吉木萨尔页岩油井区CO2前置压裂工艺参数优化及现场实践

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油具有原始渗透率极低，原油黏度高等特点，自然条件下无经济产能。通过现场实践，证明密切割+高强度体积压裂，是实现页岩油规模开发的最有效手段之一，但现阶段如何延缓油井递减率，提高单井采收率仍是亟待解决的问题。2019—2022年，在吉木萨尔页岩油区块，开展了CO₂前置压裂辅助提产技术研究和现场试验，系统地研究分析CO₂前置蓄能压裂和CO₂吞吐在吉木萨尔页岩油区块的应用效果。结果表明，超临界态CO₂具有混相增能、溶蚀改善储层条件、提高渗吸置换效率、提高缝网复杂程度等作用，并明确最优注入量、注入速度、注入方式等关键工艺参数，初步形成了一套页岩油藏CO₂前置压裂的工艺技术体系。根据生产数据预测，CO₂前置压裂工艺可将最终采收率提升20%左右，对实现页岩油效益开发，为其他类型页岩油藏提高开发效果提供参考。

关键词: CO₂前置, 储层改造, 裂缝扩展规律, 参数优化, 吉木萨尔页岩油

Abstract:

The shale oil of Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag has the characteristics of extremely low original permeability and high viscosity of crude oil, making it uneconomical to produce under natural conditions. Field practices have demonstrated that dense drilling combined with high-intensity volume fracturing is one of the most effective means to achieve large-scale development of shale oil. However, how to slow down the decline rate of oil wells and improve the recovery rate per well remains a pressing issue to be addressed. From 2019 to 2022, the researches and field tests of CO₂pre-fracturing assisted production technology were carried out in Jimsar shale oil block. The application effect of CO₂ pre-storage fracturing and CO₂ huff and puff in Jimsar shale oil block was systematically studied and analyzed. The results indicate that supercritical CO₂ has the effects of miscible energy increase, dissolution to improve reservoir conditions, improve imbibition replacement efficiency, and increase the complexity of fracture network. The optimal injection volume, injection speed, and injection methods were determined, and a preliminary technological system for CO₂ pre-fracturing in shale oil reservoirs was established. According to the prediction of production data, the CO₂ pre-fracturing process can increase the final recovery rate by about 20%, which provides a reference for realizing the benefit development of shale oil and improving the development effect of other types of shale reservoirs.

Key words: CO₂ pre-energizing fracturing, reservoir modification, crack propagation law, parameter optimization, Jimsar shale oil

中图分类号:

TE357

赵坤,李泽阳,刘娟丽,胡可,江冉冉,王伟祥,刘秀珍. 吉木萨尔页岩油井区CO₂前置压裂工艺参数优化及现场实践[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(1): 83-90.

ZHAO Kun,LI Zeyang,LIU Juanli,HU Ke,JIANG Ranran,WANG Weixiang,LIU Xiuzhen. Parameter optimization and field practice of CO₂ pre-fracturing process in Jimsar shale oil block[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(1): 83-90.

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样品编号	地层温度/ ℃	地层压力/ MPa	饱和压力/MPa	气油比/（m³/t）	驱替速度/ （mL/min）
A	89.2	39.3	5.6	20	0.2
B	98.1	44.4	5.8	23	0.2
C	82.8	36.7	3.3	14	0.2

层位	样品深度/m	岩性	黏土矿物含量/ %	常见非黏土矿物含量/%
层位	样品深度/m	岩性	黏土矿物含量/ %	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	铁白云石
芦草沟组上“甜点”	3 146.54	砂质砂屑云岩	1.79	10.34		26.88	5.17	55.82
芦草沟组下“甜点”	3 264.65	白云质砂屑砂岩	0.91	10.32		17.55		71.22
	6 267.19	泥质粉砂岩	1.91	14.77	12.66	42.19	21.09	7.38
	3 300.17	云质粉砂岩	3.22	13.35	11.12	38.93	3.34	30.04

井号	工艺参数
井号	油藏中部深度/m	水平段长度/m	油层钻遇率/m	改造段长度/m	簇间距/m	总液量/m³	总砂量/m³	加砂强度/（m³/m）
试验井A	3 810	1 510	90.00	1 433	15.9	42 608.7	2 900	2.0
对比井B	3 663	2 012	76.38	2 012	15.1	59 377.2	4 050	2.0
对比井C	3 563	2 015	96.18	1 300	15.3	35 615.6	2 710	2.1
对比井D	3 471	1 540	63.73	982	14.7	29 015.0	1 980	2.0

吉木萨尔页岩油井区CO₂前置压裂工艺参数优化及现场实践

Parameter optimization and field practice of CO₂ pre-fracturing process in Jimsar shale oil block

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