相控叠前地质统计学反演在储层预测中的应用——以四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组二段致密砂岩储层为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川盆地川西坳陷新场构造带高庙子气田须家河组二段致密砂岩气藏多套砂体叠置，相变明显，表现为“整体富砂、局部含气”的特征，但有效储层发育段与泥岩的阻抗相当，常规叠后反演方法难以准确预测砂体边界及优质储层分布。在须二段地质特征研究基础上，首先开展有利相带边界识别及预测研究，并结合岩石物理敏感参数分析，开展相控约束下叠前地质统计学反演研究，实现对有效储层与泥岩层劈分，进而完成了相控有效储层预测。预测结果不仅提高了砂体识别精度，同时也提高了有效储层预测的可靠性，预测结果与实际钻井吻合度较高。该预测技术有效支撑了合兴场气田储量提交和探井井位部署，已产生了一定的油气效益。

关键词: 致密砂岩, 地震相, 敏感参数, 叠前地质统计学反演, 有效储层预测

Abstract:

The second member of Xujiahe Formation in Gaomiaozi Gas Field, located in Xinchang fault zone of western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin, is a typical tight sandstone gas reservoir with multiple layers of superimposed sand bodies. The sand bodies exhibit clear transverse phase transitions, characterized as “overall sand rich, locally gas rich”. However, due to the impedance of the high-quality reservoir being similar to that of mudstone, traditional post-stack inversion methods struggle to accurately delineate the boundaries of the sand body and the distribution of high-quality reservoir zones.To address these challenges, the study initially focused on identifying and predicting the boundary of the favorable facies zones based on the geological characteristics of the second member of Xujiahe Formation. This was complemented by an analysis of sensitive petrophysical parameters. Subsequently, a pre-stack geostatistical inversion study was conducted under phase control constraints. This approach enabled the differentiation between effective reservoirs and mudstone, culminating in an accurate prediction of phase-controlled effective reservoirs. The results of this predictive technology not only enhanced the accuracy of identifying sand bodies but also improved the reliability of predicting effective reservoirs. The outcomes closely matched the actual drilling results. This prediction technology has significantly supported the reserve submission and the strategic deployment of exploration well locations in the Hexingchang gas field, yielding substantial oil and gas benefits.

Key words: tight sandstone, seismic facies, sensitive parameter, prestack geostatistical inversion, effective reservoir prediction

中图分类号:

TE122

赖未蓉,杨国鹏,宋沛东,章顺利,王铮. 相控叠前地质统计学反演在储层预测中的应用——以四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组二段致密砂岩储层为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 586-592.

LAI Weirong,YANG Guopeng,SONG Peidong,ZHANG Shunli,WANG Zheng. Application of facies-controlled prestack geostatistical inversion in reservoir prediction: A case study of tight sandstone reservoir in the second member of Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(4): 586-592.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 23

