墨西哥湾天然气水合物富集特征与成藏机制——以WR313和GC955研究区为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为全球天然气水合物热点研究区,墨西哥湾水合物勘探研究已进行了数十年,特别是在WR313和GC955区集中开展了水合物富集成藏特征研究。基于大量水合物勘探成果,分析总结了这两个研究区水合物纵向上的分布特征、有利储层的岩相特征以及水合物富集成藏机制,从整体上反映了该海湾天然气水合物勘探研究的最新进展。WR313和GC955研究区水合物主要存在砂层孔隙充填型与泥层裂隙充填型两种赋存类型。较深部相对粗粒富砂层含有孔隙充填型水合物,饱和度通常大于80 %,可高达95 %;而较浅部泥层裂隙充填型水合物饱和度极低,平均饱和度一般低于5 %。同时,讨论了水合物富集成藏研究面临的问题,强调水合物富集成藏是一个受诸多因素影响的复杂作用过程,指出在水合物富集区优选过程中,局部富砂体的识别应受到特别重视。

关键词: 天然气水合物, 分布特征, 储层岩相, 成藏机制, 墨西哥湾

Abstract:

As a hot area in global gas hydrate research field, the hydrate exploration in the Gulf of Mexico has been carried out for decades. Especially in the selected key exploration targets, study area WR313 and GC955, the hydrate accumulation and enrichment features have been studied. Based on the gas hydrate exploration results of these two study areas, the vertical distribution, the lithofacies features of favorable reservoirs are summarized, and the hydrate accumulation mechanisms have been analyzed to reflect the latest gas hydrate exploration and research progress in this gulf. The gas hydrate exploration results indicate that there are mainly two occurrence types of gas hydrates existing in these study areas, namely, the pore-filling type in sand and the fracture-filling type in mud. The pore-filling type occurs in the deeper sand-rich sediments with relatively coarse grains, and the hydrate saturation is normally greater than 80 %, and may be up to 95 %; whereas the fracture-filling type occurs in the shallower clay dominant sediments with the low gas hydrate saturation generally less than 5 %. In addition, the main problems existing in the research of the gas hydrate accumulation mechanisms also have b een discussed, emphasizing that the accumulation of gas hydrate is a complex process influenced by many factors. Meanwhile, it is also pointed out that the identification of local sand-rich bodies deserve special attention during gas hydrate accumulation selection.

Key words: natural gas hydrate, distribution features, reservoir lithofacies, accumulation mechanism, Gulf of Mexico

中图分类号:

TE122

赵克斌,孙长青,郭嘉琪等. 墨西哥湾天然气水合物富集特征与成藏机制——以WR313和GC955研究区为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(5): 669-679.

Kebin ZHAO,Changqing SUN,Jiaqi GUO, et al. Enrichment characteristics and accumulation mechanism of natural gas hydrate in the Gulf of Mexico: Cases study of study area WR313 and GC955[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(5): 669-679.

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