东海低渗透储层水平井分段压裂实施及效果评价

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2023.05.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受作业环境限制，海上水平井分段压裂技术仍处于探索阶段，水平井实施后的压裂效果对水平井产能有着显著影响，如何评价压裂效果以指导水平井的压裂开发，是当前急需解决的问题。首先介绍了东海平湖区块低渗透储层地质概况及该区块第1口裸眼水平井分段压裂的施工过程，其次采用SPEE（国际石油工程评价委员会）最新的压裂效果评价方法对该口多段压裂水平井的压裂效果进行评价，通过对该井压裂施工参数的分析及压裂前后EUR（最终可采储量）的对比，得出该口水平井压裂后的气采收率较压裂前提高了9.3 %，油采收率提高了6.6 %，证明了该压裂效果评价方法的正确性与可靠性。东海平湖区块第1口裸眼水平井分段压裂及压裂效果评价的成功，为今后海上低渗透储层水平井分段压裂开发奠定了基础。

关键词: 海上, 低渗透储层, 分段压裂, 水平井, 效果评价

Abstract:

Staged fracturing technology for offshore horizontal wells is still in an exploratory phase due to operational limitations. The effectiveness of fracturing horizontal wells has a significant impact on their productivity. Therefore, evaluating the fracturing effect and guiding the fracturing development of horizontal wells is a pressing concern. This paper firstly introduced the geological situation of low permeability reservoir in the East China Sea in detail, and the process of stage fracturing of the first open hole horizontal well was described. Then the fracturing effect of the multi-stage fractured horizontal well was evaluated successfully using the latest fracturing effect evaluation method of SPEE（Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers）. By analyzing the fracturing operation parameters of the well and comparing EUR（Estimated Ultimate Recovery） before and after fracturing, the fracturing effect evaluation method is verified to prove the correctness and reliability. Finally, it is concluded that the gas recovery rate of this horizontal well after fracturing is increased by 9.3 % and the oil recovery rate is increased by 6.6 %. The successful implementation of staged fracturing and the subsequent evaluation of its effects on the first horizontal well in the East China Sea set the stage for future development of horizontal well staged fracturing in offshore low-permeability reservoirs.

Key words: offshore, low permeability reservoir, staged fracturing, horizontal wells, fracturing effect evaluation

中图分类号:

TE348

张凤喜, 牛丛丛, 张一弛. 东海低渗透储层水平井分段压裂实施及效果评价[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(5): 695-702.

ZHANG Fengxi, NIU Congcong, ZHANG Yichi. Evaluation of multi-stage fracturing a horizontal well of low permeability reservoirs in East China Sea[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(5): 695-702.

图/表 17

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表1

表2

XS井$A_{c}\sqrt{k_{m}}$汇总"

参数	压裂模拟软件TP-FracSim						TP-FracEva	误差/%
参数	第1段	第2段	第3段	第4段	均值	4段$A_{c}\sqrt{k_{m}}$	4段$A_{c}\sqrt{k_{m}}$	误差/%
裂缝半长/m	75.00	103.00	72.60	118.00	92.15
$A c k m / m 2 10 - 3 ? μ m 2$	21 904	26 285	10 677	20 113	19 744	78 979	73 825	6.5

表2

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参数名称	解释结果
参数名称	第1段（趾端）	第2段	第3段	第4段
裂缝闭合应力/MPa	57.50	58.40	62.00	59.60
平方根曲线净压力估算/MPa	2.68	6.44	3.95	6.40
G-函数曲线净压力估算/MPa	3.10	5.98	3.47	6.26
双对数曲线净压力估算/MPa	3.00	6.73	4.21	5.33
净压力拟合值/MPa	3.14	7.02	4.16	5.80
裂缝半长/m	75.00	103.00	72.00	118.00
裂缝高度/m	28.00	34.60	52.00	38.90
裂缝无因次导流能力	0.25	0.36	0.52	0.32

方法	压裂前		压裂后
方法	气EUR/ 10? m3	油EUR/ 10? m3	气EUR/ 10? m3	油EUR/ 10? m3
Duong+双曲递减	0.176 5	0.769 4	0.353 9	1.224 0
YM-SEPD+双曲递减	0.166 0	0.734 1	0.204 6	0.926 9
修正双曲递减	0.165 7	0.733 3	0.217 1	1.004 0
归一化产量/累产量	0.192 4	0.820 7	0.262 4	1.121 5
双曲递减	0.194 0	0.825 7	0.225 8	0.939 8

概率	压裂前		压裂后
概率	气可采储量EUR/ 10? m3	油可采储量EUR/ 10? m3	气可采储量EUR/ 10? m3	油可采储量EUR/ 10? m3
P??	0.128 0	0.675 4	0.120 9	0.714 6
P??	0.146 8	0.719 2	0.163 8	0.829 6
P??	0.173 5	0.776 9	0.237 7	0.996 2
P??	0.205 1	0.839 2	0.345 0	1.196 4
P?	0.235 1	0.893 6	0.467 5	1.389 0
P??/P??	1.397 1	1.166 9	2.106 2	1.442 1
统计平均值	0.175 0	0.778 3	0.248 0	1.006 5
Swanson（斯万森）平均值	0.175 0	0.778 3	0.247 8	1.006 3