页岩气实验地质评价技术研究现状及展望

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2020.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩气实验地质评价技术进步是美国页岩气勘探开发成功的关键要素之一。从页岩的含气性、赋存性和可压性三个方面,总结了页岩气实验地质评价技术方面所取得的进展,重点介绍针对中国南方海相页岩热演化程度高的特征,开发的超显微有机岩石学、地层孔隙热压生—排烃模拟及孔隙表征等技术,探讨了页岩气实验地质评价技术未来发展方向,指出多尺度孔隙结构有效性及连通性、成岩演化过程中有机—无机孔协同表征、可压性动态评价是页岩气地质评价技术的关键攻关方向。

关键词: 页岩气, 地质评价, 实验技术, 研究进展

Abstract:

The improvement of experimental technologies of geological evaluation for shale gas is the key factor for the success of shale gas exploration and development in America. The progress in experimental technologies of geological evaluation of shale gas is summarized from three aspects including gas-bearing property, occurrence and fracability of shale. It mainly focuses on the ultramicroscopic organic petrology, formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, and the characterization of pore network, which are developed for high thermal maturity marine shale of South China in recent years. The future trends of experimental technologies of geological evaluation for shale gas are discussed. It is proposed that the effectiveness and connectivity of multiscale pore structure, the characterization of organic and inorganic pore in diagenetic evolution, and dynamic evaluation for fracability are the key studying aspects in experimental technologies of geological evaluation of shale gas.

Key words: shale gas, geological evaluation, experimental technologies, research progress

中图分类号:

TE135

徐旭辉,申宝剑,李志明等. 页岩气实验地质评价技术研究现状及展望[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2020, 10(1): 1-8.

Xuhui XU,Baojian SHEN,Zhiming LI, et al. Status and prospect of experimental technologies of geological evaluation for shale gas[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(1): 1-8.

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指标	类型	国际通用	无锡石油地质研究所
含油气性评价	烃源品质	有机碳、热解、沥青“A”、反射率、干酪根镜检、有机显微组分、天然气组分、同位素分析	有机碳、热解、沥青“A”、反射率、干酪根镜检、有机显微组分、天然气组分、同位素分析、超显微成烃生物识别
	生排烃机理	岩石热解、密闭黄金管、高压釜	岩石热解、密闭黄金管、高压釜、地层孔隙生—排烃模拟
	资源潜力	等温吸附、原地含气量测试分析、损失气量恢复计算	等温吸附、原地含气量测试分析、损失气量恢复计算
赋存条件评价	岩石矿物	岩石密度、颗粒密度、薄片鉴定、全岩X衍射、黏土矿物X衍射	岩石密度、颗粒密度、薄片鉴定、全岩X衍射、黏土矿物X衍射
	微观结构	聚焦离子束扫描电镜（FIB-SEM）、氩离子抛光+扫描电镜、CT扫描	聚焦离子束扫描电镜（FIB-SEM）、氩离子抛光+扫描电镜、CT扫描
	物性	毛管压力、孔隙度、渗透率、比表面积测试、脉冲压力衰减法测量渗透率	毛管压力、孔隙度、渗透率、比表面积测试、脉冲压力衰减法测量渗透率
可压性评价	岩石力学	静态杨氏模量和泊松比、纵波和横波速度、动态弹性参数、岩石三轴压缩实验、声波（超声波）测试纵波和横波速度	静态杨氏模量和泊松比、动态弹性参数、泥页岩脆延转换分析、岩石韧性测试