基于EDFM的页岩油水平井注水吞吐优化研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.05.008

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 734-740.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.05.008

基于EDFM的页岩油水平井注水吞吐优化研究

曹小朋¹(), 刘海成¹, 李忠新¹^,², 陈先超³(), 江朋宇³, 樊浩³

1.中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东东营 257015
2.中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院，山东青岛 266580
3.成都理工大学能源学院，四川成都 610059

收稿日期:2023-09-28 发布日期:2024-10-11 出版日期:2024-10-26
通讯作者: 陈先超(1987—)，男，博士，副教授，主要从事油藏工程和数值模拟方向的研究。地址：四川省成都市成华区二仙桥东3路1号能源学院油气工程系，邮政编码：610059。E-mail：chenxianchao2005@126.com
作者简介:曹小朋（1983—）,男，在读博士研究生，研究员，从事油气田开发与提高采收率研究。地址：山东省东营市东营区辛店街道聊城路2号勘探开发研究院，邮政编码：257015。E-mail：caoxiaopeng.slyt@sinopec.com
基金资助:
中国石化科技攻关项目“深洼带及复杂断块页岩油开发优化设计技术”(P22037)

Optimization of huff-n-puff in shale oil horizontal wells based on EDFM

CAO Xiaopeng¹(), LIU Haicheng¹, LI Zhongxin¹^,², CHEN Xianchao³(), JIANG Pengyu³, FAN Hao³

1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying, Shandong 257015, China
2. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum（East China）, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
3. College of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China

Received:2023-09-28 Online:2024-10-11 Published:2024-10-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

陆相页岩油水平井自然产量递减快、采出程度低，而单井注水吞吐能有效补充地层能量并提高采出程度。以鄂尔多斯长7段页岩油为例，采用数值模拟方法，开展陆相页岩油水平井注水吞吐优化研究。为了提高页岩油藏体积压裂后数值模拟模型的准确性，引入EDFM（嵌入式离散裂缝模型）来表征储层天然裂缝和体积压裂形成的水力裂缝，建立了综合考虑渗吸作用以及储层应力敏感性的概念模型。对注水时机、注水量、注水速度、焖井时间和吞吐周期进行优化选择，数值模拟结果表明：注水速度过快，水容易沿裂缝窜流，导致注入水利用率降低；随吞吐周期增加，每轮周期内增油量呈下降趋势。针对模型所参考的鄂尔多斯某页岩油藏而言，注水吞吐参数优化为：压力系数降至0.706时进行注水，注水量优选为4 000 m³，注水速度为300 m³/d，焖井15 d，进行6轮吞吐，最终能将采出程度提高4.95%，总油水置换率达到6.65%。该研究能为页岩油藏注水吞吐研究提供参考。

关键词: 页岩油, 注水吞吐, 数值模拟, EDFM, 参数优化

Abstract:

Continental shale oil horizontal wells have fast decreasing natural production and low recovery, for which single well water injection huff-n-puff can effectively replenish formation energy and improve recovery. Taking Ordos Chang7 shale oil as an example, numerical simulation method is used to carry out the optimisation study of water injection huff-n-puff in horizontal wells of continental shale oil. To enhance the accuracy of the numerical simulation model for shale reservoirs after volume fracturing, the Embedded Discrete Fracture Model（EDFM） is introduced. This model characterizes both natural and hydraulic fractures resulting from volume fracturing. Additionally, a conceptual model that considers imbibition and reservoir stress sensitivity is established. The timing, volume, and speed of injection, as well as the soaking period and huff-n-puff cycle, are optimized based on simulation results. These results indicate that a too-rapid injection rate causes water to flow along the fractures, decreasing the utilization rate of the injected water. As the huff-n-puff cycle increases, the oil increment per cycle tends to decrease. For the specific case of a shale reservoir in Ordos, the optimization of huff-n-puff parameters is as follows: Water injection should commence when the pressure coefficient drops to 0.706, with an optimal injection volume of 4 000 m³ at a rate of 300 m³/d. The recommended soak period is 15 days, with a total of six huff-n-puff rounds. This approach can increase the recovery rate by 4.95% and achieve a total oil-water replacement rate of 6.65%. This study provides valuable insights for water injection huff-n-puff strategies in shale reservoirs.

Key words: shale oil, huff-n-puff, numerical simulation, embedded discrete fracture model（EDFM）, parameter optimization

中图分类号:

TE357

曹小朋,刘海成,李忠新等. 基于EDFM的页岩油水平井注水吞吐优化研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 734-740.

CAO Xiaopeng,LIU Haicheng,LI Zhongxin, et al. Optimization of huff-n-puff in shale oil horizontal wells based on EDFM[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(5): 734-740.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

表1

图4

表2

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

表3

参考文献 30

[1]	单华生, 姚光庆. 非常规油藏开发与石油资源可持续发展[J]. 特种油气藏, 2004, 11(3): 6-8.
	SHAN Huasheng, YAO Guangqing. Nontraditional reservoir and oil resources sustainable development[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs, 2004, 11(3): 6-8.
[2]	谢启超, 刘礼军, 何右安, 等. 体积压裂致密油藏注水吞吐产能影响因素[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(7): 2664-2670.
	XIE Qichao, LIU Lijun, HE You'an, et al. Influencing factors of water huff and puff development in volumetric fracturing tight oil reservoir[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(7): 2664-2670.
[3]	祁俊武, 王巍, 殷学明, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地致密油藏水平井体积压裂技术[J]. 能源与环保, 2022, 44(10): 90-95.
	QI Junwu, WANG Wei, YIN Xueming, et al. Volume fracturing technology for horizontal wells in tight reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J]. China Energy and Environmental Protection, 2022, 44(10): 90-95.
[4]	张政, 杨胜来, 袁钟涛, 等. 低渗透油藏压裂定向井非线性渗流模型产能计算[J]. 非常规油气, 2022, 9(1): 71-76.
	ZHANG Zheng, YANG Shenglai, YUAN Zhongtao, et al. Productivity calculation of nonlinear seepage model for fractured directional wells in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2022, 9(1): 71-76.
[5]	吴红烛, 韩昭海, 王凤刚, 等. 裂缝性油藏水窜水淹高效调控驱油技术研究[J]. 能源化工, 2021, 42(4): 50-54.
	WU Hongzhu, HAN Zhaohai, WANG Fenggang, et al. Research on high efficiency control and flooding technology of water channeling and flooding in fractured reservoirs[J]. Energy Chemical Industry, 2021, 42(4): 50-54.
[6]	王永平, 朱志强, 王欣然, 等. 裂缝性油藏缝间干扰界限初探: 以JZS油藏为例[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2020, 34(6): 76-79.
	WANG Yongping, ZHU Zhiqiang, WANG Xinran, et al. Preliminary study on the boundary of inter-fracture interference in fractured reservoirs: By taking JZS oil reservoir as an example[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2020, 34(6): 76-79.
[7]	李继强, 杨承林, 许春娥, 等. 黄河南地区无能量补充井的单井注水吞吐开发[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2001, 22(3): 221-224.
	LI Jiqiang, YANG Chenglin, XU Chun'e, et al. Method of improving recovery ratio for energy complement wells in south yellow river region[J]. Oil and Gas Geology, 2001, 22(3): 221-224.
[8]	王鑫, 曾溅辉, 孔祥晔, 等. 页岩孔隙润湿性对自发渗吸的控制作用[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 53(9): 3323-3336.
	WANG Xin, ZENG Jianhui, KONG Xiangye, et al. Controlling effect of shale pore wettability on spontaneous imbibition[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology), 2022, 53(9): 3323-3336.
[9]	王杰, 金友煌, 蒋华义, 等. 压力波动采油机理的模拟实验[J]. 石油学报, 2004, 25(2): 93-95. doi: 10.7623/syxb200402019
	WANG Jie, JIN Youhuang, JIANG Huayi, et al. Simulation experiment on oil recovery mechanism in pressure fluctuation[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2004, 25(2): 93-95. doi: 10.7623/syxb200402019
