层理对侏罗系油藏水力裂缝扩展形态影响研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.012

油气藏评价与开发 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 908-917.doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.06.012

层理对侏罗系油藏水力裂缝扩展形态影响研究

袁丽娜¹(), 王广涛², 王成旺², 侯瑞³, 孙峰¹()

1.中国石油大学（华东）储运与建筑工程学院，山东青岛 266580
2.长庆油田油气工艺研究院，陕西西安 710021
3.长庆油田天然气评价项目部，甘肃庆阳 745000

收稿日期:2023-08-14 发布日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2024-12-26
通讯作者: 孙峰 E-mail:2522747402@qq.com;upcsfeng@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:袁丽娜（1997—），女，硕士，工程师，主要从事地下多物理场耦合方向研究。地址：山东省青岛市黄岛区长江西路66号中国石油大学（华东），邮政编码：266580。E-mail: 2522747402@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“深层页岩热流固耦合致裂机制的实验及数值模拟研究”(42274155);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“高温高压高应力环境下水力裂缝扩展力学机制研究”(23CX03008A)

Study on influence of bedding on hydraulic fracture propagation morphologies in Jurassic reservoirs

YUAN Lina¹(), WANG Guangtao², WANG Chengwang², HOU Rui³, SUN Feng¹()

1. College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum（East China）, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
2. Research Institute of Oil and Gas Technology, Changqing Oilfield, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
3. Natural Gas Evaluation Project Department, Changqing Oilfield, Qingyang, Gansu 745000, China

Received:2023-08-14 Online:2024-12-10 Published:2024-12-26
Contact: SUN Feng E-mail:2522747402@qq.com;upcsfeng@upc.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系层段埋深介于300~2 200 m，油藏中分布着大量的水平层理，导致压裂过程中裂缝形态和扩展方向变化复杂。通过室内巴西劈裂试验测试考虑层理影响的侏罗系层段岩心的抗拉性能，比较垂直层理面和平行层理面下试样的抗拉强度差异。基于测试数据，采用cohesive单元法建立可以表征多层理侏罗系油藏水力压裂的三维有限元模型，研究层理面强度和地应力差对水力裂缝形态及扩展路径的影响。结果表明：层理面强度和地应力差是影响水力裂缝发生转向的主要因素；高层理强度和高地应力差会降低层理面对水力裂缝的限制，增强水力裂缝纵向穿层能力；低层理强度和低应力差会导致层理面的开启，使裂缝由垂直方向转而向层理面扩展。研究结果可为侏罗系油藏压裂施工的优化设计提供指导。

关键词: 侏罗系油藏, 层理结构, 水力压裂, 裂缝形态, 有限元模拟

Abstract:

The Jurassic formations of the Ordos Basin, with burial depths ranging from 300 to 2,200 m, exhibit numerous horizontal bedding planes within the reservoirs, leading to complex variations in fracture morphology and propagation direction during hydraulic fracturing. Laboratory Brazilian splitting tests were conducted to evaluate the tensile strength of core samples from Jurassic formations, considering the impact of bedding. The tensile strength differences between specimens perpendicular to and parallel to bedding planes were compared. Based on the experimental data, a three-dimensional finite element model using the cohesive element method was developed to characterize hydraulic fracturing in multilayered Jurassic reservoirs, focusing on the effects of bedding strength and in-situ stress differences on fracture morphology and propagation paths. The results indicated that bedding strength and stress differences were the primary factors influencing fracture deflection. High bedding strength and large stress differences reduced the restraining effect of bedding on fractures, enhancing their vertical penetration across layers. Conversely, low bedding strength and small stress differences led to the opening of bedding planes, causing fractures to deviate and propagate along bedding surfaces. These findings provide guidance for optimizing hydraulic fracturing operations in Jurassic reservoirs.

Key words: Jurassic reservoirs, bedding structure, hydraulic fracturing, fracture morphology, finite element simulation

中图分类号:

TE319

袁丽娜,王广涛,王成旺等. 层理对侏罗系油藏水力裂缝扩展形态影响研究[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(6): 908-917.

YUAN Lina,WANG Guangtao,WANG Chengwang, et al. Study on influence of bedding on hydraulic fracture propagation morphologies in Jurassic reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(6): 908-917.

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井号	垂直层理面抗拉强度/MPa	平行层理面抗拉强度/MPa
Q162	2.728	0.927
Y70	1.675	0.557
F136	4.557	2.715
F139	2.699	1.479
A237	3.771	1.064

类型	参数/单位	数值
岩石基质参数	弹性模量/GPa	25
	泊松比	0.25
	渗透率/10^-3μm²	10.2
	抗拉强度/MPa	1
	孔隙比	0.1
	饱和度	1
层理面参数	抗拉强度/MPa	1
	抗剪强度/MPa	6
	法向断裂能/（Pa·m）	1 000
	切向断裂能/（Pa·m）	6 000
	滤失系数/（m/s）	1×10^-11
应力场参数	垂向应力/MPa	25
	最大水平应力/MPa	20
	最小水平应力/MPa	15
注入参数	压裂液黏度/（mPa∙s）	1
	注入排量/（m³/min）	6
	注入时间/min	20

层理对侏罗系油藏水力裂缝扩展形态影响研究

Study on influence of bedding on hydraulic fracture propagation morphologies in Jurassic reservoirs

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