基于高效架桥和致密填充的深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.03.016

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3): 534-544.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2022.03.016

• 综合研究 • 上一篇

基于高效架桥和致密填充的深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法研究

许成元¹(),阳洋¹,蒲时²,康毅力¹,李大奇²,张杜杰²,闫霄鹏¹,杨斌¹

1. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都 610500
2. 中国石化石油工程技术研究院,北京 102206

收稿日期:2021-07-08 出版日期:2022-06-26 发布日期:2022-06-24
作者简介:许成元（1988—）,男,博士,博士生导师,副教授。主要从事储层保护理论与技术、工作液漏失控制、颗粒物质力学与颗粒流领域的科研与教学工作。地址：四川省成都市新都区新都大道8号,邮政编码：610500。E-mail： chance_xcy@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“基于逾渗和固液两相流理论的裂缝性储层工作液漏失损害预测与控制”(51604236);国家自然科学基金项目“海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究”(U19B6003);四川省科技计划项目“保护储层并改善优势天然裂缝导流能力的钻井预撑裂缝堵漏基础研究”(2018JY0436);非常规油气层保护四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目“保护储层并改善优势天然裂缝导流能力的钻井预撑裂缝堵漏基础研究”(2021JDTD0017)

Design method of plugging formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir based on efficient bridging and compact filling

XU Chengyuan¹(),YANG Yang¹,PU Shi²,KANG Yili¹,LI Daqi²,ZHANG Dujie²,YAN Xiaopeng¹,YANG Bin¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
2. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2021-07-08 Online:2022-06-26 Published:2022-06-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钻井液漏失是制约深层超深层钻井的重要工程技术难题,储层段井漏是钻完井阶段最严重的储层损害方式。利用桥接堵漏材料对裂缝漏失通道进行封堵,是储层段钻井液漏失控制的主要方式。但是,桥接堵漏配方设计常采用经验或者半经验的方法,导致一次堵漏成功率低,堵漏效果差。通过CFD-DEM模拟（一种典型的基于欧拉—拉格朗日参考系的离散摸拟方法）,明确了架桥滞留、堆积填充、承压封堵是裂缝封堵层形成过程中的3个关键环节,考虑堵漏材料的高效架桥和致密填充,基于“绝对架桥加量”概念和紧密堆积理论,提出了承压堵漏实验配方设计新方法。采用“绝对架桥加量”为优化参数,确定配方中架桥材料加量;利用“补差法”改进了传统紧密堆积理论,克服了其对粒度分布不连续或重叠分布的各级填充材料适应性差的缺陷,确定堵漏配方中填充材料加量。室内实验和现场试验结果表明,深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法,可实现深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方快速高效设计,有效保证深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方封堵裂缝效果,有效减少堵漏配方中材料总用量,节约材料成本。提出的方法为深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计提供了新思路和理论依据。

关键词: 深层裂缝性储层, 井漏, 堵漏配方, 架桥与填充, 绝对架桥加量, 紧密堆积理论

Abstract:

Drilling fluid loss is an important engineering and technical problem that restricts deep and ultra-deep drilling, and the well loss in reservoir interval is the most serious reservoir damage mode in drilling and completion stage. It is the main way to control lost circulation to use the bridging plugging material to block the fracture leakage channel. However, the design of bridge plugging formula often adopts the empirical or semi-empirical method, leading to low plugging success rate and poor plugging effect. By the CFD-DEM simulation, it is clear that the bridge retention, accumulation filling and pressurized plugging are three key links in the formation process of fracture sealing layer. Considering the efficient bridging and compact filling of the plugging material, and based on the concept of “absolute bridge addition” and the theory of tight packing, a new experimental formula design method for pressurized plugging is proposed. “Absolute bridging amount” is used as a optimization parameter to determine the bridging material amount in the formula. The traditional compact packing theory is improved by the “complementation method”, which overcomes its defects of poor adaptability to the filling materials with discontinuous or overlapping particle size distribution, and determines the filling material addition in the plugging formula. The results of laboratory and field experiments show that the proposed method can realize the rapid and efficient design of the formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir, effectively ensure the sealing effect of the formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir and reduce the total amount of materials in the formula and save the material cost. The proposed method provides a new idea and theoretical basis for the design of plugging formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir.

Key words: deep naturally fractured reservoir, lost circulation, plugging formula, bridging and filling, absolute bridge addition, compact packing theory

中图分类号:

TE357

许成元,阳洋,蒲时,康毅力,李大奇,张杜杰,闫霄鹏,杨斌. 基于高效架桥和致密填充的深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2022, 12(3): 534-544.

XU Chengyuan,YANG Yang,PU Shi,KANG Yili,LI Daqi,ZHANG Dujie,YAN Xiaopeng,YANG Bin. Design method of plugging formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir based on efficient bridging and compact filling[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(3): 534-544.