[10]	王家禄, 刘玉章, 陈茂谦, 等. 低渗透油藏裂缝动态渗吸机理实验研究[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2009, 36(1): 86-90.
	WANG Jialu, LIU Yuzhang, CHEN Maoqian, et al. Experimental study on dynamic imbibition mechanism of low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2009, 36(1): 86-90.
[11]	李忠兴, 李健, 屈雪峰, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密油开发试验及认识[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(10): 1932-1940. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.10.1932
	LI Zhongxing, LI Jian, QU Xuefeng, et al. The experiment and recognition of the development of Chang 7 tight oil in Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(10): 1932-1940. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.10.1932
[12]	陈章顺, 王平平, 杨博, 等. 安83区水平井第二周期注水吞吐采油试验可行性分析[J]. 石油化工应用, 2015, 34(7): 53-56.
	CHEN Zhangshun, WANG Pingping, YANG Bo, et al. The test feasibility of the second cycle of water swallowing spitting injection oil production of An 83 horizontal well[J]. Petrochemical Industry Application, 2015, 34(7): 53-56.
[13]	李寿军. 致密砂岩油藏注水吞吐实验模拟与优化[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2016.
	LI Shoujun. Experimental simulation and optimization of water huff-puff in a tight sandstone reservoir[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing), 2016.
[14]	李凯凯, 安然, 王秀坤, 等. 安83区页岩油定向井注水吞吐采油实践及认识[C]// 2021 IPPTC 国际石油石化技术会议论文集. 北京: 《中国学术期刊(光盘版)》电子杂志社有限公司, 2021.
	LI Kaikai, AN Ran, WANG Xiukun, et al. Practice and analysis of water flood stimulation of directional wells in An83 shale oil block[C]// Proceedings of 2021 IPPTC International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference. Beijing: China Academic Journals(CD Edition) Electronic Publishing House, 2021.
[15]	HAN B, CUI G, WANG Y, et al. Effect of fracture network on water injection huff-puff for volume stimulation horizontal wells in tight oil reservoir: Field test and numerical simulation study[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2021, 207: 109106.
[16]	FIALLOS-TORRES M, MORALES A, YU W, et al. Characterization of complex hydraulic fractures in Eagle Ford shale oil development through embedded discrete fracture modeling[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, 48(3): 713-720.
[17]	LEE S H, JENSEB C L, LOUGH M F. Efficient finite-difference model for flow in a reservoir with multiple length-scale fractures[J]. SPE Journal, 2000, 5(3): 268-275.
[18]	LI L, LEE S H. Efficient field-scale simulation of black oil in a naturally fractured reservoir through discrete fracture networks and homogenized media[J]. SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, 2008, 11(4): 750-758.
[19]	PANFILI P, COMINELLI A, SCOTTI A. Using embedded discrete fracture models(EDFMs) to simulate realistic fluid flow problems[C]// Second EAGE workshop on naturally fractured reservoirs, Muscat, Oman, December 2013.
[20]	SHAKIBA M. Modeling and simulation of fluid flow in naturally and hydraulically fractured reservoirs using embedded discrete fracture model(EDFM)[D]. Texas: The University of Texas at Austin, 2014.
