常压页岩气藏成因分析与有效开发——以四川盆地东南缘地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气藏为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2023.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川盆地东南缘（简称川东南）地区五峰组—龙马溪组发育以武隆残留向斜型常压页岩气藏和涪陵背斜型高压页岩气藏为代表的2种页岩气藏类型。基于地质工程一体化思路，利用页岩埋藏史、钻井及水平井压裂参数等资料，根据常压页岩气地质特点，开展常压页岩气藏成因分析及形成机理研究，结合2口页岩气水平井的实际生产效果，优化了常压页岩气藏压裂工艺参数，并得出结论：①川东南地区五峰组—龙马溪组常压页岩气藏主要经过燕山期和喜山期两期构造作用破坏调整形成；②构造抬升导致的页岩气逸散是形成常压页岩气的主要原因；③武隆常压页岩气藏与Marcellus（马塞勒斯）常压页岩气藏地质特点相似，但开发效果差异较大，压裂规模模拟表明武隆常压页岩气藏需进一步优化水平井分段压裂参数、提高单井产量、降低开发成本，有望实现有效开发。

关键词: 常压页岩气, 有效开发, 五峰组—龙马溪组, 四川盆地东南缘

Abstract:

There are two types of shale gas reservoirs in the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale formation of southeast margin of Sichuan Basin: normal pressure shale gas reservoir in Wulong residual syncline and abnormal over-pressure shale gas reservoir in Fuling anticline. This study takes an integrated geology-engineering approach to analyze the genesis and formation mechanisms of normal pressure shale gas reservoirs in the Wulong area. The analysis is based on shale burial history curves, drilling data, horizontal well fracturing parameters, and the geological characteristics specific to normal pressure shale gas reservoirs. Combined with the actual production effects of two horizontal shale gas wells, the fracturing process parameters of normal pressure shale gas reservoirs are optimised. Then three main points have been obtained in this study: ①The normal pressure shale gas reservoir of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Wulong area is formed during the structural destruction adjustment of the Yanshanian and Himalayan tectonic periods. ②The shale gas escaping caused by tectonic elevation is the main reason for the formation of normal pressure shale gas. ③Compared with the Marcellus normal pressure shale gas reservoir, Wulong normal pressure shale gas reservoir has the similar geological characteristics, but the development effect varies greatly. The fracturing scale simulation shows that it is necessary to further optimise the horizontal well segmented fracturing parameters, increase the output of single wells, and reduce development costs. Only in this way can effective development be realised.

Key words: normal pressure shale gas reservoir, effective development, Wufeng-Longmaxi formation, southeast margin of Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE37

薛冈,熊炜,张培先. 常压页岩气藏成因分析与有效开发——以四川盆地东南缘地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气藏为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(5): 668-675.

Gang XUE,Wei XIONG,Peixian ZHANG. Genesis analysis and effective development of normal pressure shale gas reservoir: A case of Wufeng-Longmaxi shale gas reservoir in southeast margin of Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(5): 668-675.

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页岩气藏	盆地	地质年代	沉积背景	埋深/m	压力系数	低压—常压的主要原因
五峰—龙马溪	中国四川盆地	晚奥陶—早志留世	陆棚	1 600~3 500	0.70~1.20	构造挤压、抬升、断裂活动、剥蚀，高压变为低压和常压
Marcellus	美国阿帕拉契亚前陆盆地	中泥盆世	斜坡	1 500~2 800	0.70~1.20	构造挤压、抬升、断裂活动、剥蚀
Antrim	美国密歇根盆地	晚泥盆世	克拉通	200~800	0.70~0.80	抬升剥蚀和沉积间断，埋藏史中地层非超压
Ohio	美国阿帕拉契亚前陆盆地	晚泥盆世	陆棚—斜坡	800~2 000	0.34~0.90	抬升剥蚀和沉积间断，埋藏史中地层非超压
New Albany	美国伊利诺伊盆地	晚泥盆世—密西西比期	克拉通	150~600	0.98	抬升剥蚀和沉积间断，埋藏史中地层非超压
Barnett	美国福特沃斯前陆盆地	早石炭世密西西比期	陆棚—斜坡	1 900~2 600	0.98~1.00	剥蚀、沉积间断和断裂，埋藏史中仅释放少量压力
Fayetteville	美国阿尔科马前陆盆地	早石炭世密西西比期	陆棚	300~2 100	0.80~1.00	构造挤压、抬升、剥蚀、断裂

名称	气藏类型	压力系数	开发方式	水平段长/m	压裂段数/段
Marcellus	常压页岩气藏	0.98~1.18	水平井组	600~1 800	4~8
五峰组—龙马溪组	常压页岩气藏	1.0~1.1	探井试采	1 317~1 800	17~20
名称	压裂液量/m³	支撑剂量/m³	排量/（m³ /min）	测试日产气量/10⁴m³	EUR/10⁸m³
Marcellus	18 000	113~340	4.77~15.90	4.0~25.0	0.17~1.10
五峰组—龙马溪组	34 000~45 401	1 192~2 577	13.00~18.00	4.6~9.2	0.56~0.65

名称	规模1	规模2	规模3	规模4	规模5
注入液量/m³	1 500	1 600	1 700	1 800	1 900
加砂量/m³	60	65	70	80	85