中深层水热型地热资源集群式开发井位部署参数研究与应用——以HTC地热田为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在中国“双碳”战略背景下，清洁能源的高效开发利用逐渐成为各行业关注的焦点，而中深层水热型地热资源是一种储量丰富、运行稳定、绿色环保的清洁能源。近年来，随着地热资源开发利用程度逐渐增加，开发模式逐渐向集群式发展，相比以往的分布式开发模式，集群式开发具有经济、稳定、抗风险能力高、改扩建能力强等优点。但开发模式、采灌井网、采灌井距等关键参数仍在探索阶段，这些参数对集群式开发影响明显，亟须对此开展机理研究、优化关键参数。以HTC地热田作为研究对象，利用数值模拟技术，耦合地下温度场、压力场、水流场建立数学模型，分析不同开发模式、采灌井网、采灌井距条件下地下温度场、压力场、水流场变化规律，确定最优参数，指导矿场生产。实践证实，该方法可有效保障地热开发项目稳定运行，实现地热开发项目经济效益最优化。

关键词: 中深层水热型地热资源, 集群式开发, 数值模拟, 开发模式优化, 井网优化, 井距优化

Abstract:

Under the framework of the national “double carbon” strategy, the efficient development and utilization of clean energy have become a focal point across various industries. Middle and deep hydrothermal geothermal resources, characterized by their abundant reserves and environmentally friendly attributes, represent a significant clean energy source. Recent trends have shown a shift from a distributed development model to a cluster development model for geothermal resources, offering advantages in terms of economy, stability, risk management, and scalability. However, the development mode, well patterns, and well spacing, key parameters in cluster development, are still under investigation due to their significant impact on the process. There is an urgent need to conduct research on these mechanisms and optimize the key parameters. In this study, the HTC geothermal field serves as the subject for our analysis. We employ numerical simulation technology to integrate the underground temperature field, pressure field, and water flow field into a comprehensive mathematical model. This model helps analyze the effects of various development modes and patterns, as well as the spacing of mining and irrigation wells, thereby identifying optimal parameters that can guide field production. Practice has demonstrated that this approach effectively ensures the stable operation of geothermal development projects and enhances their economic benefits.

Key words: medium-deep hydrothermal geothermal resources, cluster development, numerical simulation, optimization of development modes, optimization of well pattern, optimization of well spacing

中图分类号:

TE09

盖长城,赵忠新,任路,颜艺灿,侯本峰. 中深层水热型地热资源集群式开发井位部署参数研究与应用——以HTC地热田为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2024, 14(4): 638-646.

GAI Changcheng,ZHAO Zhongxin,REN Lu,YAN Yican,HOU Benfeng. Research and application of well location deployment parameters for cluster development of medium-deep hydrothermal geothermal resources: A case study of HTC geothermal field[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(4): 638-646.

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试验编号	时长/ min	流量/ （m³/d）	含水层导水系数/（m²/d）	渗透系数/（m/d）	弹性释水系数
第一组	870	2 256	98.2	1.07	9.00×10^-5
第二组	1 140	2 352	135.0	1.47	8.12×10^-5
平均				1.27	8.56×10^-5

试验编号	持续时间/h	设计回灌量/ （m³/h）	最小回灌量/（m³/h）	最大回灌量/（m³/h）	动水位/m
第一组	19.5	50	44.95	56.00	50.6
第二组	57.5	33/44/56	32.87	56.37	53.3
第三组	96.0	50/60/70/80	31.09	80.06	55.8

参数类型	参数名称	参数取值
地层参数	储层埋深/m	2 400
	储层厚度/m	200
	孔隙度/%	31
	渗透率/（10^-3 μm³）	497
	地层压力/MPa	24
流体参数	水热容/[J/（m³·℃）]	4.20×10⁶
流体参数	水相热传导率/[J/（m·d·℃）]	5.34×10⁴
岩石参数	岩石热容[J/（m³·℃）]	2.35×10⁶
岩石参数	岩石热传导率/[J/（m·d·℃）]	6.60×10⁵
边界条件	热储温度/℃	78
	采水量/（m³/h）	100
	回灌量/（m³/h）	75
	回灌温度/℃	30
	采灌时间/a	30
模型参数	单网格水平长度/m	10
	单网格纵向长度/m	10
	单网格厚度/m	50
	网格数量/个	130×86×4

井网	井数/ 口	井距/ m	动用资源量占比/%	流场波及面积占比/%	热突破时间/月
直列交错井网	1采2灌	450	75.21	40.9	417
直列排状井网	1采2灌	450	65.70	32.3	355
直角三角形井网	1采2灌	450	63.10	31.3	293