川南海相页岩岩石相类型及“甜点”分布——以长宁双河剖面五峰组—龙马溪组为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综合应用笔石带标定、全大薄片照相、常规薄片光学显微镜观察、TOC（总有机碳含量）测试、X-衍射全岩组分测试及场发射扫描电镜观察等手段,系统研究了长宁页岩气示范区长宁双河剖面五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩的物质组成及分布、层理特征、物性及岩石相。研究结果表明,川南长宁双河剖面五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩主要为硅质页岩、钙质页岩和混合页岩,石英、碳酸钙和黏土矿物平均值分别为42.5 %、37.4 %和14.9 %,含有少量斜长石（平均2.5 %）、黄铁矿（平均2.7 %）和有机质（平均值5.6 %）。黑色页岩发育泥纹层和粉砂纹层,2类纹层可构成递变型水平层理、均质层理、条带状粉砂型水平层理、砂泥递变型水平层理和砂泥薄互层型水平层理5类层理类型。五峰组发育递变层水平层理和均质层理,龙马溪组发育条带状粉砂型水平层理、砂泥递变型水平层理和砂泥薄互层型水平层理。综合页岩矿物组成和层理类型,共划分出11类岩石相类型。长宁双河剖面“甜点”段分布于LM1段,发育条带状粉砂型水平层理页岩岩石相。“甜点”段具有高TOC含量和高硅质含量、高孔隙度、高渗透率及高水平渗透率/垂直渗透率比值、高有机质孔含量等特征。

关键词: 层理, 岩石相, 黑色页岩, 龙马溪组, 五峰组, 四川盆地

Abstract:

With the comprehensive application of the photography of full thin section, the optical microscope observation of small thin sections, TOC test, whole rocks X-ray composition test, physical property analysis and the observation of field emission scanning electron microscope, Ordovician Wufeng Formation amd Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Shuanghe Outcrop in Changning area are analyzed systematically. The results show that the black shale of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Shuanghe Outcrop of Changning area in southern Sichuan Basin is mainly siliceous shale, calcareous shale and mixed shale, and the average values of quartz, calcium carbonate and clay minerals are 42.5 %, 37.4 % and 14.9 %, respectively, containing a small amount of plagioclase （average 2.5 %）, pyrite （average 2.7 %） and organic matter （average 5.6 %）. The black shale develops mud laminae and silty laminae, and these two types of laminae are composed of five bedding types: graded horizontal bedding, homogeneous bedding, banded silty sand horizontal bedding, sand mud graded horizontal bedding and sand mud thin interbedded horizontal bedding. Progressive horizontal bedding and homogeneity bedding are developed in Wufeng Formation, while strip silty sand horizontal bedding, sand-mud progressive horizontal bedding and sand-mud thin interbedded horizontal bedding are developed in Longmaxi Formation. On the basis of mineral composition and bedding types, eleven types of lithofacies are divided. LM1 member, which is the “sweet spot” interval in Shuanghe Outcrop in Changning area, is characterized by high TOC content, high siliceous content, high porosity, high permeability, high horizontal/vertical permeability ratio and high organic pore content. The strip silty sand horizontal bedding develops here.

Key words: bedding, lithofacies, black shale, Longmaxi Formation, Wufeng Formation, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE121

王红岩,董大忠,施振生等. 川南海相页岩岩石相类型及“甜点”分布——以长宁双河剖面五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(1): 68-81.

Hongyan WANG,Dazhong DONG,Zhensheng SHI, et al. Lithfacies and “sweet spot” interval of marine shale in southern Sichuan: A case study of Shuanghe Outcrop in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Changning[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(1): 68-81.

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层理类型	类型	组成	粒序	界面特征	分布
纹层	泥纹层	黏土级颗粒大于50 %		连续、板状、平行	五峰组—龙马溪组
纹层	粉砂纹层	粉砂级颗粒大于50 %		连续、板状、平行断续、板状、平行断续、波状、平行	龙马溪组
层	砂泥递变型	泥纹层和粉砂纹层互层	正递变、反递变	连续、板状、平行	龙马溪组
	正递变	泥纹层	正递变	连续、板状、平行连续、波状、平行	五峰组—龙马溪组
	反递变	泥纹层	反递变
	均质层	泥纹层	均质
层理	砂泥薄互层型水平层理	由泥纹层和粉砂纹层薄互层构成,泥纹层与粉砂纹层突变接触,泥纹层/粉砂纹层为1—5	砂泥交互	连续、板状、平行断续、板状、平行断续、波状、平行	SLM2—SLM4
	砂泥递变型水平层理	由砂泥递变型水平层理构成,泥纹层/粉砂纹层为5—10	正递变、反递变	连续、板状、平行	SLM1-2,SLM4-5
	条带状粉砂型水平层理	由泥纹层构成,偶夹薄层粉砂纹层,泥纹层/粉砂纹层大于10	均质	连续、板状、平行断续、板状、平行	SLM1,SLM5
	均质层理	由泥纹层构成	均质		SWF7—SWF8
	递变型水平层理	由正递变或反递变层构成	正递变、反递变	连续、波状、平行	SWF4—SWF7

岩石相	样品号	孔隙度（%）			渗透率（10^-3 μm²）
岩石相	样品号	水平	垂直	水平/垂直	水平	垂直	水平/垂直
条带状粉砂型水平层理	8-31-1	6.85	6.4	1.07	0.184 285	0.000 655	281.35
条带状粉砂型水平层理	9-11-1	7.26	6.31	1.15	0.047 955	0.002 761	17.39
砂泥递变型水平层理	8-10-1	9.35	9.04	1.04	0.223 54	0.025 925	8.62
	8-31-2	5.43	4.13	1.31	0.002 291	0.000 351	6.53
	9-19-2	4.90	5.98	0.82	0.010 954	0.002 876	3.81
砂泥薄互层型水平层理	SLM4-1	4.17	4.21	0.99	0.005 743	0.000 714	8.04
递变型水平层理	4-2-1	1.47	1.27	1.16	0.001 49	0.000 124	12.02
递变型水平层理	M001	0.60	0.88	0.68	0.000 931	0.000 575	1.62
均质型块状层理	5-26-2	1.93	1.18	1.68	0.000 313	0.000 364	0.86
	5-29-2	4.16	3.17	1.32	0.000 342	0.000 419	0.82
	SWF6-1-2	2.08	1.73	1.22	0.000 316 9	0.000 316	1.00
	5-34-3	1.16	1.11	1.05	0.000 028	0.000 083	0.34