基于三维地震的浅层地质灾害评估方法——以南海某深水工区为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海上油气勘探逐渐由浅水向深水挺进,而南海深水油气资源潜力巨大。通常,深水勘探项目工程规模体量大,项目管理要求高,调查难度大。由于海洋气候环境多变、地质环境相对复杂、调查船舶和调查设备专业性强、水下定位精度要求高等因素,深水调查区域在委托技术要求、工程资金成本、作业安全风险方面显著高于浅水工区。在南海某深水工区,利用三维地震数据体的海底拾取、过井剖面、最大负振幅、地震切片等,评估工区水深、海底地貌、浅地层、断层、振幅异常等调查内容,对浅层地质情况进行灾害预测、安全评估,为目标油气矿区的水下工程设施系统的就位、安装、生产等提供指引。依据三维地震数据探究一种相对简易而实用的深海浅层地质灾害评估的方法技术,作为海上油气工程项目EPCI（设计、采办、建造、安装总承包方式）全生命周期中的组成部分,为工程计划顺利开展提供必要支撑。

关键词: 浅层灾害, 最大负振幅, 地震切片, 三维地震, 深水工区, 南海

Abstract:

The offshore oil and gas exploration is gradually advancing deeper. Meanwhile, the South China Sea has great potential for deep-water oil and gas resources. Generally, for the deep water exploration, the project scale is large, the requirements of the project management are high, and the investigation is difficult. Due to the factors such as the changeable marine climate environment, the relatively complex geological environment, the professional survey vessels or survey equipment, and the high requirement of underwater positioning accuracy, the commissioned technical requirements, project capital cost and operation safety risk in the deep water survey area are significantly higher than those in the shallow area. In a deep-water work area in the South China Sea, the seabed picking up, well pass section, maximum negative amplitu de and seismic slice of the 3D seismic data are used to evaluate the bathymetry, seabed topography, shallow strata, faults, amplitude anomalies and other investigation contents of the work area, so as to carry out the disaster prediction and safety assessment of the shallow geological conditions to guide the emplacement, installation and production of the underwater engineering facilities system in the target oil and gas mining area. Based on the 3D seismic data, a relatively simple and practical method for geological hazard assessment in shallow layer of the deep water is explored. As a part of the desktop research stage in the whole life cycle of EPCI （Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Installation）, this method provides necessary support for the smooth development of the project plan.

Key words: shallow hazards, maximum negative amplitude, seismic slice, 3D seismic, deep-water work area, the South China Sea

中图分类号:

TE58

柯萃干,罗进华,刘双双等. 基于三维地震的浅层地质灾害评估方法——以南海某深水工区为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(5): 716-723.

Cuigan KE,Jinhua LUO,Shuangshuang LIU, et al. Shallow geohazard evaluation method based on 3D seismic: A case study of a deep-water work area in the South China Sea[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(5): 716-723.

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