极端耗水层带形成机制及流场调控增效模式——以陆相砂岩特高含水后期整装油田为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.02.009

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 237-246.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.02.009

极端耗水层带形成机制及流场调控增效模式——以陆相砂岩特高含水后期整装油田为例

束宁凯¹(),刘丽杰²,姚秀田³,黄迎松²,赖枫鹏⁴,崔文富⁵

1.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京 102206
2.中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东东营 257015
3.中国石化胜利油田分公司孤岛采油厂，山东东营 257231
4.中国地质大学（北京）能源学院，北京 100083
5.中国石化胜利油田分公司胜利采油厂，山东东营 257400

收稿日期:2023-05-31 出版日期:2024-04-26 发布日期:2024-05-07
作者简介:束宁凯（1993—），女，博士，工程师，主要从事油田开发地质及提高采收率理论与技术研究。地址：北京市昌平区沙河镇百沙路197号中国石化科学技术研究中心，邮政编码：102206。E-mail: snk.syky@sinopec.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项“胜利油田特高含水期提高采收率技术”(2016zx05011);中国石化重点科技项目“胜坨油田特高含水期深度开发关键技术”(P20070-4)

Formation mechanism of extreme water consumption zone and synergistic mode of flow field regulation: A case study of uncompartmentalized oilfield of continental sandstone in the late stage of ultra-high water cut

SHU Ningkai¹(),LIU Lijie²,YAO Xiutian³,HUANG Yingsong²,LAI Fengpeng⁴,CUI Wenfu⁵

1. Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
2. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying, Shandong 257015, China
3. Gudao Oil Production Plant, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying, Shandong 257231, China
4. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences（Beijing ）, Beijing 100083, China
5. Shengli Oil Production Plant, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying, Shandong 257400, China

Received:2023-05-31 Online:2024-04-26 Published:2024-05-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以胜利油区陆相砂岩油藏整装油田为代表，主力单元进入特高含水后期（含水率大于95%），局部区域出现极端耗水现象，水油比急剧上升，注入水利用率大幅下降，吨油操作成本成倍增加，经济效益变差，但油藏中还有60%左右剩余地质储量。注入水沿着极端耗水层带窜流是制约陆相砂岩整装油田特高含水后期效益开发的关键问题。以提高特高含水老油田开发效益为目标，明晰了极端耗水层带形成机制及调控机理，建立了基于老井的变流线调控极端耗水层带扩波及方法，形成特高含水后期油藏精准描述及调控极端耗水层带扩波及的效益开发技术体系。通过应用流场调控技术，使传统认为含水率98%近废弃油藏开展示范应用，基于极端耗水层带流场调控经济寿命期延长10 a以上，产油量大幅增加，含水率下降，吨油操作成本下降，实现了特高含水后期老油田低成本开发。

关键词: 陆相油藏, 特高含水后期, 极端耗水层带, 流场调控, 增效模式, 关键技术

Abstract:

Represented by the integrated oilfield of the continental sandstone reservoir in Shengli Oil Zone, the main unit of which has entered the late stage of ultra-high water cut（>95%）. This stage has led to significant challenges, including extreme water consumption in certain areas, a sharp increase in the water-to-oil ratio, a marked decline in the utilization rate of injected water, rising operating costs per ton of oil, and diminishing economic returns. Despite these issues, approximately 60% of the remaining geological reserves are still present in the reservoir, making the widespread drilling of new wells economically unfeasible. The primary obstacles to profitable development at this stage include the preferential flow of injected water through zones of extreme water consumption and limited dynamic sweep efficiency. Addressing the identification, description, and management of these extreme water consumption zones is crucial for achieving profitable development in maturing oilfields with ultra-high water cuts. This paper suggests a comprehensive approach to tackle these challenges. It involves understanding the formation and control mechanisms of extreme water consumption zones, characterizing reservoir heterogeneity based on configuration and lithology, quantitatively describing the distribution of these zones, and devising strategies to regulate their expansion using variable streamlines in existing wells. The goal is to develop a suite of profitable development technologies that enable precise reservoir characterization and effective management of extreme water consumption zones in the late ultra-high water cut stage. Traditionally, a reservoir with a 98% water cut is considered nearly depleted. However, by applying key technologies for flow field regulation and benefit enhancement to a demonstration unit within such a reservoir, its economic lifespan can be extended by over a decade. This approach can stabilize annual oil production, reduce water cut, lower operating costs per ton of oil, and facilitate low-cost development in maturing oilfields at the late ultra-high water cut stage, thereby addressing the economic and operational challenges inherent in this phase of development.

