超高温高压低渗气藏多因素产能图版定量研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.04.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

产能评价是气藏开发早期的重要工作，明确储层物性、含水饱和度、流体组分中CO₂体积分数对气井产能的影响，对准确评价低渗气藏产能意义重大。以莺歌海盆地典型超高温高压低渗气藏为研究对象，通过气水稳态法渗流实验，明确了含水饱和度、CO₂体积分数对不同物性岩心气相渗流能力的影响，并基于流速近似原则，建立了多因素产能定量图版。研究结果表明：①随着岩石中含水饱和度升高，气相渗流能力降低，当靶区岩心含水饱和度小于束缚水饱和度（40%）时，含水饱和度每升高10%平均产能损失率约12%，当岩石中存在可动水时，气水两相流动导致气相渗流能力急剧降低，岩心含水饱和度从40%升高至50%，气相产能降低约70%；②超高温高压地层气组分中CO₂同样会导致气井产能明显降低，CO₂体积分数28%时产能损失率在12%左右，随着CO₂体积分数升高，其对产能影响逐渐增大，CO₂体积分数升至70%时产能损失率在60%左右。建立了考虑储层物性、含水饱和度、CO₂体积分数、生产压差的多因素产能评价图版，可为同类气藏开发提供重要理论支撑和借鉴。

关键词: 超高温高压, 低渗气藏, 含水饱和度, CO₂体积分数, 产能评价

Abstract:

Production capacity evaluation is a critical task during the early development stages of gas reservoirs. Clarifying the impact of reservoir petrophysical properties, water saturation, and CO₂ volume fraction in fluid composition on gas well production capacity is of great significance for accurately evaluating the production capacity of low-permeability gas reservoirs. This study focused on typical ultra-high temperature, high pressure, and low-permeability gas reservoirs in the Yinggehai Basin. Using the gas-water steady-state flow experiments, the influence of water saturation and CO₂ volume fraction on gas-phase permeability of cores with varying petrophysical characteristics was clarified. Based on the principle of flow velocity approximation, a quantitative multi-factor production capacity chart was established. The results showed that: (1) As water saturation in the rock increased, gas-phase permeability decreased. When water saturation in the target reservoir cores was below the irreducible water saturation (40%), every 10% increase in water saturation corresponded to an average production capacity loss of approximately 12%. When movable water existed, two-phase gas-water flow led to a sharp decline in gas-phase permeability. Specifically, as water saturation rose from 40% to 50%, gas production capacity decreased by about 70%. (2) In ultra-high temperature and high-pressure formations, the presence of CO₂ in the gas composition significantly reduced the gas well production capacity. When the CO₂ content was 28%, the production capacity loss rate was about 12%. As the CO₂ volume fraction increased, its impact on production capacity gradually intensified. When the CO2 volume fraction reached 70%, the production capacity loss rate was around 60%. A multi-factor production capacity evaluation chart was established, incorporating the reservoir petrophysical properties, water saturation, CO₂ volume fraction, and production pressure differentials. This chart provides essential theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of similar gas reservoirs.

Key words: ultra-high temperature and high pressure, low permeability gas reservoir, water saturation, CO₂ volume fraction, production capacity evaluation

中图分类号:

TE377

张骞,范昭宇,王琴, 等. 超高温高压低渗气藏多因素产能图版定量研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2025, 15(4): 686-693.

ZHANG Qian,FAN Zhaoyu,WANG Qin, et al. Quantitative study on multi-factor production capacity chart for ultra-high temperature, high pressure, and low permeability gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(4): 686-693.

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岩心编号	渗透率/10^-3μm²	孔隙度/%	束缚水饱和度/%
1	0.674	10.79	42.95
2	0.507	11.13	44.84
3	0.411	10.03	47.37
4	0.305	9.58	48.97
5	0.237	9.13	51.55
6	0.156	8.07	55.82
7	0.066	8.41	62.63

含水饱和度/%	产能损失率/%
含水饱和度/%	生产压差为5 MPa	生产压差为10 MPa	生产压差为20 MPa
30%	41.35	35.02	29.62
40%	54.49	47.02	42.00
50%	91.56	83.41	82.35
60%	95.33	91.56	89.58
70%	99.30	97.93	96.17

CO₂体积分数/%	产能损失率/%
CO₂体积分数/%	压差5 MPa	压差10 MPa	压差20 MPa
14	7.00	6.21	6.37
28	11.43	12.88	11.57
42	23.06	21.67	22.71
56	43.13	39.37	41.25
70	66.64	58.73	58.91