油气藏评价与开发 >
2021 , Vol. 11 >Issue 5: 669 - 679
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.05.002
墨西哥湾天然气水合物富集特征与成藏机制——以WR313和GC955研究区为例
收稿日期: 2021-01-28
网络出版日期: 2021-10-12
基金资助
中国石化科技部项目“天然气水合物动态跟踪”(P19003);中国石化科技部项目“天然气水合物资源评价与选区研究”(P20040-1)
Enrichment characteristics and accumulation mechanism of natural gas hydrate in the Gulf of Mexico: Cases study of study area WR313 and GC955
Received date: 2021-01-28
Online published: 2021-10-12
作为全球天然气水合物热点研究区,墨西哥湾水合物勘探研究已进行了数十年,特别是在WR313和GC955区集中开展了水合物富集成藏特征研究。基于大量水合物勘探成果,分析总结了这两个研究区水合物纵向上的分布特征、有利储层的岩相特征以及水合物富集成藏机制,从整体上反映了该海湾天然气水合物勘探研究的最新进展。WR313和GC955研究区水合物主要存在砂层孔隙充填型与泥层裂隙充填型两种赋存类型。较深部相对粗粒富砂层含有孔隙充填型水合物,饱和度通常大于80 %,可高达95 %;而较浅部泥层裂隙充填型水合物饱和度极低,平均饱和度一般低于5 %。同时,讨论了水合物富集成藏研究面临的问题,强调水合物富集成藏是一个受诸多因素影响的复杂作用过程,指出在水合物富集区优选过程中,局部富砂体的识别应受到特别重视。
赵克斌 , 孙长青 , 郭嘉琪 , 吴传芝 . 墨西哥湾天然气水合物富集特征与成藏机制——以WR313和GC955研究区为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021 , 11(5) : 669 -679 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.05.002
As a hot area in global gas hydrate research field, the hydrate exploration in the Gulf of Mexico has been carried out for decades. Especially in the selected key exploration targets, study area WR313 and GC955, the hydrate accumulation and enrichment features have been studied. Based on the gas hydrate exploration results of these two study areas, the vertical distribution, the lithofacies features of favorable reservoirs are summarized, and the hydrate accumulation mechanisms have been analyzed to reflect the latest gas hydrate exploration and research progress in this gulf. The gas hydrate exploration results indicate that there are mainly two occurrence types of gas hydrates existing in these study areas, namely, the pore-filling type in sand and the fracture-filling type in mud. The pore-filling type occurs in the deeper sand-rich sediments with relatively coarse grains, and the hydrate saturation is normally greater than 80 %, and may be up to 95 %; whereas the fracture-filling type occurs in the shallower clay dominant sediments with the low gas hydrate saturation generally less than 5 %. In addition, the main problems existing in the research of the gas hydrate accumulation mechanisms also have b een discussed, emphasizing that the accumulation of gas hydrate is a complex process influenced by many factors. Meanwhile, it is also pointed out that the identification of local sand-rich bodies deserve special attention during gas hydrate accumulation selection.
| [1] | SHEDD W, BOSWELL R, FRYE M, et al. Occurrence and nature of “bottom simulating reflectors” in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34(1):31-40. |
| [2] | BOSWELL R, COLLETT T S, MCCONNELL D, et al. Joint Industry Project Leg II discovers rich gas hydrate accumulations in sand reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico[J]. Fire in the Ice, 2009, 9(3):1-5. |
| [3] | BOSWELL R, COLLETT T S, FRYE M, et al. Subsurface gas hydrates in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:4-30. |
| [4] | HILLMAN J, COOK A E, DAIGLE H, et al. Gas hydrate reservoirs and gas migration mechanisms in the Terrebonne Basin, Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2017, 86:1357-1373. |
| [5] | MCCONNELL D R, ZHANG Z J, BOSWELL R. Review of progress in evaluating gas hydrate drilling hazards[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:209-223. |
| [6] | FRYE M, SHEDD W, BOSWELL R. Gas hydrate resource potential in the Terrebonne Basin, Northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:150-168. |
| [7] | COLLETT T S, LEE M W, ZYRIANOVA M V, et al. Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II logging-while-drilling data acquisition and analysis[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:41-61. |
| [8] | KOU W W. Direct seismic indicators of gas hydrates in the walker ridge and green canyon areas, deepwater Gulf of Mexico[C]// Paper presented at the Deepwater and Ultra Deepwater Reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico session, AAPG Geoscience Technology Workshop, Houston, Texas, March 17, 2010. |
| [9] | BOSWELL R, FRYE M, SHELANDER D, et al. Architecture of gas-hydrate-bearing sands from Walker Ridge 313, Green Canyon 955, and Alaminos Canyon 21, Northern deepwater Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:134-149. |
| [10] | LEE M W, COLLETT T S. Three types of gas hydrate reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico identified in LWD data[A] In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates(ICGH 2011). Edinburgh, United Kingdom: July 17-21, 2011. |
| [11] | BOSWELL R. DOE’s natural gas hydrates program[R]. Methane Hydrate Federal Advisory Committee, Galveston, TX, 2014. |