Key words: continental reservoir, the late stage of ultra-high water cut, extreme water consumption zone, flow field regulation, benefit enhancement mode, key technology

中图分类号:

TE341

束宁凯,刘丽杰,姚秀田,黄迎松,赖枫鹏,崔文富. 极端耗水层带形成机制及流场调控增效模式——以陆相砂岩特高含水后期整装油田为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(2): 237-246.

SHU Ningkai,LIU Lijie,YAO Xiutian,HUANG Yingsong,LAI Fengpeng,CUI Wenfu. Formation mechanism of extreme water consumption zone and synergistic mode of flow field regulation: A case study of uncompartmentalized oilfield of continental sandstone in the late stage of ultra-high water cut[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(2): 237-246.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

图3

表2

图4

图5

表3

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

表4

参考文献 28

[1]	黄迎松. 用于高耗水层带判别的干扰试井方法[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2019, 41(6): 749-755.
	HUANG Yingsong. An interference well test method for the identification of high-consumption water zone[J]. Oil Drilling and Production Technology, 2019, 41(6): 749-755.
[2]	刘丽杰. 胜坨油田特高含水后期矢量开发调整模式及应用[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2016, 23(3): 111-115.
	LIU Lijie. Vector development adjustment modes and its application in late extra-high water cut stage of Shengtuo oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2016, 23(3): 111-115.
[3]	刘丽杰, 张先敏, 魏祥祥, 等. 特高含水期剩余油分类评价方法[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2022, 29(5): 83-90.
	LIU Lijie, ZHANG Xianmin, WEI Xiangxiang, et al. Classification and evaluation method of remaining oil in ultra-high water cut stage[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2022, 29(5): 83-90.
[4]	LI S S, FENG Q H, ZHANG X M, et al. A new water flooding characteristic curve at ultra-high water cut stage[J]. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2023, 13(1): 101-110. doi: 10.1007/s13202-022-01538-6
[5]	CHEN G S MENG Y L, HUAN J L, et al. Distribution and origin of anomalously high permeability zones in Weizhou formation, Weizhou 12-X oilfield, Weixinan Sag, China[J]. Earth Science Informatics, 2021, 14(4): 2003-2015. doi: 10.1007/s12145-021-00670-x
[6]	杨勇. 正韵律厚油层优势渗流通道的形成条件和时机[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2008, 15(3): 105-107.
	YANG Yong. Forming condition and opportunity of preponderant flowing channel in thick positive rhythm reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2008, 15(3): 105-107.
[7]	韩智颖, 张玉晓, 黄尚军, 等. 高效流场调整技术在整装油藏特高含水期的应用[J]. 油气地球物理, 2020, 18(1): 66-71.
	HAN Zhiying, ZHANG Yuxiao, HUANG Shangjun, et al. Application of high efficiency flow field adjustment technology in the ultra-high water cut stage of uncompartmentalized reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geophysics, 2020, 18(1): 66-71.
[8]	于秀玲. 高含水油藏基于流场调整的井网及注采优化设计[D]. 青岛: 中国石油大学(华东), 2017.
	YU Xiuling. Optimization of well pattern and injection-production based on flow field adjustment in high water-cut reservoirs[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum(East China), 2017.
[9]	柏明星, 张志超, 梁健巍. 中高渗透砂岩油田优势流场识别与调整[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2017, 24(1): 100-105.
	BAI Mingxing, ZHANG Zhichao, LIANG Jianwei. Identification and adjustment of streamline field in middle-high permeability sandstone oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2017, 24(1): 100-105.
[10]	李林祥, 谭河清, 马建波, 等. 二元复合驱后油藏流场调整提高采收率技术——以孤东油田六区Ng5⁴-Ng6⁸单元为例[J]. 长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 16(12): 31-36.
	LI Linxiang, TAN Heqing, MA Jianbo, et al. EOR technology of reservoir flow field adjustment after binary composite flooding——by taking unit Ng5⁴-Ng6⁸in block 6 of Gudong oilfield for example[J]. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition), 2019, 16(12): 31-36.
[11]	李远光, 方越, 石璐, 等. 特高含水油田高耗水层带识别方法研究——以双河油田为例[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2019, 33(4): 65-68.
	LI Yuanguang, FANG Yue, SHI Lu, et al. Identification method of high-water consumption zone in super high water cut oilfield: By taking Shuanghe oilfield as an example[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2019, 33(4): 65-68.
[12]	荆克尧, 佟颖, 佟震. 基于综合判识与时变数值模拟的高渗条带定量描述方法[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(10): 3999-4004.
	JING Keyao, TONG Ying, TONG Zhen. Quantitative description method of relatively high- permeability zone based on comprehensive identification and time-varying numerical simulation[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(10): 3999-4004.
[13]	刘志宏, 朱奇, 冯其红, 等. 高耗水层带的级别划分方法[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(6): 114-119.
	LIU Zhihong, ZHU Qi, FENG Qihong, et al. Level division for high water consumption zone[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25(6): 114-119.
