, and a reaction time of 97.17 min, under which the oil content of the drill cuttings is reduced from 14.76% to 0.20%. Analysis of the products after treating the oil-based drill cuttings under the optimal conditions, in reference to the Sichuan Provincial Local Standard of the People’s Republic of China “Standard for the Utilization and Disposal of Residual Solid Phases after Comprehensive Utilization of Oily Sludge in Natural Gas Exploitation: DB51/T 2850-2021”, revealed that the heavy metals and other key indicators in the solid phase residues are effectively removed. The resulting solid residue, once treated, can be repurposed to pave the well site, thereby achieving both effective removal of oil-based drill cuttings and waste utilization.