聚合物驱研究进展及技术展望

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2020.06.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着我国对石油的需求量不断增加,对油气田的进一步挖潜显得至关重要。化学驱技术是提高采收率的重要技术之一,而聚合物驱作为最主要的化学驱提高采收率方法,在矿场上已经得到了广泛应用,并取得良好的驱油效果。该文通过对聚合物驱的基本原理以及各种驱油用聚合物的发展现状进行综述,对聚合物驱的矿场应用效果进行总结,展望了聚合物驱在高温高盐等苛刻油藏环境下的发展方向。通过综述可以看出,虽然耐温抗盐共聚物、速溶聚合物、两亲聚合物等功能型聚合物已成功研发,但应用于矿场的聚合物类型仍然有限,如何将新型聚合物的研发成果应用于现场提高采收率是重点发展方向。随着不同聚合物类型的研发,对聚合物驱油机理的研究需要继续深入。

关键词: 聚合物, 驱油原理, 研究进展, 矿场实验, 新型聚合物

Abstract:

With the increasing oil demand in China, it is very important to further tap the potential of oil and gas fields. Chemical flooding technology is one of the important technologies of EOR, and polymer flooding, as the most important method of EOR, has been widely used in the field and achieved good oil displacement effects. Therefore, by summarizing the basic principles of polymer flooding, the development status of various kinds of polymer for oil displacement and the field application effect of polymer flooding, the development direction of polymer flooding in harsh reservoir conditions, such as high temperature and high salt, has been prospected. Through the review, although functional polymers, such as temperature resistant and salt resistant copolymers, instant polymers and amphiphilic polymers, have been successfully developed, the types of polymers used in the field are still limited. How to apply the research and development achievements of new polymers to on-site EOR is the key development direction. With the development of different polymer types, further research on polymer flooding mechanism is needed.

Key words: polymer, oil displacement principle, research advance, field tests, novel polymer

中图分类号:

TE357

曹绪龙,季岩峰,祝仰文,赵方剑. 聚合物驱研究进展及技术展望[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2020, 10(6): 8-16.

CAO Xulong,JI Yanfeng,ZHU Yangwen,ZHAO Fangjian. Research advance and technology outlook of polymer flooding[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(6): 8-16.

图/表 4

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国家	油田	开始时间	岩性	聚合物类型	聚合物浓度/（mg·L^-1）	注入孔隙体积倍数	注入方式	结果评价
印度	Sanand	1985年04月	砂岩	丙烯酰胺	800	0.15	梯式	提高采收率11 %,投资回报率28 %
德国	Edesse-Nord	1985年10月	砂岩	黄原胶聚合物	800~1 000	0.20	一体	增产5 %~7 %,经济成功
美国	White Castle	1986年01月	砂岩	聚丙烯酰胺	500	0.40	一体	未评价
德国	V-K	1989年12月	砂岩	黄原胶聚合物	500~600	0.40	梯度	提高采收率6 %,经济成功
德国	Ploen-ost	1989年05月	砂岩	合成聚合物	1 000	0.60	梯度	大幅增产,经济成功
美国	Adon Road	1990年10月	砂岩	胶态分散凝胶	600	0.30	梯度	提高采收率18 %,0.72美元/桶
中国	双河油田	1994年02月	砂岩	聚丙烯酰胺	800		梯度	提高采收率10 %,吨油成本390元/t
中国	胜利油田胜二区	2012年11月	砂岩	聚丙烯酰胺	2 200	0.65	梯式	提高采收率7.3 %