基于微地震数据和嵌入式离散裂缝的页岩气开发渗流数值模拟

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩气开发是中国石化天然气大发展战略的重要领域,而数值模拟技术则是开发技术政策及方案优化、气井生产动态预测、开采规律研究、气田开发跟踪优化的一项重要技术手段。传统页岩气开发数值模拟方法采用等效介质模型,无法刻画压后裂缝网络分布,不能准确预测分层储量动用,无法满足现场需求。因此,提出基于嵌入式离散裂缝（EDFM）模拟涪陵页岩气田多段压裂水平井产能的方法。该方法分为四个流程：①建立地质构造模型;②基于微地震数据刻画压裂缝网裂缝特征,并将其嵌入地质模型背景网格中计算传导率;③拟合生产数据,调整裂缝参数;④预测分析多段压裂水平井产能和储层储量动用情况。该方法应用于涪陵页岩气田某三口分段压裂水平井平台,分析了井间储量的动用情况,为该平台下一步调整方案提供技术支持。

关键词: 页岩气, 数值模拟, 裂缝模型, 微地震数据

Abstract:

Shale gas development is in an important position of natural gas development strategy for Sinopec, and numerical simulation technology is an important technical means to optimize the policy and scheme of development technology, predict the production performance of gas wells, study the production rule, and track and optimize the development of gas fields. The traditional numerical simulation method of shale gas development adopts equivalent medium model, can not depict the distribution of crack network after fracturing, and is unable to accurately predict the production of layered reserves, so that it can not meet the needs of the field. Therefore, a new method for shale gas simulation based on embedded fracture modeling is proposed. This method consists with four stages:①to establish geological structure model; ②to describe the fracture characteristics of the fracture network based on micro-seismic data, and then embed it in the geological model background grid and calculate the conductivity; ③to fit the production data and adjust the fracture parameters; ④to prediction and analyze the productivity and production of reservoir reserves for multi-stage fracturing horizontal wells. The proposed method has been applied to a three staged fracturing wells in Fuling shale gas reservoir and the utilization of the reserve in the well is analyzed. It provides technical support for the next adjustment scheme of the platform.

Key words: shale gas, numerical simulation, fracture modeling, microseismic data

中图分类号:

TE319

戴城,胡小虎,方思冬等. 基于微地震数据和嵌入式离散裂缝的页岩气开发渗流数值模拟[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2019, 9(5): 70-77.

Cheng DAI,Xiaohu HU,Sidong FANG, et al. Numerical simulation for seepage of shale gas reservoir development based on microseismic data and embedded fracture modeling[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2019, 9(5): 70-77.

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小层	厚度/ m	孔隙度/ %	含气饱和度/ %	吸附气含量/（m³·t^-1）	储量/ 10⁸ m³
①	6.00	4.51	69.10	2.70	3.06
②	1.00	4.90	69.50	3.10	0.56
③	14.10	4.73	67.80	2.60	7.00
④	9.30	4.73	59.80	1.90	3.71
⑤	9.60	5.61	60.10	1.90	4.00

属性	取值
模型尺寸/m³	1 800×1 800×85
埋深/m	2 550
网格数	291 600
储层压力/MPa	38
储层温度/℃	85
Langmuire体积/（m³·t^-1）	2.1~3.6
Langmuire压力/MPa	6
地质储量/m³	18.3×10⁸
基质渗透率/10^-3 μm²	4.93×10^-5
水力裂缝导流能力/（10^-3 μm²·m）	9.87

井号	微裂缝导流能力/ （10^-3 μm²·m）	主裂缝导流能力/ （10^-3 μm²·m）	有效裂缝半长/ m
JYA-1HF	4.93	9.87	82 ~ 174
JYA-2HF	14.80	19.70	61 ~ 127
JYA-3HF	4.93	4.93	66 ~ 189

小层	JYA-1HF 动用面积/km²	JYA-2HF 动用面积/km²	JYA-3HF 动用面积/km²	剩余储量/10⁸ m³
1	0.31	0.26	0.26	2.72
2	0.31	0.25	0.26	0.51
3	0.29	0.25	0.26	6.33
4	0.27	0.23	0.24	3.39
5	0.25	0.20	0.23	3.68
平均动用面积	0.29	0.24	0.25
动用百分比/%	32.92	31.70	33.39

井号	加密前EUR/10⁸ m³	加密后EUR/10⁸ m³
JYA-1HF	1.40	1.36
JYA-2HF	1.18	1.16
JYA-3HF	1.14	0.98
JYA-4HF（加密）		0.91
JYA-5HF（加密）		0.97
合计	3.72	5.38