煤层压裂缝内支撑剂输送物理模拟研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2020.04.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究支撑剂沉降对煤层裂缝中铺砂形态的影响,在前人研究的基础上,通过物理模拟来探究支撑剂的沉降运移规律。利用可视化支撑剂输送物理模拟装置,直观便捷地模拟压裂过程中支撑剂在裂缝内的铺置形态。在充分考虑压裂施工实际和雷诺数相似的基础上,设计单因素变化对支撑剂铺砂形态的影响实验,采用平衡高度和平衡时间作为表征参数,前期利用单缝定量分析不同泵注排量、砂比和支撑剂粒径的支撑剂沉降运移规律,后期添加一条分支缝,分析不同支撑剂粒径在主缝和分支缝中的支撑剂沉降运移规律。结果表明,泵注排量越小,砂比越大,粒径越大,砂堤的平衡高度越高;排量越小,砂比越小,粒径越小,平衡时间越长;分支缝与主裂缝分布规律相似,且平衡高度比主裂缝低,平衡时间也更长。

关键词: 煤层, 裂缝, 支撑剂, 沉降运移规律, 物理模拟

Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of proppant settlement on the laying form of sand in coal seam cracks, the physical simulation is used to study the rules of proppant settlement and migration based on the previous researches. The visual physical simulation device of proppant transportation can directly and conveniently simulate the proppant placement in the fractures. Fully considering the in-site fracturing construction and the similarity of Reynolds number, the experiment for the influence of single factor change on the sand laying form of proppant is designed. The equilibrium height and time are used as the characterization parameters. In the early stage, the proppant settlement and migration rules of different pump injection displacement, sand ratio and proppant particle sizes are quantitatively analyzed by single crack. In the later stage, a branch crack is added to analyze the rules of proppant settlement and migration in the main crack and branch crack under the condition of different particle sizes of proppant. The results show that the smaller the pump displacement is, the higher the equilibrium height of sand dike will be if the sand ratio and particle size are larger and larger, and the longer the equilibrium time will be if the sand ratio and particle size are smaller and smaller; the distribution rule of branch crack is similar to that of main crack, the equilibrium height is lower than that of main fracture, and the equilibrium time is longer.

Key words: coal seam, cracks, proppant, law of settlement and migration, physical simulation

中图分类号:

TE371

李小刚,舒鸫锟,张平等. 煤层压裂缝内支撑剂输送物理模拟研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2020, 10(4): 39-44.

Xiaogang LI,Dongkun SHU,Ping ZHANG, et al. Physical simulation of proppant transportation in artificial fractures of coal seam[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(4): 39-44.

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实验号	泵注排量/ （m³·min^-1）	实际施工排量（单翼）/（m³·min^-1）	砂比/ %	支撑剂类型	粒径/ 目	分支缝
1	0.08	4.2	7	石英砂	20/40	无
2	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	20/40	无
3	0.10	5.2	4	石英砂	20/40	无
4	0.10	5.2	10	石英砂	20/40	无
5	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	30/50	无
6	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	40/70	无
7	0.12	6.3	7	石英砂	20/40	无
8	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	20/40	有
9	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	30/50	有
10	0.10	5.2	7	石英砂	40/70	有

实验号	排量/ （m³·min^-1）	砂比/ %	支撑剂类型	粒径/目	分支缝	平衡时刻/s	平衡高度/cm
1	0.08	7	石英砂	20/40	无	77	32
2	0.10	7	石英砂	20/40	无	57	29
3	0.10	4	石英砂	20/40	无	62	27
4	0.10	10	石英砂	20/40	无	51	31
5	0.10	7	石英砂	30/50	无	86	26
6	0.10	7	石英砂	40/70	无	183	22
7	0.12	7	石英砂	20/40	无	51	27

实验号	排量/ （m³·min^-1）	砂比 /%	支撑剂类型	粒径 /目	分支缝	主缝平衡时刻/s	主缝平衡高度/cm	分支缝平衡时刻/s	分支缝平衡高度/cm
8	0.10	7	石英砂	20/40	有	70	38	77	34
9	0.10	7	石英砂	30/50	有	79	36	85	31
10	0.10	7	石英砂	40/70	有	108	33	215	29

实验号	排量/ （m³·min^-1）	砂比/ %	支撑剂类型	粒径/目	分支缝	平衡时刻/ s	平衡高度/cm
1	0.08	7	石英砂	20/40	无	77	32
2	0.10	7	石英砂	20/40	无	57	29
7	0.12	7	石英砂	20/40	无	51	27

实验号	排量/ （m³·min^-1）	砂比/ %	支撑剂类型	粒径/ 目	分支缝	平衡时刻/ s	平衡高度/cm
3	0.1	4	石英砂	20/40	无	62	27
2	0.1	7	石英砂	20/40	无	57	29
4	0.1	10	石英砂	20/40	无	51	31