| [12] | HAINES S S, HART P E, COLLETT T S, et al. High-resolution seismic characterization of the gas and gas hydrate system at Green Canyon 955, Gulf of Mexico, USA[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2017, 82:220-237. |
| [13] | LEE M W, COLLETT T S. Pore-filling and fracture-filling gas hydrate reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II Green Canyon 955 H well[J]. Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2012, 34:62-71. |
| [14] | FLEMINGS P B, PHILLIPS S C, BOSWELL R, et al. Pressure coring a Gulf of Mexico deep-water turbidite gas hydrate reservoir: Initial results from The University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1(UT-GOM2-1) Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2020, 104:1847-1876. |
| [15] | MEAZELL P K, FLEMINGS P B, SANTRA M, et al. Sedimentology and stratigraphy of a deep-water gas hydrate reservoir in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulltin, 2020, 104(9):1945-1970. |
| [16] | FLEMINGS P B, PHILLIPS S C, COLLETT T S, et al. UT-GOM2-1 Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition(Chapter 1. Expedition Summary)[R/OL]. , 2018. |
| [17] | PHILLIPS S C, FLEMINGS P B, HOLLAND M E, et al. High concentration methane hydrate in a silt reservoir from the deep-water Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2020, 104:1971-1995. |
| [18] | THOMAS C, PHILLIPS S C, FLEMINGS P B, et al. Pressure coring operations during the University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1(UT-GOM2-1) hydrate pressure coring expedition in Green Canyon Block 955, northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2020, 104:1877-1901. |
| [19] | MAJUMDAR U, COOK A E, SCHARENBERG M, et al. Semi-quantitative gas hydrate assessment from petroleum industry well logs in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2017, 85:233-241. |
| [20] | MACELLONI L, BRUNNER C A, CARUSO S, et al. Spatial distribution of seafloor bio-geological and geochemical processes as proxies of fluid flux regime and evolution of a carbonate/hydrates mound, northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2013, 74(1):25-38. |
| [21] | SASSEN R, SWEET S T, MILKOV A V, et al. Geology and geochemistry of gas hydrates, central Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J]. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, 1999, 49:462-468. |
| [22] | ORCUTT B N, BOETIUS A, LUGO S K, et al. Life at the edge of methane ice: Microbial cycling of carbon and sulfur in Gulf of Mexico gas hydrates[J]. Chemical Geology, 2004, 205:239-251. |
| [23] | ZHANG Z J, HAN D H, YAO Q L. Quantitative interpretation for gas hydrate accumulation in the eastern Green Canyon Area, Gulf of Mexico using seismic inversion and rock physics transform[J]. Geophysics, 2011, 76:139-150. |
| [24] | MILKOV A, SASSEN R. Estimate of gas hydrate resource, northwestern Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J]. Marine Geology, 2001, 179:71-83. |
| [25] | SASSEN R, MACKONALD I R. Evidence of structure H hydrate, Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1994, 22(6):1029-1032. |
| [26] | 陈多福, 王茂春, 徐文新, 等. 墨西哥湾西北陆坡天然气水合物资源评价[J]. 海洋地质动态, 2003, 19(12):14-17. |
| [26] | CHEN Duofu, WANG Maochun, XU Wenxin, et al. Assessment of resources and economic potential of gas hydrate in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope[J]. Marine Geology Letters, 2003, 19(12):14-17. |
| [27] | BOSWELL R, COLLET T, FRYE M, et al. Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate joint industry project leg II: Technical summary[R/OL]. (2009 -04-16)[2020-12-09].https://www.boem.gov/sites/default/files/documents//MMS2008-004.pdf. |
| [28] | HUTCHINSON D, RUPPEL C, ROBERTS H, et al. Gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico[A]. In: Holmes C(eds. ). Gulf of Mexico: Its Origin, Waters, and Biota[C]. Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2011. |
| [29] | WORRALL D M, SNELSON S. Evolution of the northern Gulf of Mexico, with emphasis on Cenozoic growth faulting and the role of salt[A]. In: Bally A W and Palmer A R(eds.). The geology of North America: An review[C]. Houston: Geological Society of America, 1989. |
| [30] | 杨传胜, 李刚, 龚建明. 墨西哥湾北部陆坡天然气水合物成藏系统[J]. 海洋地质动态, 2010, 26(3):35-39. |
| [30] | YANG Chuansheng, LI Gang, GONG Jianming. Accumulation system of gas hydrate in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Slope[J]. Marine Geology Letters, 2010, 26(3):35-39. |
| [31] | ROWAN M G, JACKSON M P A, TRUDGILL B D,. Salt-related fault families and fault welds in the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1999, 83(9):1454-1484. |
| [32] | 李前裕, 蒋少涌. 探索墨西哥湾深水沉积的超高压和流体流动过程与机理——IODP308航次钻探成果[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2006, 26(3):6,20,30. |
