鄂西地区下震旦统陡山沱组二段剖面特征及页岩气地质意义

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着黄陵背斜南翼下震旦统陡山沱组全球最古老页岩气的首次发现,该层系暗色页岩的含气性已获得证实。陡山沱组二段作为主力含气页岩层段分布广、沉积厚度大、页岩质量好。在鄂西地区选取典型的三斗坪镇头顶石村早震旦世剖面进行了地质测量,并针对陡山沱组二段开展小层划分和特征描述工作,证实该地区陡山沱组二段是一套具备生气潜力的白云质岩性组合。结合临近地质调查井秭地2井岩心资料及其测试分析数据,综合探讨了鄂西地区陡山沱组二段沉积特征、生烃条件和储层条件。认为该层段含气性受高演化程度的有机质丰度控制,依赖纳米级孔隙和微裂缝的吸附气是该常压层段页岩气的主要组成部分。

关键词: 页岩气, 资源潜力, 陡山沱组, 震旦系, 鄂西地区

Abstract:

With the first discovery of the world's oldest shale gas in Doushantuo Formation of the Lower Sinian in the southern wing of the Huangling anticline, the gas-bearing property of the dark shale has been confirmed. As the main gas-bearing shale bed, the second member of Doushantuo Formation has wide distribution, large sedimentary thickness and good shale quality. Based on the geological survey, and the layers division and characterization of the typical Early Sinian outcrop in Toudingshi Village, Sandouping Town, western Hubei, it is proved that the second member of Doushantuo Formation in this area is a set of dolomitic lithologic assemblage with potential for gas generation. Combined with the core data of the adjacent geological survey Well-ZD-2, the sedimentary characteristics, hydrocarbon generation and reservoir conditions are comprehensively discussed. Results show that the high evolutionary level of the kerogen controls the formation gas content. The adsorbed gas which depends on the Nanometer pores and micro-fractures, is the main component of shale gas in the normal formation pressure.

Key words: shale gas, resource potential, Doushantuo Formation, Sinian System, western Hubei

中图分类号:

TE132

李浩涵,包书景,张焱林等. 鄂西地区下震旦统陡山沱组二段剖面特征及页岩气地质意义[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(1): 171-180.

Haohan LI,Shujing BAO,Yanlin ZHANG, et al. Outcrop characteristics and shale gas geological significance of the second member in Doushantuo Formation of Lower Sinian in western Hubei[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(1): 171-180.

图/表 10

图1

图2

表1

头顶石剖面丈量数据"

序号	地层单元						分层描述	采样位置
序号	系	统	组	段	斜距（m）	真厚度（m）	分层描述	采样位置
25	震旦系	下统	陡山沱组	二段	4.50	1.20	为浅灰色中—厚层粉晶白云岩,可见磷质结核发育
24					5.50	1.40	为浅灰色中—厚层粉晶白云岩夹炭质页岩。该层发育小型正断层,错断23—24层, 断面产状210 °∠32 °,断面两侧岩层未见明显变形,断距约50 cm
23					8.00	2.30	灰黑色炭质页岩
22					19.00	5.40	深灰色薄—中层粉晶白云岩夹炭质页岩,前者单层厚度4~20 cm
21					17.50	5.00	灰黑色炭质页岩
20					2.50	0.70	深灰色中层状粉晶白云岩,单层厚度12~18 cm
19					7.00	2.00	灰黑色炭质页岩
18					14.00	4.00	深灰色中层状粉晶白云岩,单层厚度25~35 cm
17					10.00	1.60	灰黑色炭质页岩
16					9.00	1.50	深灰色薄层粉晶白云岩夹深灰色炭质泥质白云岩,前者单层厚度4~10cm	样品3
15					8.00	1.90	深灰色薄—中层粉晶白云岩、泥晶白云岩夹灰黑色碳质泥质白云岩,发育磷质结核
14					25.00	3.10	层岩性均为深灰色薄层泥质白云岩,单层厚度2~8 cm。根据磷质结核的发育程度,可细分为3层：0~8 m为14-1层（厚度1.2m）,8~11 m为14-2层（厚度0.4m）,11~22 m为14-3层（厚度1.6 m）。其中14-2层发育磷质结核,磷质结核长轴沿层面方向定向排列,砾径约1~2 cm,水平层理清晰可见
13					22.00	1.00	深灰色薄—中层泥质白云岩,单层厚度4~18 cm
12					50.00	4.60	深灰色薄层炭质泥质白云岩,单层厚度4~8 cm
11					27.00	2.30	深灰色薄—中层纹层状含炭泥-微晶白云岩,单层厚度5~15 cm	样品2
10					24.00	0.90	灰黑色薄层状炭质泥质白云岩,单层厚度2~6 cm
9					16.00	1.40	浅灰色薄—中层微晶白云岩与灰黑色炭质泥质白云岩互层。前者单层厚度6~18 cm
8					10.00	0.80	浅灰色炭质泥质白云岩
7					20.00	1.60	深灰色薄—中层粉晶白云岩夹炭质页岩。粉晶白云岩以中层为主,夹少量薄层,单层厚度8~20 cm
6					20.00	1.60	灰黑色炭质纹层状泥—微晶白云岩,单层厚度2~4 cm	样品1
5					29.50	4.60	深灰色中层状灰质白云岩夹炭质白云质页岩。前者单层厚度10~25 cm
4					6.00	1.50	为陡山沱组二段浅灰色薄层含黄铁矿含藻砂屑含灰质微晶白云岩,单层厚度2~8 cm
3				一段	4.50	1.40	浅灰色厚层粉晶白云岩,单层厚度大于70 cm, 含燧石条带
2					4.00	1.20	灰白色薄层粉晶白云岩、泥晶白云岩,单层厚度5~10 cm,水平层理发育
1					5.00	0.70	为陡山沱组一段浅灰色厚层块状含砾藻砂屑白云岩,砾石大小混杂,砾径在8~18 cm,分选较差,磨圆较差,岩层表面可见硅质纹层,砂屑白云岩单层厚度50~120 cm
平行不整合
0	南华系	上统	南沱组		18.00	2.50	为南沱组灰绿色块状含冰碛砾砂泥岩,中粗砂砾岩。粉砂砾岩,夹灰绿色块状冰碛含泥质粉砂砾岩。砾石含量较少,10 %以下,分选较差,2~25 cm不等,磨圆较好。

表1

图3

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

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序号	岩石类型	总有机碳含量（%）	镜质体反射率（%）	腐泥组（%）		壳质组（%）		腐殖无定形（%）	镜质组（%）	惰质组（%）	类型指数	类型	渗透率（10^-3 μm²）	孔隙度（%）	岩石密度（g/cm³）	全岩定量分析（%）
序号	岩石类型	总有机碳含量（%）	镜质体反射率（%）	无定形	藻质体	孢粉体	其他	腐殖无定形（%）	镜质组（%）	惰质组（%）	类型指数	类型	渗透率（10^-3 μm²）	孔隙度（%）	岩石密度（g/cm³）	黏土总量	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	白云石	黄铁矿	菱铁矿	石膏
1	纹层状含炭泥—微晶白云岩	0.43	3.24	74						26	48	Ⅱ₁	0.000 68	2.38	2.46	7	35			2	54	2
2	纹层状含炭泥—微晶白云岩	0.69	3.21	80						20	60	Ⅱ₁	0.000 95	1.16	2.56	1	28			4	67
3	纹层状含炭含粉砂微—泥晶白云岩	0.35	2.91	76						24	52	Ⅱ₁	0.000 76	2.73	2.49	3	28				69