图/表 14

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理论方法	研究内容	技术要点	不足
配方设计理论	理想充填理论及对理论的改进	基于理想充填理论,优选材料粒度,提高封堵层稳定性	材料的粒度分布需连续,对粒度分布不连续或重叠分布的各级填充材料适应性差
材料加量设计方法	架桥、纤维材料加量范围	从形态对进行分类,并给出每种材料加量的大致范围	仅给出加量范围,未明确各种材料的具体加量值
	颗粒材料、片状材料、纤维材料和聚合物加量比	确定不同形态材料加量的比值	仅给出各种材料加量比,未明确各种材料加量的具体值
	毫米级宽度裂缝封堵材料协同堵漏效果	评价刚性、弹性以及纤维材料协同堵漏效果及协同封堵的机理	未明确3种封堵材料协同堵漏时的各自加量
	架桥材料加量确定原则	确定有概率架桥的最低架桥浓度及绝对发生架桥的最低架桥浓度	考虑架桥材料的加量,未考虑填充材料的相应加量

性质参数	赋值
颗粒密度（kg/m³）	2 700
颗粒等效直径与裂缝出口宽度比	0.4~1.0
颗粒入射速度（m/s）	0.5
流体初始速度（m/s）	0.5
动力黏度（mPa·s）	50
流体密度（kg/m³）	1 700
回弹系数	0.5
杨氏模量（Pa）	10⁹
泊松比	0.3
摩擦系数	0.8

序号	材料	粒度D₁₀（mm）	粒度D₅₀（mm）	粒度D₉₀（mm）	密度（g/cm³）
1	GYD（粗）	3.39	5.25	6.84	1.05
2	GYD（中）	2.21	3.08	4.21	1.05
3	GYD（细）	1.19	2.06	2.72	1.05
4	SDL	0.02	0.09	0.16	1.10
5	LCC100-8（7~10目）	3.36	3.71	4.36	2.70
6	BYD	0.03	0.05	0.19	3.00
7	NTS-M（细）	1.78	2.29	3.31	1.42

体系编号	架桥材料	D₉₀ （mm）	裂缝宽度（mm）	粒径缝宽比	设计加量（%）
A	GYD（中）	4.21	3~1	1.41	1
B	GYD（粗）	6.84	5~3	1.37	1

材料	初始粒径范围（mm）	优化粒径范围（mm）	体积百分比（%）	质量体积比（%）
GYD（中）	[2.21,4.21]	[2.47,4.21]	23.7	1.0
GYD（细）	[1.19,2.72]	[0.68,2.47]	37.0	1.5
SDL	[0.02,0.16]	[0.11,0.68]	24.4	1.1
BYD	[0.001,0.20]	[0.001,0.11]	14.9	1.8

基于高效架桥和致密填充的深层裂缝性储层堵漏配方设计方法研究

Design method of plugging formula for deep naturally fractured reservoir based on efficient bridging and compact filling

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材料	初始粒径范围（mm）	优化粒径范围（mm）	体积百分比（%）	质量体积比（%）
GYD（粗）	[3.39,6.84]	[3.88,6.84]	26.2	1.0
LCC100-8（7~10目）	[3.36,4.36]	[3.79,3.88]	0.9	0.1
GYD（中）	[2.21,4.21]	[2.76,3.79]	11.5	0.4
NTS-M（细）	[1.78,3.31]	[2.25,2.76]	6.5	0.3
GYD（细）	[1.19,2.72]	[0.68,2.25]	27.3	1.0
SDL	[0.02,0.16]	[0.02,0.68]	27.6	1.1

编号	配方	材料总加量（%）	承压能力（MPa）	累计漏失量（mL）	裂缝模块	备注
#1-1	基浆+2 %GYD（中）+6 %GYD（细）+3 %SDL+3 %BYD	14.0	6.9	57.7	入口端3 mm、出口端1 mm	室内经验配方
#1-2	基浆+1 %GYD（中）+1.5 %GYD（细）+1.1 %SDL+1.8 %BYD	5.4	12.9	39.5	入口端3 mm、出口端1 mm	优化设计配方
#2-1	基浆+1.5 %GYD（粗）+1 %LCC100-8（7-10目）+3 %GYD（中）+5 %GYD（细）+3 %NTS-M（细）+3 %SDL	16.5	7.5	33.0	入口端5 mm、出口端3 mm	室内经验配方
#2-2	基浆+1 %GYD（粗）+0.1 %LCC100-8（7-10目）+0.4 %GYD（中）+0.3 %GYD（细）+1. 0 %NTS-M（细）+1.1 %SDL	3.9	15.0	20.4	入口端5 mm、出口端3 mm	优化设计配方

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