[14]	刘志宏, 黄迎松, 陈瑞, 等. 孤东油田特高含水后期流场调整技术研究与应用[C]//中国石油学会. 第九届渤海湾油气田勘探开发技术研讨会论文集, 2017: 315-320.
	LIU Zhihong, HUANG Yingsong, CHEN Rui, et al. Research and application of flow field adjustment technology in the late stage of ultra high water cut in Gudong Oilfield[C]// Chinese Petroleum Society. Transactions of the 9th Bohai Bay Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Technology Seminar Transactions, 2017: 315-320.
[15]	刘海成. 整装油藏高耗水层段治理技术研究[J]. 石化技术, 2021, 28(11): 63-64.
	LIU Haicheng. Study on treatment technology of high water consumption zone in integrated reservoir[J]. Petrochemical Industry Technology, 2021, 28(11): 63-64.
[16]	康玲珍, 李辉, 文红叶, 等. 双河油田V上层系高耗水条带识别方法研究[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2017, 31(4): 57-59
	KANG Lingzhen, LI Hui, WEN Hongye, et al. Identification method of high-water consumption zone in V-upper layer in Shuanghe oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2017, 31(4): 57-59.
[17]	崔传智, 韩兴源, 邴绍献, 等. 水驱油藏高含水期耗水条带表征指标及分级方法[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2022, 29(3): 85-91.
	CUI Chuanzhi, HAN Xingyuan, BING Shaoxian, et al. Characterization indexes and grading method of water-consumption zones in waterflooding oil reservoirs during high water cut period[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2022, 29(3): 85-91.
[18]	赖书敏, 赵文佳, 苏建. 特高含水后期层系井网及注采优化方法与应用——以S油田T块为例[J]. 天然气与石油, 2022, 40(3): 56-61.
	LAI Shumin, ZHAO Wenjia, SU Jian. Optimization method and application of well pattern and injection production system in ultra-high water cut stage: A case study on block T of S oilfield[J]. Natural Gas and Oil, 2022, 40(3): 56-61.
[19]	岳野. 油藏中高渗条带对水驱效果的影响[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2020, 4: 66-68.
	YUE Ye. The influence of high permeability streaks on water-driven effect in reservoir[J]. Chemical Engineering and Equipment, 2020, 4: 66-68.
[20]	张赫, 单高军, 杜庆龙, 等. 大庆长垣油田特高含水后期水驱开发技术难题及其对策[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2022, 41(4): 60-66.
	ZHANG He, SHAN Gaojun, DU Qinglong, et al. Technical challenges and solution of water flooding development in late stage of ultra-high water cut in Placanticline oilfield in Daqing[J]. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2022, 41(4): 60-66.
[21]	佟颖, 贾元元. 基于刻蚀模型的高渗条带控制下剩余油微观赋存特征[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2018, 18(28): 80-86.
	TONG Ying, JIA Yuanyuan. Remaining oil microscopic features under the control of high-permeability zone based on etching model[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2018, 18(28): 80-86.
[22]	孙翔宇, 任熵, 葛际江. 可视化平板模型评价注入方式对驱油的影响[J]. 实验室研究与探索, 2020, 39(9): 13-17.
	SUN Xiangyu, REN Shang, GE Jijiang. Evaluation of the influence of injection patterns on flooding effect by visualizing flat glass model[J]. Research and Exploration in Laboratory, 2020, 39(9): 13-17.
[23]	JIANG X F, DENG S C, LI H B, et al. Characterization of 3D pore nanostructure and stress-dependent permeability of organic-rich shales in northern Guizhou Depression, China[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 14(2): 407-422. doi: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2021.08.019
[24]	侯健, 邱茂鑫, 陆努, 等. 采用CT技术研究岩心剩余油微观赋存状态[J]. 石油学报, 2014, 35(2): 319-325. doi: 10.7623/syxb201402012
	HOU Jian, QIU Maoxin, LU Nu, et al. Characterization of residual oil microdistribution at pore scale using computerized tomography[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2014, 35(2): 319-325. doi: 10.7623/syxb201402012
[25]	赵红兵. 三角洲前缘韵律层特高含水期剩余油分布及调整[J]. 特种油气藏, 2006, 13(2): 58-60.
	ZHAO Hongbing. Residual oil distribution and reconciliation for delta front rhythm zone in extra high water cut stage[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs, 2006, 13(2): 58-60.
[26]	束青林. 正韵律厚油层剩余油分布模式及水平井挖潜——以孤岛油田中一区Ng5³层为例[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2004, 11(6): 34-38.
	SHU Qinglin. Distribution mode of remaining oil and tapping the potential by horizontal wells in thick positive-rhythm oil layers-taking Ng5³ layer in Zhong1 area of Gudao oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2004, 11(6): 34-38.
[27]	杨冰, 傅强, 官敬涛, 等. 特高含水油藏不同井网流场调整模拟与驱油效率[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(4): 519-524.
	YANG Bing, FU Qiang, GUAN Jingtao, et al. Oil displacement efficiency based on different well pattern adjustment simulation in high water cut reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(4): 519-524.
[28]	刘博, 张荣达, 张伊琳, 等. 双河油田高耗水条带影响因素及治理对策可行性研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2020, 10(6): 96-102.
	LIU Bo, ZHANG Rongda, ZHANG Yilin, et al. Influencing factors and countermeasures feasibility of high water consumption strip in Shuanghe Oilfield[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(6): 96-102.

