四川盆地华蓥山五峰组—龙马溪组剖面特征及其勘探意义

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,四川盆地龙马溪组页岩气勘探已全面展开,但复杂构造带领域攻坚还在探索,开展四川盆地内高陡构造带华蓥山地区三百梯剖面的系统研究,可为复杂构造带页岩气的勘探突破提供思路。通过开展剖面岩性、古生物、矿物成分、地化特征、孔隙类型及结构等多方面研究,并与邻区钻井进行对比后认为：①华蓥山剖面出露良好,五峰组至龙马溪组底部页岩地层完整连续,五峰组分为2段,龙马溪组（未见顶）分为3段,WF2-LM9笔石带发育齐全。由下至上沉积环境由还原向氧化过渡,生物硅质环境遭受破坏,陆源碎屑含量增加,有机质丰度呈下降趋势。五峰组—龙一段有机质较为富集,脆性矿物含量高,储集空间以有机孔为主,无机孔、微裂缝发育,孔隙结构以墨水瓶孔为主,少量狭缝形孔。②在赫南特期—鲁丹期,川南地区华蓥山三百梯剖面尽管仍位于深水陆棚相带,但局部发育水下高地微古地貌,由于底流作用、可容纳空间等因素影响,富有机质页岩沉积厚度较薄,微古地貌对于页岩气形成的物质基础具有重要的影响,可为下一步龙马溪组选区评价提供思路。③五峰组—龙一段优质页岩储层形成主要受控于火山作用、物源供给、还原环境的共同作用。

关键词: 地层剖面, 笔石带, 斑脱岩, 龙马溪组, 华蓥山

Abstract:

In recent years, the exploration of Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin has been successful, but the shale gas of the complex structural belt’s Longmaxi Formation are still the next areas for exploration. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out systematic researches on the Sanbaiti section in Mount Huaying of high-steep structural belt in Sichuan Basin, so as to provide ideas for the further exploration breakthrough. The section’s lithology, paleontology, mineral composition, geochemical characteristics, pore type and structure are studied, and compared with the drilling wells of adjacent areas. The findings are as follows. ①The outcrop in Mount Huaying section is well exposed. The shale strata from Wufeng Formation to the bottom of Longmaxi Formation are complete and continuous. Wufeng Formation is divided into two sections, and the Longmaxi Formation（no top） is divided into three sections. The WF2-LM9 graptolite biozone is well developed. From the bottom to the top, the sedimentary environment changed from reduction to oxidation, and the biogenic siliceous environment has been destroyed. The injection amount of terrigenous debris increases, and the abundance of organic matter shows a downward trend. The organic matter in Long-1 member of Wufeng Formation is relatively rich, and the content of brittle minerals is high. The reservoir space is dominated by organic pores, followed by inorganic pores and microfractures. The pore structure is dominated by ink bottles, and a small amount of slit pores. ②For the Hirnantian-Rhuddanian, although the Sanbaiti section of Mount Huaying is located in the deep-water shelf zone in southern Sichuan, the underwater highland micro-paleogeomorphology is locally developed. Due to the influence of undercurrent and other factors, the deposition thickness of organic-rich shale is thin. So that, the micro-paleogeomorphology has an important influence on the material basis of shale gas formation, which can provide ideas for the further evaluation of Longmaxi Formation. ③The formation of organic-rich shale reservoirs in Long-1 member of Wufeng Formation is mainly controlled by the combined action of volcanism, source supply and reduction environment.

Key words: stratigraphic section, graptolite biozone, bentonite, Longmaxi Formation, Mount Huaying

中图分类号:

TE121.1

熊亮,董晓霞,赵勇等. 四川盆地华蓥山五峰组—龙马溪组剖面特征及其勘探意义[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(1): 58-67.

Liang XIONG,Xiaoxia DONG,Yong ZHAO, et al. Characteristics and exploration significance of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation stratigraphic section in Mount Huaying, Sichuan Basin[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(1): 58-67.

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层号	岩性及典型特征描述	层厚（m）
	龙马溪组（S₁l）厚度62.1 m,未见顶
26	灰绿色页岩,层理发育	8.08
25	浅灰色粉砂质页岩,局部见风化铁质结核	5.83
24	灰绿色粉砂质页岩与灰色粉砂岩互层,粉砂质页岩呈薄层状, 层厚3~8 cm,粉砂岩多呈中层状	2.35
23	灰绿色薄—中层粉砂质页岩,单层厚5 mm,见球状风化	1.03
22	灰色粉砂质页岩,自下而上颜色由灰色变为浅灰色	4.28
21	灰绿色泥岩与深灰色粉砂质页岩互层,互层比1:1,层厚4 cm	6.40
20	深灰色页岩夹灰绿色薄层泥岩,从底至顶,粉砂含量逐渐增加	5.23
19	深灰色粉砂质页岩	13.12
18	深灰色粉砂质页岩	4.68
17	灰黑色页岩,富含笔石	2.94
16	薄—中层状黑色粉砂质页岩,偶夹黑色纹层	1.72
15	黑色中—薄层状粉砂质页岩	0.56
14	黑色薄层状碳质页岩夹粉砂质页岩薄层,纹层发育	3.11
13	黑色薄层状页岩,富含笔石,层厚3~4 cm	0.39
12	黑色中层含粉砂页岩,层厚4~5 cm	1.39
11	黑薄—中层碳质页岩	0.97
10	灰黑色含粉砂页岩,顶发育1层斑脱岩	0.29
9	黑色中厚层页岩,层厚5~20 cm,见球状风化,大小70 cm×15 cm	0.43
8	黑色碳质页岩,中层状层理,厚5~10 cm	0.37
	五峰组（O₃w）厚度5.4 m
7	灰色含介壳粉砂岩	0.22
6	中—厚层状硅质页岩,层厚12 cm,中层2~5 cm	1.59
5	斑脱岩	0.01
4	黑色薄—中层状碳质页岩,富含笔石,底部见擦痕,少量方解石充填	1.69
3	黑色中层状页岩,页理发育,层厚10 cm	0.84
2	黑色薄层状页岩,页理发育,发育少量笔石,该层发育4条斑脱岩。	1.05
	临湘组（O₃l）厚度1.22 m
1	灰色泥质灰岩	1.22
	宝塔组（O₂b）厚度2.89 m
0	浅灰色龟裂纹瘤状灰岩	2.89

剖面	Th/U	TOC（%）	Si_bio（%）	Ba_bio（%）	Zr/Al	Si/Al	Ti/Al
LM7-LM9剖面顶	3.477	0.836	3.029	0.068	0.007	4.113	0.032
WF2-LM6	1.173	3.937	4.982	0.115	0.005	5.5	0.008