塔里木盆地西南部寒武系充填层序及沉积样式演化

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对塔里木盆地西南部寒武系存在的古隆起陆棚相分歧，利用锆石U-Pb（铀-铅同位素测年）年龄、井-震联合开展了寒武系层序充填与沉积演化的研究。研究表明：在巴楚隆起，寒武系直接覆盖在克拉通结晶基底之上，寒武系沉积充填与前寒武系结构呈“镜像”关系。受前寒武系地形、构造运动和海平面升降控制，塔里木盆地西南部寒武系发育4个Ⅱ级层序，分别为寒武系层序1（玉尔吐斯组—肖尔布拉克组）、寒武系层序2（吾松格尔组—沙依里克组）、寒武系层序3（阿瓦塔格组）、寒武系层序4（下丘里塔格群），共包含7个沉积相、10个沉积亚相。塔里木盆地西南部寒武系层序1—寒武系层序3早、中寒武世巴楚隆起—麦盖提斜坡—塔西南坳陷沉积相为台地—缓坡—斜坡—深水陆棚相沉积，表现为向海凝缩减薄的沉积特征并发育寒武系烃源岩；寒武系层序4晚寒武世塔里木盆地西南部主体演化为局限台地，塔里木盆地西台东盆沉积格局正式形成。

关键词: 塔里木盆地西南部, 寒武系, 前寒武系, 层序充填, 沉积演化

Abstract:

In the southwestern Tarim Basin, studies on the paleo-uplift and shelf divergence have focused on the sedimentary evolution and sequence filling during the Cambrian period. This research used zircon U-Pb dating and well-seismic technologies. The findings indicate that Cambrian deposits overlay the basin's basement structures, particularly in the Bachu uplift area. The Cambrian sedimentation patterns closely mirror the underlying basement tectonics. Influenced by these tectonics, along with tectonic movements and sea-level changes, four distinct sequences emerged in the Cambrian: the Yuertusi to Xiaoerbulake formations, the Wusonggeer to Shayilike formations, the Awatage Formation, and the Lower Qiulitage Formation. Additionally, seven sedimentary facies and ten depositional sub-facies were identified. From the first to the third Cambrian sequence, spanning the early to middle Cambrian, the area transitioned from a platform to a gentle slope, then to a steeper slope and finally to a deep shelf. This progression indicates a retreat towards the sea, fostering the development of Cambrian source rocks. In the late Cambrian, during the fourth sequence, the southwestern Tarim Basin transformed into a restricted platform. This period marked the establishment of the sedimentary framework in the Tarim Basin, with distinct eastern basin and western platform regions.

Key words: southwestern Tarim Basin, Cambrian, Precambrian, sequences filling, sedimentary evolution

中图分类号:

TE121

罗少辉,王蓉英,岳勇等. 塔里木盆地西南部寒武系充填层序及沉积样式演化[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(2): 284-296.

Shaohui LUO,Rongying WANG,Yong YUE, et al. Cambrian infill sequence and sedimentary evolution in southwestern Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(2): 284-296.

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沉积相	亚相	微相	代表井及层位
滨海	潮坪	砂坪、泥坪、硅藻坪	H4井、Tong1井、F1井玉尔吐斯组
蒸发台地	蒸发台坪（潮上坪）	泥坪、云泥坪、云坪、膏泥坪、膏云坪、膏坪、膏盐坪、盐坪	Tong1井、F1井、H4井阿瓦塔格组、吾松格尔组
局限台地	潟湖	云坪、灰云坪、膏云坪	H4井、BT5井阿瓦塔格组、肖尔布拉克组
局限台地	潮坪	膏云坪、泥坪、砂泥坪、云坪、灰云坪	F1井阿瓦塔格组、肖尔布拉克组
开阔台地	台坪（滩间）	灰坪、云灰坪	Tong1井、F1井、H4井沙依里克组
开阔台地	台内滩	砂屑滩	MB1井沙依里克组
台地边缘	台缘滩	砂屑滩、生屑滩（藻屑滩）、鲕粒滩	麦盖提斜坡地震相阿瓦塔格组
台缘斜坡	缓坡	泥质灰岩	麦盖提斜坡地震相肖尔布拉克组
台缘斜坡	（下）斜坡	斜坡泥、斜坡灰泥	麦盖提斜坡地震相肖尔布拉克组
陆棚	（内）陆棚	陆棚泥、灰泥	塔西南坳陷地震相玉尔吐斯组