| [32] | LI Qianyu, JIANG Shaoyong. Exploration of the ultra-high pressure and the fluid flow fluid flow process and mechanism in deepwater sediments of Gulf of Mexico - Drilling results from IODP 308Leg[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2006, 26(3): 6, 20, 30. |
| [33] | BOSWELL R, COLLET T, FRYE M, et al. Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate joint industry project leg II: Technical summary[R/OL]. (2009-04-16)[2020-12-09].https://www.boem.gov/sites/default/files/documents//MMS2008-004.pdf. |
| [34] | BOSWELL R. Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling and logging expedition underway[J]. Fire in the Ice, 2009, 9(2):1-6. |
| [35] | COOK A E, MALINVERNO A. Short migration of methane into a gas hydrate bearing sand layer at Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2013, 14(2):283-291. |
| [36] | NOLE M, DAIGLE H, COOK A E, et al. Short-range, over-pressure driven methane migration in coarse-grained gas hydrate reservoirs[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2016, 43:9500-9508. |
| [37] | DAIGLE H, MOHANTY K, COOK A, et al. Mechanisms for methane transport and hydrate accumulation in coarse-graded reservoirs[R]. Final Scientific/Technical Report, September 1, 2013-March 31, 2018. |
| [38] | YOU K H, FLEMINGS P B. Methane hydrate formation in thick sand reservoirs: 1. Short-range methane diffusion[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2018, 89:428-442. |
| [39] | KIDA M, JIN Y, WATANABE M, et al. Chemical and crystallographic characterizations of natural gas hydrates recovered from a production test site in the eastern Nankai Trough[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015, 66:396-403. |
| [40] | COLLETT T S, BOSWELL R, WAITE W F, et al. India National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02 Summary of Scientific Results: Gas hydrate systems along the eastern continental margin of India[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019, 108:39-142. |
| [41] | 苏丕波, 梁金强, 张伟, 等. 南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物成藏系统[J]. 天然气工业, 2020, 40(8):77-89. |
| [41] | SU Pibo, LIANG Jinqiang, ZHANG Wei, et al. Natural gas hydrate accumulation system in the Shenhu sea area of the northern South China Sea[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2020, 40(8):77-89. |
| [42] | KOMATSU Y, SUZUKI K, FUJII T. Sedimentary facies and paleoenvironments of a gas-hydrate-bearing sediment core in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015, 66:1-10. |
| [43] | ITO T, KOMATSU Y, FUJII T, et al. Lithological features of hydrate-bearing sediments and their relationship with gas hydrate saturation in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015, 66:368-378. |
| [44] | MASUDA Y, YAMAMOTO Y, TADAAKI S, et al. Japan’s methane hydrate R&D program progresses to phase 2[J]. Fire in the Ice, 2009, 9(4):1-6. |
| [45] | 张伟, 梁金强, 陆敬安, 等. 中国南海北部神狐海域高饱和度天然气水合物成藏特征及机制[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2017, 44(5):670-680. |
| [45] | ZANG Wei, LIANG Jinqiang, LU Jing’an, et al. Accumulation features and mechanisms of high saturation natural gas hydrate in Shenhu Area, northern South China Sea[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2017, 44(5):670-680. |
| [46] | 吴时国, 王吉亮. 南海神狐海域天然气水合物试采成功后的思考[J]. 科学通报, 2018, 63(1):2-8. |
| [46] | WU Shiguo, WANG Jiliang. On the China’s successful gas production test from marine gas hydrate reservoirs[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2018, 63(1):2-8. |
| [47] | 陈芳, 周洋, 苏新, 等. 南海神狐海域含水合物层粒度变化及与水合物饱和度的关系[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2011, 31(5):95-100. |
| [47] | CHEN Fang, ZHOU Yang, SU Xin, et al. Gas hydrate saturation and its relation with grain size of the hydrate-bearing sediments in the Shenhu area of Northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quarternary Geology, 2011, 31(5):95-100. |
| [48] | 杨承志, 罗坤文, 梁金强, 等. 南海北部神狐海域浅层深水沉积体对天然气水合物成藏的控制[J], 天然气工业, 2020, 40(8):68-76. |
| [48] | YANG Chengzhi, LUO Kunwen, LIANG Jinqiang, et al. Control effect of shallow-burial deepwater deposits on natural gas hydrate accumulation in the Shenhu sea area of the northern South China Sea[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2020, 40(8):68-76. |
| [49] | WILLIAMS T E, MILLHEIM K, LIDDELL B. Methane hydrate production from Alaskan permafrost final report[R]. Texas: Maurer Technology Inc. and Anadarko Petroleum Corp., 2005: 1-37. |
| [50] | ROBERT H H, HARDAGE B A, SHEDD W W, et al. Seafloor reflectivity: An important seismic property for interpreting fluid-gas expulsion geology and the presence of gas hydrate[J]. The Leading Edge, 2006, 25(5):620-627. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |