低渗油藏注水井欠注问题主控因素分析——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8段油藏为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.010

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 892-898.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.010

低渗油藏注水井欠注问题主控因素分析——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8段油藏为例

贾军红¹^,²(), 余光明¹^,², 李姝蔓¹^,², 谢珍¹^,², 彭荣³, 汤勇³()

1.长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院，陕西西安 710018
2.低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室，陕西西安710018
3.西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院，四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2024-04-18 发布日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2024-12-26
通讯作者: 汤勇 E-mail:jiajunhong_cq@petrochina.com.cn;tangyong2004@126.com
作者简介:贾军红（1973—），男，本科，高级工程师，从事油气田开发工作。地址：陕西省西安市未央区凤城三路与明光路十字西北角低渗透国家工程实验室，邮政编码：710018。E-mail：jiajunhong_cq@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“超低渗透油藏CO₂强化采油过程中多孔介质相态及微观渗流机理研究”(51974268)

Analysis of key controlling factors for water injection deficiency in low-permeability oil reservoirs: A case study of Chang-8 reservoir in Ordos Basin

JIA Junhong¹^,²(), YU Guangming¹^,², LI Shuman¹^,², XIE Zhen¹^,², PENG Rong³, TANG Yong³()

1. Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
3. School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

Received:2024-04-18 Online:2024-12-10 Published:2024-12-26
Contact: TANG Yong E-mail:jiajunhong_cq@petrochina.com.cn;tangyong2004@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鄂尔多斯盆地低渗砂岩油藏面临着严重欠注、增注措施有效期短等问题，这些因素共同导致了油藏水驱开发效果较差。为了提高欠注井注入能力，根据鄂尔多斯盆地西部欠注严重区块的地质、注入水质等资料，分析了欠注严重区的整体注入情况，探讨了地质与注入水质对欠注的影响规律，选取了两大类、9项影响注水效果的因素，基于Spearman（斯皮尔曼）相关性分析法计算了欠注程度与各影响因素的相关系数。结果表明：注入水质与地层的相互作用具有积累效应，在长期注水过程中导致注入压力逐渐升高，进而影响油藏注入量。以鄂尔多斯盆地西部长8段采出水回注区为例，相关系数为悬浮物含量>含油量>中值孔喉半径>变异系数>悬浮物粒径。通过分析相关性及现场数据，针对性提出了欠注治理建议，以改善注水效果。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 低渗油藏, 注入水质, 欠注主控因素, Spearman相关性

Abstract:

Low-permeability sandstone reservoirs in the Ordos Basin face significant challenges, such as severe water injection deficiencies and short effective durations of enhanced injection measures, leading to poor water flooding development performance. To improve the injection capacity of deficient wells, geological and injection water quality data from severely deficient areas in the western Ordos Basin were analyzed. The overall injection situation of these areas was examined, and the influence of geological factors and injection water quality on injection deficiencies was explored. Nine factors affecting water injection effectiveness were selected, divided into two major categories. Using the Spearman correlation analysis method, the correlation coefficients between injection deficiencies and these factors were calculated. Results indicated that the interaction between injection water quality and formations exhibited cumulative effects, leading to a gradual increase in injection pressure during prolonged water injection, ultimately reducing reservoir injection rates. Taking the Chang-8 reservoir re-injection area in the western Ordos Basin as an example, the correlation coefficients ranked as follows suspended solids content > oil content > median pore throat radius > variation coefficient > suspended particle size. Based on correlation analysis and field data, targeted recommendations for mitigating injection deficiencies were proposed to improve water injection performance.

Key words: Ordos Basin, low-permeability reservoir, injection water quality, key factors of injection deficiency, Spearman correlation

中图分类号:

TE357

贾军红,余光明,李姝蔓等. 低渗油藏注水井欠注问题主控因素分析——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8段油藏为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(6): 892-898.