单元名称	地下原油黏度/ （mPa·s）	渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	渗透率级差	突变点时机
单元名称	地下原油黏度/ （mPa·s）	渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	渗透率级差	含水/ %	采出程度/ %
埕4馆3-4砂组	44.0	2 550	10.1	96.7	41.4
埕24馆2-3砂组	44.0	2 520	10.1	95.9	28.9
胜二区沙二3砂组	11.0	2 100	4.1	93.0	28.0
胜一区坨103沙二 8砂组	2.5	372	11.9	93.7	46.8
胜二区沙二8砂组 3-5小层	24.0	2 400	5.8	93.5	30.5
孤东七西馆5砂组 2-3小层	38.4	1 767	1.7	96.3	36.4
孤岛中二中馆5砂组	298.0	1 870	10.5	92.4	20.7
坨28块东一段	409.0	816	3.3	93.0	11.6
平均值				94.3	30.5

序号	渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	含水/ %	采出程度/ %	注入倍数	是否上翘	瞬间吸水量/（mL/min）
1	3 042	98.7	58.4	5.40	是	2.870
2	2 141	85.0	39.3	1.10	否	1.607
3	1 035	74.5	27.9	0.53	否	0.023
合采	2 072	96.0	46.6	2.40	是	4.500

沉积相	第一种平板模型渗透率/10^-3 μm²			第二种平板模型渗透率/10^-3 μm²
沉积相	左区	中区	右区	左区	中区	右区
河道边缘Ⅲ	575	500	571	496	500	513
河道边缘Ⅱ	972	1 000	939	2 280	2 000	2 180
主河道Ⅰ	2 830	3 000	2940	4 990	5 000	4 950
河道边缘Ⅱ	967	1 000	930	2 140	2 000	2 250
河道边缘Ⅲ	480	500	494	498	500	506

极端耗水层带类型	剩余油分布特征	流场调控模式	典型单元
平面极端耗水带	非主流线等弱驱部分剩余油富集	井网转换	孤岛西区北馆3—4砂组
层间极端耗水层	次主力层、非主力层剩余油富集	纵向细分	胜坨油田坨11南沙二8砂组
层内极端耗水段	层内中上部剩余油富集	整体侧钻	孤东七区西馆5砂组2—3小层

极端耗水层带形成机制及流场调控增效模式——以陆相砂岩特高含水后期整装油田为例

Formation mechanism of extreme water consumption zone and synergistic mode of flow field regulation: A case study of uncompartmentalized oilfield of continental sandstone in the late stage of ultra-high water cut

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 14

参考文献 28

相关文章 3

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10

[1]	桑树勋,刘世奇,陆诗建,朱前林,王猛,韩思杰,刘统,郑司建. 工程化CCUS全流程技术及其进展 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(5): 711-725.
[2]	何希鹏,高玉巧,何贵松,张培先,刘明,孙斌,汪凯明,周頔娜,任建华. 渝东南南川页岩气田地质特征及勘探开发关键技术 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 305-316.
[3]	王彦祺,贺庆,龙志平. 渝东南地区页岩气钻完井技术主要进展及发展方向 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 356-364.