[1]	阎丽妮, 朱宏权, 叶素娟, 等. 新场构造带须家河组二段“饼状”缝的成因及油气地质意义[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(5): 559-568.
	YAN Lini, ZHU Hongquan, YE Sujuan, et al. Origin of “cake-like” fractures and its significance for gas exploration in the second member of Xujiahe Formation of Xinchang structural belt[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(5): 559-568.
[2]	杨克明. 川西坳陷须家河组天然气成藏模式探讨[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2006, 27(6): 786-793.
	YANG Keming. Gas reservoiring mode in Xujiahe Formation of western Sichuan depression[J]. Oil ＆ Gas Geology, 2006, 27(6): 786-793.
[3]	吴小平, 汪彤彤. 电阻率三维反演方法研究进展[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2002, 17(1): 156-162.
	WU Xiaoping, WANG Tongtong. Progress of study on 3D resistivity inversion methods[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2002, 17(1): 156-162.
[4]	杨孛, 李瑞, 杨滔. 白马庙须家河薄互层储层预测方法与应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2012, 34(6): 685-690.
	YANG Bo, LI Rui, YANG Tao. Xujiahe thin interbedded reservoir prediction methods and applications in Baimamiao[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2012, 34(6): 685-690.
[5]	GONZÁLEZ E F, MUKERJI T, MAVKO G. Seismic inversion combining rock physics and multiple-point geostatistics[J]. Geophysics, 2008, 73(1): R11-R21.
[6]	BORDIGNON F L, De FIGUEIREDO L P, AZEVEDO L, et al. Hybrid global stochastic and Bayesian linearized acoustic seismic inversion methodology[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2017, 55(8): 4457-4464.
[7]	YANG X W, MAO N B, ZHU P M. Hybrid inversion of reservoir parameters based on cosimulation and the gradual deformation method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing, 2022, 60: 5913211.
[8]	钱玉贵, 叶泰然, 张世华, 等. 叠前地质统计学反演技术在复杂储层量化预测中的应用[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(6): 834-840.
	QIAN Yugui, YE Tairan, ZHANG Shihua, et al. Application of pre-stack geo-statistics inversion technology in quantitative prediction of complex reservoirs[J]. Oil ＆ Gas Geology, 2013, 34(6): 834-840.
[9]	叶艳, 王元君, 周怀来, 等. 地质统计学反演在什邡气田A区块储层预测中的应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2015, 37(2): 236-241.
	YE Yan, WANG Yuanjun, ZHOU Huailai, et al. Application of geostatistical inversion to reservoir prediction in Shifang gas field[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2015, 37(2): 236-241.
[10]	何火华, 李少华, 杜家元, 等. 利用地质统计学反演进行薄砂体储层预测[J] .物探与化探, 2011, 35(6): 804-808.
	HE Huohua, LI Shaohua, DU Jiayuan, et al. The application of geostatistic inversion method to predicting the thin sandstone reservoir[J]. Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, 2011, 35(6): 804-808.
[11]	伍新和, 林良彪, 张玺华. 地震波形分析技术在川西新场地区沉积微相研究中的应用[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 40(4): 409-416.
	WU Xinhe, LIN Liangbiao, ZHANG Xihua. Application of seismic waveform analysis technology in studying sedimentary microfacies of Xinchang region in West Sichuan, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 2013, 40(4): 409-416.
[12]	张国华, 张会星. 地质统计学反演与常规反演在储层预测中的应用效果对比分析[J] .中国煤炭地质, 2015, 27(4): 57-62.
	ZHANG Guohua, ZHANG Huixing. Geostatistical inversion and conventional inversion application effect contrastive analysis in reservoir prediction[J]. Coal Geology of China, 2015, 27(4): 57-62.
[13]	闵小刚, 康安, 周守信. 基于相控地质统计学反演的薄储层岩性、物性预测[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2015, 31(3): 27-32.
	MIN Xiaogang, KANG An, ZHOU Shouxin. Lithological and physical properties prediction of thin reservoirs based on facies-controlled geo-statistical inversion[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2015, 31(3): 27-32.
[14]	杨丽兵, 张虹, 谯述蓉, 等. 随机地震反演在川西坳陷DY构造储层预测中的应用[J]. 石油物探, 2010, 49(4): 373-379.
	YANG Libing, ZHANG Hong, QIAO Shurong, et al. Application of stochastic seismic inversion on reservoir prediction of DY structure in Western Sichuan Depression[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2010, 49(4): 373-379.
[15]	张义, 尹艳树, 秦志勇, 等. 地质统计学反演在薄砂体储层预测中的应用[J]. 断块油气田, 2015, 22(5): 565-569.
	ZHANG Yi, YIN Yanshu, QIN Zhiyong, et al. Application of geostatistical inversion in thin sand reservoir prediction[J]. Fault Block Oil & Gas Field, 2015, 22(5): 565-569.
[16]	白桦, 杨晓, 熊艳, 等. 川中地区凉高山组湖岸线识别及致密油气有利区[J]. 天然气工业, 2022, 42(2): 40-49.
	BAI Hua, YANG Xiao, XIONG Yan, et al. Determination of Lianggaoshan Formation lake strandline and favorable tight oil and gas areas in the central Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2022, 42(2): 40-49.
[17]	范洪军, 范廷恩, 王晖, 等. 地震波形分类技术在河流相储层研究中的应用[J]. CT理论与应用研究, 2014, 23(1): 71-80.
	FAN Hongjun, FAN Ting'en, WANG Hui, et al. Application of seismic waveform classification technology in the study of fluvial reservoir[J]. CT Theory and Applications, 2014, 23(1): 71-80.
[18]	贾秀容, 谢春安, 李恒权, 等. 地震波形分类在春光探区沉积微相研究中的应用[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2019, 33(2): 36-40.
	JIA Xiurong, XIE Chun'an, LI Hengquan, et al. Application of waveform classification in sedimentary microfacies of Chunguang exploratory area[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2019, 33(2): 36-40.
[19]	董洪超, 范洪军, 王宗俊, 等. 基于精细地层格架的古近系储层相控反演技术研究[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2021, 43(2): 154-160.
	DONG Hongchao, FAN Hongjun, WANG Zongjun, et al. Facies-constrained inversion technology of paleogene reservoir based on fine stratigraphic framework[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2021, 43(2): 154-160.
[20]	陈美伊, 秦月霜, 王建民, 等. 基于等时相控反演的致密砂岩储层地震识别方法[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2016, 51(4): 782-791.
	CHEN Meiyi, QIN Yueshuang, WANG Jianmin, et al. Tight sandstone reservoir identification based on isochronal phase-controlled inversion[J]. Geophysical Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 51(4): 782-791.
[21]	张生, 黄捍东, 王星星, 等. 车西洼陷西北陡坡沙三下亚段地震相控反演砂砾岩储层预测[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(2): 210-220. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.yx.2017-6-3
	ZHANG Sheng, HUANG Handong, WANG Xingxing, et al. Prediction of sand-conglomerate reservoirs via seismic facies controlled inversion in the Lower Es-3 of the northern steep slope of the Chexi Sag[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2018, 25(2): 210-220. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.yx.2017-6-3
[22]	赵宝银, 张明. 相控叠前地质统计学反演方法在低渗油藏优质储层预测中的应用——以A区沙三段3亚段V油组为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(4): 666-676.
	ZHAO Baoyin, ZHANG Ming. Application of facies-controlled prestack geostatistical inversion method in high quality reservoir prediction of low permeability reservoir: A case study of V Oil Formation of Es³₃ in Block A[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(4): 666-676.
[23]	韩磊, 刘俊州, 杨睿, 等. 基于VTI介质的叠前弹性阻抗反演方法应用——以川西坳陷须家河组致密砂岩裂缝性储层为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(2): 313-319.
	HAN Lei, LIU Junzhou, YANG Rui, et al. Application of pre-stack elastic impedance inversion method based on VTI medium: A case of tight sandstone fractured reservoir in Xujiahe Formation, Western Sichuan Depression[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(2): 313-319.