陆相咸化湖盆“低TOC”烃源岩高生烃效率探讨——以苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段泥页岩为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Significant progress has been made in shale oil exploration within the second member of the Funing Formation in the Qintong Sag, Subei Basin. However, geologists have noted that the measured Total Organic Carbon（TOC） contents are generally below 2%. Despite this, it is believed that source rocks in saline lacustrine basins can generate substantial amounts of petroleum even with low organic matter abundance, a concept known as the “low TOC” and highly efficient hydrocarbon generation mode of saline lacustrine source rocks. As hydrocarbon generation and expulsion occur during thermal maturation, the TOC levels in source rocks decrease. Therefore, accurately restoring the original TOC of these source rocks is crucial for a proper understanding of their hydrocarbon generation capacity, as well as for evaluating petroleum resources and supporting reserve growth and production enhancement. This study focuses on the typical mudstones and shales of the second member of the Funing Formation in the Qintong Sag. Techniques such as hydrocarbon generation simulation experiments, rock pyrolysis data, TOC and productive carbon content evolution during thermal simulation, and an element mass conservation method were employed to restore the original TOC of these mudstones and shales. The findings reveal that the TOC recovery coefficient of these saline source rocks can exceed values between 3 to 4, and this coefficient is significantly influenced by the lithology. The study found that: the TOC recovery coefficient increases with thermal maturity, the coefficient for laminated shale is higher than that for massive mudstone, and the TOC recovery coefficients for mudstones in the Ⅳ sub-member and shales in the Ⅰ to Ⅲ sub-members of the second member of the Funing Formation range from 1.1~1.5 and 1.5~3.0, respectively. These variations are attributed to differences in the type of organic matter and the hydrocarbon generating activation energy, leading to a higher hydrocarbon transformation rate and TOC recovery coefficient in shales compared to mudstones.

Key words: low organic matter abundance, source rock, TOC, recovery coefficient, the second member of Funing Formation

CLC Number:

TE357

GAO Yuqiao,HE Xipeng,CHENG Xiong, et al. Discussion on high hydrocarbon generation efficiency of saline lacustrine source rocks with low TOC: A case study of the second member of Funing Formation, Qintong Sag, Subei Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2024, 14(5): 678-687.

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样品编号	岩性	ω（TOC）/ %	（S₁+S₂）/ （mg/g）	氢指数/ （mg/g）	R_o/%
GC2-1	块状泥岩	3.76	25.8	728	0.80
TL2	纹层状页岩	5.02	44.3	795	0.74

TOC恢复方法	TOC恢复系数				优点	缺点
TOC恢复方法	Ⅳ亚段	Ⅲ亚段	Ⅱ亚段	Ⅰ亚段	优点	缺点
热模拟TOC演化法	1.37	3.8	3.8	3.8	符合实际地质情况，比较可靠	需要抽提后测试TOC再恢复
热模拟PC演化法	1.0~1.2 （1.1）	1.0~1.5 （1.3）	1.0~1.9 （1.4）	1.0~2.0 （1.3）		需参考低熟样品TOC与PC比值
有机碳元素守恒法	1.1	1.2~1.4 （1.3）	1.2~1.6 （1.4）	1.2~1.6 （1.4）		计算较复杂，受排烃率取值、S₁恢复影响

Discussion on high hydrocarbon generation efficiency of saline lacustrine source rocks with low TOC: A case study of the second member of Funing Formation, Qintong Sag, Subei Basin

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