JIA Junhong,YU Guangming,LI Shuman, et al. Analysis of key controlling factors for water injection deficiency in low-permeability oil reservoirs: A case study of Chang-8 reservoir in Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(6): 892-898.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

表3

图4

表4

表5

图5

参考文献 21

[1]	BASAN P B, ERCO N L. Formation damage index number: A model for the evaluation of fluid sensitivity in shaly sandstones[C]// Paper SPE-14317-MS presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 1985.
[2]	CIVAN F. Evaluation and comparison of the formation damage models[C]// Paper SPE-23787-MS presented at the SPE Formation Damage Control Symposium, Lafayette, Louisiana, February 1992.
[3]	薛建强, 成友友, 王尔珍, 等. 姬塬地区长8超低渗油藏注水井欠注规律研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(5): 1859-1865.
	XUE Jianqiang, CHENG Youyou, WANG Erzhen, et al. Law of under-injection of water injection well in Chang 8 ultra-low permeability reservoir in Jiyuan area[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2020, 20(5): 1859-1865.
[4]	李树同, 姚宜同, 刘志伟, 等. 姬塬、陕北地区长81浅水三角洲水下分流河道砂体对比研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(5): 813-822. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.05.0813
	LI Shutong, YAO Yitong, LIU Zhiwei, et al. Comparative study of underwater distributary channel sandbodies in the shallow-water delta from Chang 81 of Jiyuan and northern Shaanxi area[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(5): 813-822. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.05.0813
[5]	邓志颖, 宋昭杰, 成友友, 等. 姬塬油田长8油藏注水井欠注主控因素[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2019, 19(28): 122-128.
	DENG Zhiying, SONG Zhaojie, CHENG Youyou, et al. Main controlling factors of the under-injection wells in Chang 8 reservoirs of Jiyuan Oilfield[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2019, 19(28): 122-128.
[6]	张栋梁, 饶利平, 蔡绪森, 等. 长庆油田低渗储层微粒运移堵塞损害机理[J]. 断块油气田, 2023, 30(3): 441-447.
	ZHANG Dongliang, RAO liping, CAI Xusen, et al. The mechanism of particle migration and plugging in low-permeability reservoir of Changqing Oilfield[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2023, 30(3): 441-447.
[7]	国家能源局. 碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标技术要求及分析方法: SY/T 5329—2022[S]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2022.
	National Energy Administration. Water quality specification and practice for analysis of oilfield injecting water in clastic reservoirs: SY/T 5329—2022[S]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2022.
[8]	王光义, 姜庆, 樊勇杰, 等. 姬塬油田长8油藏注聚井高压欠注机理及处理对策分析[J]. 长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 19: 73-80.
	WANG Guangyi, JIANG Qing, FAN Yongjie, et al. Analysis on the high pressure under-injection mechanism and treatment countermeasures of polymer injection wells in Chang 8 reservoir of Jiyuan Oilfield[J]. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition), 2022, 19(5): 73-80.
[9]	徐爱华. 姬塬油田多层系复杂油藏开发技术研究[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2018.
	XU Aihua. The study of development technology of multilevel complex reservoir in Jiyuan Oilfield[D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2018.
[10]	潘少杰, 王猛, 王文举, 等. 姬塬地区长8超低渗储层黏土矿物分析及敏感性研究[J]. 非常规油气, 2016, 3(3): 44-49.
	PAN Shaojie, WANG Meng, WANG Wenju, et al. Clay mineral and sensitivity analysis of Chang 8 ultra-low permeability reservoir in Jiyuan Area[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2016, 3(3): 44-49.
[11]	王西强, 罗天相, 俞保财, 等. 环江地区三叠系延长组长8油层组储层特征研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2012, 2(5): 6-10.
	WANG Xiqiang, LUO Tianxiang, YU Baocai, et al. Research on characteristics of Chang-8 reservoir in Triassic Yanchang formation in Huanjiang region[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2012, 2(5): 6-10.
[12]	熊伟, 雷群, 刘先贵, 等. 低渗透油藏拟启动压力梯度[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2009, 36(2): 232-236.
	XIONG Wei, LEI Qun, LIU Xiangui, et al. Pseudo threshold pressure gradient to flow for low permeability reservoirs[J]. Reservoir Exploration and Development, 2009, 36(2): 232-236.
[13]	刘广峰, 白耀星, 顾岱鸿, 等. 镇北长81储层微观孔喉结构及物性参数特征[J]. 河北工程大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 34(1): 97-102.
	LIU Guangfeng, BAI Yaoxing, GU Daihong, et al. Characteristics of microscopic pore structure and physical property parameter of Chang 81 oil reservoir in Zhenbei Area[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural Science Edition), 2017, 34(1): 97-102.
[14]	李国永. 复杂断块油藏精细描述关键技术与应用[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(2): 152-162.
	LI Guoyong. Key technology of fine description of complex fault block reservoir and its application[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2023, 13(2): 152-162.
[15]	高辉, 宋广寿, 高静乐, 等. 西峰油田微观孔隙结构对注水开发效果的影响[J]. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 38(1): 121-126.
	GAO Hui, SONG Guangshou, GAO Jingle, et al. The influences of microscopic pore structure on waterflooding effectiveness in Xifeng Oilfield[J]. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition), 2008, 38(1): 121-126.
[16]	孙卫, 何娟. 姬塬延安组储层水驱油效率及影响因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1999, 20(1): 26-29.
	SUN Wei, HE Juan. Displacing efficiency and affecting factors of reservoirs in Yan'an formation, Jiyuan region[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1999, 20(1): 26-29.
[17]	欧阳思琪, 孙卫, 吴育平, 等. 低渗—特低渗油藏渗流特征及影响因素:以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田侯市—杏河地区长6油藏为例[J]. 地质科技情报, 2019, 38(2): 199-207.
	OUYANG Siqi, SUN Wei, WU Yuping, et al. Seepage characteristics and influencing factors of low permeability-ultra low permeability reservoir: A case of Chang 6 Reservoir in Houshi-Xinghe area of Ansai oilfield in Ordos Basin[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2019, 38(2): 199-207.
[18]	师明霞, 姚坚, 范婧, 等. 低渗透油田采出水回注标准探讨[J]. 工业安全与环保, 2022, 48(2): 78-82.
	SHI Mingxia, YAO Jian, FAN Jing, et al. Discussion on production water reinjection standard in low permeability oilfield[J]. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022, 48(2): 78-82.
[19]	GHALIB H B, Al-HAWASH A B, MUTTASHAR W R, et al. Determining the effect of mineral scaling formation under different injection water sources on the performance of Mishrif carbonate reservoir in Halfaya oilfield, Southern Iraq[J]. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2023, 13(5): 1265-1282.
[20]	徐维超. 相关系数研究综述[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2012, 29(3): 12-17.
	XU Weichao. A review of correlation coefficients[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 2012, 29(3): 12-17.
[21]	HEINEN A, VALDESOGO A. The Kendall and Spearman rank correlations of the bivariate skew normal distribution[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 2022, 49(4): 1669-1698.

区块	地层埋深/ m	孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	启动压力梯度/（MPa/m）
黄3	2 698	7.10	0.27	0.274
罗1	2 557	9.29	0.66	0.218
耿73	2 598	9.05	0.46	0.148
罗228	2 730	8.90	0.34	0.126
池46	2 560	12.60	2.06	0.047

区块	样品数/个	面孔率/ %	不同类型孔隙占比/%					平均孔径/ μm
区块	样品数/个	面孔率/ %	粒间孔	长石溶孔	岩屑溶孔	晶间孔	微裂隙	平均孔径/ μm
罗1	15	2.52	1.21	1.14	0.10	0.05	0.02	40.0
黄3	7	2.27	0.28	1.64	0.23	0.12	0	30.3
池228	10	4.76	4.02	0.49	0.20	0.04	0.01	46.1
罗228	5	2.35	1.42	0.81	0.08	0.03	0.01	40.5
镇252	12	4.20	3.30	0.50	0.20	0.20	0	22.3
平均		3.22	2.05	0.92	0.16	0.09	0.01	35.8

区块	样品数/个	孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	分选系数	变异系数	中值压力/ MPa	排驱压力/ MPa	最大进汞饱和度/ %	退汞效率/ %	中值半径/ μm
罗1	15	10.8	1.5	1.7	0.1	6.80	1.3	75.0	38.0	0.19
黄3	7	9.0	0.4	1.6	0.1	10.80	1.4	69.8	38.1	0.10
池228	10	11.9	0.7	2.4	0.2	4.24	0.8	87.7	26.9	0.24
罗228	5	13.0	0.8	2.0	0.2	7.90	0.8	79.4	35.3	0.10
镇252	12	11.0	0.6	2.6	0.7	6.74	0.7	81.6	29.4	0.11
平均		11.1	0.8	2.1	0.3	7.30	1.0	78.7	33.5	0.15