[21]	高占武, 屈雪峰, 黄天镜, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油储层应力敏感性分析及水平井返排制度优化[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2021, 32(12): 1867-1873. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.10.018
	GAO Zhanwu, QU Xuefeng, HUANG Tianjing, et al. Stress sensitivity analysis and optimization of horizontal well flowback system for shale oil reservoir in Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(12): 1867-1873. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.10.018
[22]	赵国翔, 姚约东, 王链, 等. 基于三维嵌入式离散裂缝模型的致密油藏体积压裂水平井数值模拟[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2022, 41(6): 143-152.
	ZHAO Guoxiang, YAO Yuedong, WANG Lian, et al. 3D EDFM-Based numerical simulation of volume fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2022, 41(6): 143-152.
[23]	XU Y. Implementation and application of the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) for reservoir simulation in fractured reservoirs[D]. Texas: The University of Texas at Austin, 2015.
[24]	肖曾利, 秦文龙, 肖荣鸽, 等. 低能量井注水吞吐采油主要影响因素及其规律研究[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 22(增刊1): 55-57.
	XIAO Zengli, QIN Wenlong, XIAO Rongge, et al. Research on the main influencing factors and laws of huff-n-puff production in low-energy wells[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition), 2007, 22(suppl. 1): 55-57.
[25]	杨天瑜, 杨元明, 刘国利, 等. 低渗透裂缝性油藏周期注水合理工作制度研究[J]. 西部探矿工程, 2014, 26(10): 31-34.
	YANG Tianyu, YANG Yuanming, LIU Guoli, et al. Study on reasonable working system of cyclic water injection in low permeability fractured reservoir[J]. West-China Exploration Engineering, 2014, 26(10): 31-34.
[26]	王强, 赵金洲, 胡永全, 等. 页岩油储集层压后焖井时间优化方法[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(3): 586-596. doi: 10.11698/PED.20210906
	WANG Qiang, ZHAO Jinzhou, HU Yongquan, et al. Shut-in time optimization after fracturing in shale oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(3): 586-596.
[27]	李忠兴, 屈雪峰, 刘万涛, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地长7段致密油合理开发方式探讨[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(2): 217-221.
	LI Zhongxing, QU Xuefeng, LIU Wantao, et al. Development modes of Triassic Yanchang formation Chang 7 member tight oil in Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(2): 217-221.
[28]	吴忠宝, 曾倩, 李锦, 等. 体积改造油藏注水吞吐有效补充地层能量开发的新方式[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2017, 24(5): 78-83.
	WU Zhongbao, ZENG Qian, LI Jin, et al. New effective energy-supplement development method of waterflood huff and puff for the oil reservoir with stimulated reservoir volume fracturing[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2017, 24(5): 78-83.
[29]	蔺明阳, 李邦国, 白航航, 等. 新安边油田安83长7致密油水平井注水吞吐适应性分析[C]// 第十三届宁夏青年科学家论坛石化专题论坛论文集. 银川: 宁夏石油化工应用杂志社, 2017.
	LIN Mingyang, LI Bangguo, BAI Hanghang, et al. Adaptability analysis of water injection huff and puff in An83 Chang7 tight horizontal well in Xin'anbian Oilfield[C]// Proceedings of the 13th Ningxia Young Scientists Forum Petrochemical Special Forum. Yinchuan: Ningxia Petrochemical Application Journal, 2017.
[30]	龚兵. 盐间页岩油藏注水吞吐技术研究[J]. 江汉石油职工大学学报, 2019, 32(2): 28-30.
	GONG Bing. A study of water injection-production technology for inter-salt shale reservoir[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum University of Staff and Workers, 2019, 32(2): 28-30.

