南川复杂构造带常压页岩气地质工程一体化开发实践

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2023.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

南川复杂构造带常压页岩气藏受多期构造运动影响，地质条件复杂加大了效益开发的难度。针对储层构造复杂导致“甜点”钻遇率低、机械钻速低和地应力复杂导致压裂改造效果差等难题，提出了适用于南川复杂构造带常压页岩气地质特点的地质工程一体化做法。围绕常压页岩气效益开发要求，充分利用物探、地质、钻完井及压裂等多学科知识进行综合研究，建立了地质与工程相互找问题促进步、地质与工程相互找依据促增效两个维度交互融合的一体化流程，形成了以物探、地质、工程一体化为核心的复杂构造带常压页岩气关键开发技术。通过现场实践应用，复杂构造带水平井机械钻速和靶窗钻遇率大幅提高，压裂成本不断下降，气井改造效果和产能持续提升，实现了南川常压页岩气的效益开发，为渝东南盆缘复杂构造区常压页岩气藏高效开发提供了可借鉴的技术和经验。

关键词: 复杂构造带, 常压页岩气, 地质工程一体化, 开发实践, 南川页岩气田

Abstract:

The normal pressure shale gas reservoir within the complex structural belt of Nanchuan has been subject to the influences of multiple tectonic movements. The geological conditions in this region exhibit a high degree of complexity, thereby amplifying the challenges associated with efficient resource extraction. In response, an integrated geological engineering approach, tailored to the unique geological attributes of normal pressure shale gas in the intricate structural belt of Nanchuan, has been devised. This approach is aimed at mitigating challenges such as low rates of drilling in “sweet spots”, reduced mechanical drilling speeds, and suboptimal outcomes in fracturing transformations stemming from the intricacies of geological reservoir structures. In pursuit of optimizing the development of normal shale gas resources, a comprehensive investigation was undertaken, leveraging interdisciplinary knowledge spanning geophysical exploration, geology, drilling and completion, and fracturing techniques. An integrated process was established, fostering collaborative problem-solving and the mutual enrichment of geological and engineering insights. At its core, this approach emphasizes the synergy between geophysical exploration, geology, and engineering, thereby forming a pivotal development technology tailored for normal pressure shale gas reservoirs within complex structural zones. Through practical field applications, notable enhancements have been achieved. Mechanical drilling speeds and the rate of target window drilling in complex structural areas have witnessed significant improvements. Concurrently, the costs associated with fracturing operations have been consistently reduced, yielding improved gas well fracturing outcomes and enhanced productivity. These advancements collectively culminate in the efficient development of the Nanchuan normal shale gas field. Furthermore, they offer invaluable technological insights and experiential wisdom for the efficient extraction of normal shale gas reservoirs in the intricate regions of southeastern Chongqing.

Key words: complex structural belt, normal pressure shale gas, geology-engineering integration, development practice, Nanchuan shale gas field

中图分类号:

TE319

姚红生,王伟,何希鹏等. 南川复杂构造带常压页岩气地质工程一体化开发实践[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(5): 537-547.

Hongsheng YAO,Wei WANG,Xipeng HE, et al. Development practices of geology-engineering integration in complex structural area of Nanchuan normal pressure shale gas field[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(5): 537-547.

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井名	水平段长/ m	①—③小层钻遇率/%	主要影响因素
JY19X-1HF	1 500	86.1	水平段末端定向能力不达标
JY19X-3HF	1 612	87.0	层位误判
JY21X-1HF	1 240	73.3	水平段末端定向能力不达标
SY12X-3HF	1 412	85.1	层位误判
SY14X-5HF	2 615	76.4	水平段末端定向能力不达标
SY31X-2HF	1 970	77.3	仪器解码错误
SY33X-2HF	2 139	48.3	仪器解码错误

层号	电性	物性	含气性	可压性	复合钻进/ (min/m)	滑动钻进/ (min/m)	扭矩波动值
③	中高自然伽马，中高电阻	中高TOC、中高孔隙度、中高脆性矿物	中高含气性	中高破裂压力、中高应力	1~3	4~7	1~2 kN·m
②上	低自然伽马、低电阻	低TOC、低孔隙度、低脆性矿物	低含气性	中高破裂压力、中高应力	5~10	10~15	2~6 kN·m
②下	高自然伽马、低电阻	中高TOC、高孔隙度、中高脆性矿物	中高含气性	高破裂压力、高应力	2~4	5~9	扭矩绝对值较③小，较平稳
①上	中高自然伽马，中高电阻	高TOC、高孔隙度、高脆性矿物	高含气性	中低破裂压力、中低应力	2~4	5~9	扭矩绝对值较③小，较平稳
①下	中自然伽马，中低电阻	中低TOC、高孔隙度、低脆性矿物	中含气性	高破裂压力、高应力	3~7	9~13	扭矩绝对值较③小，波动范围较③大

开次		PDC钻头钻压/kN	排量/（L/S）	立压/MPa	钻头压降/MPa	钻头水功率/kW	射流冲击力/N	射流速度/（m/s)
一开	优化前	120~140	55	14.71	1.92	105.79	3 901.5	48.92
一开	优化后	160~220	70	25.54	8.44	506.32	8 915.0	102.47
二开	优化前	60~120	29	27.25	2.22	74.19	2 543.7	52.63
二开	优化后	140~200	34	31.66	4.29	117.51	4 311.4	74.03