油气藏评价与开发 >
2024 , Vol. 14 >Issue 6: 981 - 989
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.021
海上油气低碳发展现状与展望
收稿日期: 2023-12-18
网络出版日期: 2024-12-10
基金资助
中海石油（中国）有限公司科研项目“典型油气产品碳足迹评价方法与开发方案研究”(KJQZ-2024-2006)
Status and prospects of low carbon development in offshore oil and gas industry
Received date: 2023-12-18
Online published: 2024-12-10
“双碳”目标下，海上油气如何实现绿色低碳转型已成为企业面临的重要挑战。基于对国内外油气行业低碳发展现状的分析，结合中国海上油气发展特点，首先，从3个方面分析了近年来海上油气绿色低碳转型采取的主要措施和技术：建立标准、源强分析加强源头管控，开展清洁电力替代和能效提升进行过程治理，协同CO2地质封存、CO2驱油利用以及CO2水合物封存进行末端治理，明确了采用不同低碳技术措施的减排效果。其次，结合各项技术的发展水平和技术发展路线图，预估到2050年海上油气实现碳中和目标，预测源头控碳、过程治理和末端封存这3类低碳技术的减排贡献，探寻海上油气低碳转型路径。最后，提出未来海洋油气与新能源协同、新型海上油气田电力系统建设、海上油气数字化和智能化发展、海上规模化CCUS（碳捕集、利用与封存）及海洋碳汇等海上油气低碳发展的方向。研究结果可为海上油气的低碳发展路径提供参考，也为能源企业的绿色低碳转型提供借鉴。
关键词： 海上油气; 源头控碳; 过程治理; 末端封存; CCUS（碳捕集、利用与封存）
陈宏举 , 刘强 , 孙丽丽 , 于航 . 海上油气低碳发展现状与展望[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024 , 14(6) : 981 -989 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.021
Under the “Dual Carbon” goals, achieving a green and low-carbon transformation in offshore oil and gas has become a significant challenge for enterprises. Based on an analysis of the current status of low-carbon development in the domestic and international oil and gas industries, and considering the characteristics of offshore oil and gas development in China, this study first examines the main measures and technologies adopted for green and low-carbon transformation in recent years from three aspects: establishing standards and source intensity analysis to strengthen source control, implementing clean energy substitution and energy efficiency improvement for process management, and end-of-pipe management through CO₂ geological storage, CO₂-EOR（Enhanced Oil Recovery）, and CO₂ hydrate storage. The emissions reduction effectiveness of various low-carbon technologies is clarified. Secondly, by analyzing the development level and roadmap of each technology, the study forecasts emissions reduction contributions of source carbon control, process management, and end-of-pipe storage technologies, and explores a low-carbon transformation pathway for offshore oil and gas to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Finally, the study proposes future directions for low-carbon development in offshore oil and gas, including collaboration between marine oil and gas and new energy, construction of new offshore oil and gas power systems, digital and intelligent offshore oil and gas development, large-scale offshore CCUS（Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage）, and marine carbon sinks. The findings can serve as a reference for the low-carbon development pathway of offshore oil and gas and provide insights for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy enterprises.
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