低级别逆断层对页岩气富集高产影响研究——以四川盆地东南缘南川地区平桥东1断层为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

南川地区位于四川盆地东南缘的复杂构造区，低级别逆断层较为发育，基于区域构造分析及构造精细解释开展逆断层形成机制及分布规律研究，并结合地震属性预测、钻井、压裂及试气试采等资料，以平桥东1断层为例，开展了低级别逆断层对页岩储集性能、保存条件、压裂改造影响的分析，以揭示其对页岩气富集高产的影响。研究表明：南川地区低级别逆断层的形成主要受控于燕山中期—燕山晚期的江南—雪峰隆起的陆内造山作用的远程传导以及区域挤压应力场的变化影响，其走向整体呈北东向、北北东向，断层规模较小。平桥东1断层伴生大量天然裂缝，有效改善了储集性能，且未破坏保存条件，有利于页岩气富集成藏、地应力释放及压裂改造形成复杂缝网，实现单井高产。低级别断层附近可作为目标优选和井位部署的有利区，有效指导了复杂构造区页岩气勘探开发。

关键词: 南川地区, 平桥东1断层, 低级别逆断层, 页岩气, 富集高产

Abstract:

Located in the complex structural area of the southeastern margin of Sichuan Basin, Nanchuan area is characterized by the prevalent development of low-level reverse faults. This study employs a combination of regional structural analysis and fine structural interpretation to explore the formation mechanisms and distribution patterns of these reverse faults. Utilizing seismic fracture-attribute prediction, drilling, fracturing, and gas test data, this research analyzes the impact of low-level reverse faults on shale reservoir performance, preservation conditions, and fracturing transformation, with a specific focus on the Pingqiao Dong-1 Fault. Findings indicate that the formation of lower-level reverse faults in the Nanchuan area, predominantly oriented NE and NNE with a small scale, was mainly influenced by the long-distance transmission of intracontinental orogeny from the Jiangnan-Xuefeng uplift and changes in the regional compressional tectonic stress field during the Middle to Late Yanshan periods. The Pingqiao Dong-1 Fault notably enhances reservoir properties through the presence of abundant natural fractures without compromising the preservation conditions. This fault alignment facilitates hydraulic fracturing processes to form complex fracture networks, leading to high production from individual wells. Further, exploration and development practices demonstrate that shale gas wells located within 400 meters of lower-level reverse faults achieve high yields, identifying these vicinities as favorable zones for target optimization and well deployment. The results from this study offer valuable insights and guidance for the exploration and development of shale gas in structurally complex regions.

Key words: Nanchuan area, Pingqiao Dong-1 Fault, lower-level reverse fault, shale gas, enrichment and high yield

中图分类号:

TE122

高全芳,张培先,关琳琳等. 低级别逆断层对页岩气富集高产影响研究——以四川盆地东南缘南川地区平桥东1断层为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 458-467.

Quanfang GAO,Peixian ZHANG,Linlin GUAN, et al. Influence of lower-level reverse faults on shale gas enrichment and high yield: A case study of Pingqiao Dong-1 Fault in Nanchuan area, southeast margin of Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(3): 458-467.

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地区		代表井	厚度/m	TOC/%	孔隙度/%	石英含量/%	黏土矿物含量/%	含气量/（m³/t）
南川地区	平桥构造带	JY194-3	34.8	3.34	3.68	50.1	32.4	4.47
	东胜构造带	SY2	30.0	3.00	4.00	49.7	33.2	4.30
	阳春沟构造带	SY5	32.0	3.30	4.00	52.8	30.1	5.15
焦石坝地区		JY1	38.0	3.90	4.70	44.9	34.0	6.64

断层级别	数量/条	断距/m	延伸距离/km	代表断层
三级断层	5	600~1 900	>25.0	青龙乡断层、龙济桥断层等
四级断层	9	100~600	2.3~21.2	平桥东1断层、平桥东2断层等
五级断层	35	<100	0.8~4.1	F₁、F₂等

井号	位于平桥东1 断层上/下盘	距平桥东1 断层距离/m	水平段埋深/ m	施工压力/ MPa	破裂压力/ MPa	停泵压力/ MPa	平均射孔压降/MPa	G函数复杂缝网占比/%
JY200-1HF	上盘	130	3 069~3 097	46.8~73.6	43~81	26~42	9.5	54.3
JY195-5HF	上盘	825	2 828~3 004	58.4~84.9	64~90	50~65	0.8	27.8
JY196-5HF	下盘	318	3 360~3 483	48.4~83.2	60~84	32~41	15.5	50.0
JY195-3HF	下盘	420	3 565~3 708	44.3~87.2	63~87	34~54	10.2	47.8