胜利油田CCUS技术及应用

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以CO₂排放为核心的气候变化和以石油资源紧缺为核心的能源安全是制约我国社会经济可持续发展的两个重大难题。胜利油田针对CO₂捕集和大幅度提高低渗透油藏采收率的技术瓶颈开展攻关研究,形成了CO₂捕集、长距离安全输送、油藏工程优化设计、注采工艺设计、地面集输设计和驱油与环境监测等配套技术,建成了工业规模的燃煤电厂烟气CO₂捕集、驱油与地下封存全流程示范工程。工业化测试表明,开发的基于新型多氨基CO₂捕集溶剂（MSA）的捕集技术比传统的乙醇胺CO₂捕集溶剂（MEA）捕集技术成本降低35 %,高89-1区块累计注入液态CO₂ 31×10⁴ t,累增油8.6×10⁴ t,封存CO₂ 28×10⁴ t,中心井区已提高采收率9.5 %,预计提高采收率可达到17.2 %。

关键词: CO₂减排, CO₂捕集, CO₂驱油, CO₂封存, 提高采收率

Abstract:

Climate change centering on carbon dioxide（CO₂） emissions and energy security centering on the shortage of oil resources are two major problems restricting the sustainable development of China's social economy. In order to solve the bottleneck of both the CO₂ capture and the great improvement of recovery factor of low permeability reservoir, the related technology researches have been carried out in Shengli Oilfield, forming the supporting technologies such as CO₂ capture, safe long-distance transmission, reservoir engineering optimization design, the injection-production process design, design of surface gathering and oil displacement and environmental monitoring, and building an industrial-scale demonstration project for flue gas CO₂ capture, oil displacement and underground storage of coal-fired power plants. The industrial tests show that the cost of the new MSA technology is 35 % lower than that of the traditional MEA technology. Over 31×10⁴ t of CO₂ have successfully been injected into the reservoir, with the cumulative oil increment of 8.6×10⁴ t, and 28×10⁴ t of CO₂ storaged in G89-1 block. The central well area has increased the recovery rate by 9.5 %, and the recovery rate is expected to reach 17.2 %.

Key words: CO₂ emissions, CO₂ capture, CO₂ flooding, CO₂ storage, enhance oil recovery（EOR）

中图分类号:

TE357

张宗檩,吕广忠,王杰. 胜利油田CCUS技术及应用[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(6): 812-822.

ZHANG Zonglin,LYU Guangzhong,WANG Jie. CCUS and its application in Shengli Oilfield[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(6): 812-822.

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气源	CO₂含量（%）	捕集/分离方法	捕集分离后体积摩尔分数（mol%）
燃煤电厂烟道气	8.0~12.0	复合胺吸收	99.50
高含CO₂气藏	93.0	低温精馏法	99.00
石化炼厂尾气	16.6	胺吸收	99.99

筛选参数	CO₂混相驱	CO₂近混相驱	CO₂非混相驱	对应因素
油藏条件下原油黏度（mPa·s）	0~10	0~50	0~600	混相特征,注入能力
油藏条件下原油密度（10³kg/m³）	<0.876	<0.922	<0.980	混相能力
剩余油饱和度（%）	>30	>30	>40	EOR潜力
油层深度（m）	>1 000	>1 000	>600	混相能力
地层温度（℃）	<120	<120	<120	混相能力
油藏压力（MPa）	p≥p_MMP	p=0.8~1 p_MMP	p<0.8 p_MMP	混相条件
储量规模（10⁴t）	>50	>50	>50	封存能力

一级评价因素		二级评价因素	三级评价因素			级别
断层活动期次	断层延伸与盖层配置关系	断层断距与直覆盖层厚度配置关系	盖层黏结段厚度（m）	断层岩泥质含量（%）	断层倾角（°）	级别
一期	嵌入式	顶部完整型				很高
同生	下断式	盖层见面型	>100		≤45	高
			50~100		45~75	较高
			0~50		>75	中等
		盖层相隔型		≥50	≤45	较低
		盖层相隔型		<50	>45	低
多期	断穿式	盖层见面型	>200		≤45	较高
			100~200		45~75	中等
			0~100		>75	较低
		盖层相隔型		≥50	≤45	低
		盖层相隔型		<50	>45	很低

阶段		特点	泄漏路径	控制因素	地质安全界限
阶段		特点	泄漏路径	控制因素	距离断层一个井距以内	距离断层一个井距以外
CO₂驱油阶段			开启断层破裂盖层	断层的重开启压力盖层的破裂压力	p_气注<p_断启 p_气注<p_盖破	p_气注<p_盖破
CO₂ 注入封存阶段	CO₂ 注入阶段		开启断层破裂盖层断层岩盖层	断层的重开启压力盖层的破裂压力断层岩纵向封堵压力盖层封堵压力	p_气注<Min（p_断启,p_盖破）且 p<Min（p_断纵封,p_盖破）	p_气注<Min（p_盖破,p_盖封）
CO₂ 注入封存阶段	CO₂ 封存阶段		开启断层破裂盖层断层岩盖层溢出点	断层的重开启压力盖层的破裂压力断层岩纵向封堵压力盖层封堵压力油藏最大容量	p<Min（p_断启,p_盖封）且 p<Min（p_断纵封,p_盖封）且 Q_存<Q_孔