裂缝类型	裂缝数量/ 条	裂缝半长/ m	裂缝渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	裂缝开度/ m	缝高/ m
水力裂缝	9	150	110	0.002	45
天然裂缝	5 200	10~15	10~100	0.005~0.001	10~30

优化参数	优化数值	初期产量/ （m³/d）	增油量/ m³	油水置换率/%	提高采出程度/‰
注水时机	衰竭生产后第11个月	48.47	485.40	8.09	1.50
	衰竭生产后第13个月	48.04	499.28	8.32	1.55
	衰竭生产后第15个月	48.40	471.03	7.85	1.46
注水量/m³	3 000	26.47	148.20	4.94	0.46
	4 000	33.18	346.59	8.66	1.07
	5 000	40.74	386.31	7.73	1.20
	6 000	48.04	499.28	8.32	1.55
注水速度/ （m³/d）	200	33.18	346.59	8.66	1.07
	300	33.32	369.29	9.23	1.14
	400	34.83	347.89	8.70	1.08
	500	35.66	300.49	7.51	0.93

地区	类型	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3μm²	焖井时间/d	单次吞吐增油量/m³	数据来源
鄂尔多斯盆地	长7段页岩油	8.9	0.17	40~60	273	根据参考文献[13]修改
鄂尔多斯盆地	长7段致密油	8.9	0.17	7~50	310	根据参考文献[29]修改
江汉盆地	盐间页岩油	15.8	1.15		319	根据参考文献[30]修改
鄂尔多斯盆地	长7段页岩油	9.1	0.10	15	266	数值模拟结果

基于EDFM的页岩油水平井注水吞吐优化研究

Optimization of huff-n-puff in shale oil horizontal wells based on EDFM

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 30

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	余文端, 高玉巧, 昝灵, 马晓东, 余麒麟, 李志鹏, 张枝焕. 溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段泥页岩含油性及页岩油富集层段分布 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 688-698.
[2]	王心乾, 余文端, 马晓东, 周韬, 邰浩, 崔钦宇, 邓空, 陆永潮, 刘占红. 基于常规测井曲线的页岩岩相识别与应用——以苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 699-706.
[3]	张菲, 李秋政, 蒋阿明, 邓辞. 高邮凹陷花庄地区页岩油二维核磁测井评价应用 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 707-713.
[4]	张益, 宁崇如, 陈亚舟, 姬玉龙, 赵立阳, 王爱方, 黄晶晶, 于凯怡. 致密油藏大排量注水吞吐技术及参数优化研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 727-733.
[5]	廖凯, 张士诚, 谢勃勃. 页岩油体积压裂后合理焖井时间模拟研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 749-755.
[6]	刘绪钢, 李国锋, 李雷, 王锐霞, 方彦明. 页岩油储层压裂液渗吸驱油机理研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 756-763.
[7]	刘巍, 曹小朋, 胡慧芳, 程紫燕, 卜亚辉. 页岩油水平井产量影响因素分析及压裂参数优化决策 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 764-770.
[8]	王维恒, 郭鑫, 张斌, 夏巍巍. 页岩油用压驱一体剂的研制及性能评价——以苏北盆地阜宁组二段为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 771-778.
[9]	陈祥, 王冠, 刘平礼, 杜娟, 王铭, 陈伟华, 李金龙, 刘金明, 刘飞. 四川盆地灯影组酸压裂缝导流能力实验和模拟研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 569-576.
[10]	盖长城,赵忠新,任路,颜艺灿,侯本峰. 中深层水热型地热资源集群式开发井位部署参数研究与应用——以HTC地热田为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 638-646.
[11]	李中超, 齐桂雪, 罗波波, 许寻, 陈华. 深层低渗凝析气藏气驱适应性研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 324-332.
[12]	段宏亮,谌廷姗,孙敬,洪亚飞,李思辰,卢显荣,张正阳. 苏北盆地页岩油基质与裂缝流动能力实验研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 333-342.
[13]	王欣,韩建强,昝灵,李小龙,彭兴平. 苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段页岩油测井评价研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 364-372.
[14]	陈学忠, 赵慧言, 陈满, 徐华卿, 杨建英, 杨晓敏, 唐慧莹. 海陆过渡相页岩储层合层开采数值模拟研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 382-390.
[15]	臧素华,荆晓明,刘志华,印燕铃. 金坛盆地始新统阜宁组四段页岩油地质条件 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(3): 425-434.