区块 /站点	取样位置	悬浮固体含量/ （mg/L）	含油量/ （mg/L）	粒径中值/ μm		腐生菌/ （个/ml）	铁细菌/ （个/ml）
冯地坑	姬一联喂水泵出口	270.60	94.30	7.9	2.0×10²	1.1×10²
马家山	脱水站沉降罐出口	113.20	5.00	12.8	1.1×10⁵	1.1×10⁵
罗1	姬十二转净化罐进口	54.51	5.00	7.5	7.0×10⁴	1.1×10³	100~1 000
罗1	姬十二转地223-58	136.68	5.00	8.2	7.0×10²	1.1×10³	10~100
环江	环一联喂水泵出口	2 673.00	268.10	15.1	7.0×10³	1.1×10⁴	10~100
环江	环一联江83-47	34.94	1.90	34.4	7.0×10²	1.1×10⁵

区块	段	注采出水区欠注井比例 /%	注入水质			地质条件
区块	段	注采出水区欠注井比例 /%	悬浮物含量/ （mg/L）	含油量/ （mg/L）	悬浮物粒径中值/μm	孔隙度/ %		渗透率/ 10^-3μm²	地层压力/ MPa	中值孔喉半径/μm	变异系数	填隙物含量/%
黄39	长8	10.00	37	45	0.6	8.13	0.39		19.80	0.11	0.18	13.90
池46		15.38	39	31	2.0	12.60	2.06		21.30	0.18	0.24	9.84
池228		6.38	19	26	0.6	12.40	1.50		19.70	0.24	0.20	8.39
罗1		7.90	47	24	1.7	9.29	0.66		17.20	0.19	0.50	10.21
黄3		19.27	49	35	1.5	7.10	0.27		17.30	0.10	5.53	11.85
罗228		11.76	26	26	0.8	8.90	0.34		20.90	1.40	0.11	7.50
镇252		12.77	25	19	4.3	11.30	0.80		17.69	0.11	0.70	6.77

低渗油藏注水井欠注问题主控因素分析——以鄂尔多斯盆地长8段油藏为例

Analysis of key controlling factors for water injection deficiency in low-permeability oil reservoirs: A case study of Chang-8 reservoir in Ordos Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 21

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	何发岐, 李俊鹿, 高一龙, 吴锦伟, 白兴盈, 高盾. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘断缝体油藏开发特征与潜力 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(5): 667-677.
[2]	苏娟,杨飞,张军涛,张涛,刘璐,杨佳奇. 中央古隆起对富县地区马五段储层发育的控制 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(2): 297-307.
[3]	薛宇泽, 张玉贵, 麻银娟, 薛超. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘岩溶热储对井回灌示踪试验 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2023, 13(6): 757-764.
[4]	梁正中,许红涛,李昌. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南边缘地区长8段充注成藏模式南北对比 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(6): 918-926.
[5]	郭德明,潘毅,孙扬,巢忠堂,李晓楠,程诗胜. 低渗稠油油藏降黏剂-CO₂复合驱提高采收率机理研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(5): 794-802.
[6]	廖松林,夏阳,崔轶男,刘方志,曹胜江,汤勇. 超低渗油藏水平井注CO₂多周期吞吐原油性质变化规律研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(5): 784-793.
[7]	赵宝银,张明. 相控叠前地质统计学反演方法在低渗油藏优质储层预测中的应用——以A区沙三段3亚段V油组为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(4): 666-676.
[8]	何发岐,徐兵威,邵隆坎. 再论油气勘探开发哲学和创新性思维——纪念“中国陆上第一口油井”延1井 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(2): 265-273.
[9]	陈强,李文厚,孙娇鹏,张倩,梁积伟,李智超. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘岐山曹家沟奥陶系剖面地层和沉积特征 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(1): 246-254.
[10]	赵俊峰,刘池洋,张东东,郭懿萱,齐亚林,吕奇奇,张龙,马奂奂. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘铜川地区三叠系延长组长7段剖面及其油气地质意义 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(1): 233-245.
[11]	吴公益,赵梓平,吴波. 苏北不同类型油藏CO₂驱开发模式及经济效益评价 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(6): 864-870.
[12]	汤明光,刘清华,薛国庆,张芨强,鲁瑞彬. 海上低渗油藏注水水质关键参数界限研究——以涠洲11-4N油田流沙港组为例 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(5): 709-715.
[13]	李鑫. 构造对深层煤层气井产能的控制研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(4): 643-651.
[14]	刘秀婵,陈西泮. 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长8油层组致密油成藏主控因素分析 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2019, 9(1): 1-7.
[15]	王钊,邱军利. 鄂尔多斯盆地长8储层碳酸盐胶结物成分组成与碳氧同位素特征研究 [J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2018, 8(2): 14-21.