页岩气储层多期构造应力场反演与裂缝演化

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.04.005

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (4): 560-568.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.04.005

页岩气储层多期构造应力场反演与裂缝演化

王嘉伟¹(),张伯虎^1,²(),胡尧¹,何政毅¹,胡欣欣¹,陈伟¹,罗超³

1.西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院，四川成都610500
2.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室，四川成都610500
3.中国石油西南油气田公司页岩气研究院，四川成都610056

收稿日期:2023-11-03 出版日期:2024-08-26 发布日期:2024-09-10
通讯作者: 张伯虎（1978—），男，博士，教授，主要从事深部岩石力学及地质力学方面的教学与研究工作。地址：四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号，邮政编码：610500。E-mail：zbh_cd@126.com
作者简介:王嘉伟（1999—），男，在读硕士研究生，主要从事地应力反演与多期地质构造方面的研究。地址：四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号，邮政编码：610500。E-mail：1273761445@qq.com
基金资助:
中国石油天然气集团公司-西南石油大学创新联合体合作项目“川南深层海相页岩气多幕构造演化及构造裂缝预测技术研究”(2020CX020100);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“长宁—威远地区筇竹寺组和五峰组—龙马溪组页岩储层特征对比及含气性控制因素研究”(41502150)

Inversion of multiphase tectonic stress field and fracture evolution in shale gas reservoirs

WANG Jiawei¹(),ZHANG Bohu^1,²(),HU Yao¹,HE Zhengyi¹,HU Xinxin¹,CHEN Wei¹,LUO Chao³

1. School of Geoscience and technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
3. Shale Gas Research Institute of Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610056, China

Received:2023-11-03 Online:2024-08-26 Published:2024-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

川南泸州区块五峰组—龙马溪组的页岩气蕴藏量大，构造运动使地应力局部集中，从而引起裂缝和断层的产生，对页岩气的勘探开发有较大影响。为了优选页岩气勘探区，采用地震综合资料、古构造图和岩石力学参数测试等方法，运用神经网络算法和地质力学建模方法，对研究区多期古构造应力场进行反演，并对应力影响下的储层裂缝发育规律进行预测。研究结果表明：采用数值模拟和神经网络算法，可以进行多期构造作用下的地应力场反演。多期构造运动使地应力发生调整变化，地层背斜部位应力较为集中，背斜核部受到强烈构造作用而发生破裂，应力逐步释放；多期构造运动使储层岩石承受的应力逐步变化，易出现破裂带而形成断层，应力逐步减小；原有断层周边裂缝发育较为强烈，易出现应力衰减区域，从而出现多而短的小型裂缝。现今应力场受多期构造运动综合影响，分布较复杂，裂缝发育规律性不强，对页岩气钻井、开发等影响较大。研究成果对深层页岩气的勘探开发具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 页岩气储层, 多期构造运动, 应力场反演, 裂缝演化, 神经网络算法

Abstract:

The shale gas reserves in the Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation of the Luzhou Block in southern Sichuan are substantial. Tectonic movements alter the ground stress, significantly impacting the exploration and development of shale gas. To optimize exploration areas for deep shale, methods such as seismic comprehensive data, ancient structural maps, and rock mechanics parameter testing have been employed. Additionally, neural network algorithms and geological mechanics modeling analysis have been used to invert the stress field of ancient geological structures across multiple stages within the study area and to predict the development of reservoir fractures influenced by stress. The research indicates that numerical simulation methods and neural network algorithms effectively invert the crustal stress field across multiple stages. Tectonic movements have altered the crustal stress, concentrating it in the stratigraphic anticline. Here, the core of the anticline, affected by strong tectonic activity, is fractured, gradually releasing stress. The ongoing multi-stage tectonic movements have facilitated changes in the stress of the reservoir rock, making the fracture zone conducive to fault formation with decreasing stress over time. Around the original faults, crack development is pronounced, leading to stress attenuation zones prone to numerous, short, small cracks. The current stress field, shaped by multiple tectonic periods, presents a complex distribution and irregular crack development, significantly influencing shale gas drilling and development. These findings offer valuable insights for the exploration and development of deep shale gas.

Key words: shale gas reservoirs, multiphase tectonic movement, inversion of stress field, fracture evolution, neural network algorithm

中图分类号:

TE121

王嘉伟, 张伯虎, 胡尧, 何政毅, 胡欣欣, 陈伟, 罗超. 页岩气储层多期构造应力场反演与裂缝演化[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 560-568.

WANG Jiawei, ZHANG Bohu, HU Yao, HE Zhengyi, HU Xinxin, CHEN Wei, LUO Chao. Inversion of multiphase tectonic stress field and fracture evolution in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(4): 560-568.

图/表 13

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

图6

表2

表3

神经网络训练样本"

序号	X向荷载/MPa	Y向荷载/MPa	Z向荷载/MPa
1	45.00	65.00	12.00
2	47.00	67.00	12.00
3	49.00	69.00	12.00
4	51.00	71.00	12.00
5	53.00	73.00	14.00
$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
11	65.00	85.00	26.00
$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
25	93.00	113.00	54.00

表3

表4

图7

图8

图9

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岩层（断层）	密度ρ/（g/cm³）	弹性模量E/GPa	泊松比v
须家河组—自流井组	2.800	18.193	0.278
飞仙关组—须家河组	2.590	20.404	0.268
龙马溪组—飞仙关组	2.510	21.560	0.224
五峰组—龙马溪组	2.572	22.430	0.212
筇竹寺组	2.700	24.410	0.158
断层F1—F6	2.500	14.000	0.300
断层F7—F8	2.500	12.000	0.300

构造运动期次	各取样方向的Kaiser应力/MPa				三向主应力/MPa
构造运动期次	垂直	0°	45°	90°	X方向	Y方向	Z方向
第Ⅰ期	45.52	57.49	44.46	42.70	56.10	74.69	60.94
第Ⅱ期	49.72	61.86	45.94	48.10	58.88	81.58	64.86
第Ⅲ期	57.22	73.29	49.34	53.00	61.31	95.58	72.73
第Ⅳ期	70.72	84.05	54.21	56.00	64.19	106.46	86.02

主应力方向	第Ⅰ期			第Ⅱ期			第Ⅲ期			第Ⅳ期
主应力方向	Kaiser值/MPa	模拟值/MPa	符合率/ %	Kaiser值/MPa	模拟值/MPa	符合率/ %	Kaiser值/MPa	模拟值/MPa	符合率/ %	Kaiser值/MPa	模拟值/MPa	符合率/ %
X方向	56.10	54.21	96.60	58.88	57.25	97.20	63.31	62.33	98.50	64.19	61.91	95.37
Y方向	74.69	71.56	95.80	81.58	79.89	97.90	97.58	94.26	96.59	106.46	107.60	98.93
Z方向	60.94	61.80	98.60	64.86	64.21	99.36	72.73	75.02	96.95	104.51	109.20	95.50

页岩气储层多期构造应力场反演与裂缝演化

Inversion of multiphase tectonic stress field and fracture evolution in shale gas reservoirs

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