中国石化探区和邻区油页岩原位开采选区评价

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.01.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Oil shale in the Sinopec exploration areas is abundant and serves as an important strategic reserve and supplementary energy source for the country. Accelerating the exploration and development of oil shale is crucial for improving China’s energy structure and ensuring national energy security. To achieve large-scale exploration and cost-effective development of oil shale, the technologies of in-situ exploitation field tests successfully conducted both domestically and internationally were reviewed and summarized. Based on this review, the characteristics of test areas, geological and engineering adaptability, and selection layer requirements were analyzed. It was concluded that field pilot tests of Shell’s electric heating method, Jilin Zhongcheng Company’s in-situ fracturing chemical retorting technology, and Jilin University’s local chemical reaction-based in-situ pyrolysis technology have been successfully carried out. However, the maturity and feasibility of two technologies in China need to be further studied and validated, and the adaptability of existing in-situ exploitation technologies to deep oil shale remains unverified. The technical characteristics, geological resource conditions, and exploitation engineering conditions of in-situ oil shale exploitation were reviewed and analyzed. Based on the key factors restricting in-situ exploitation of oil shale in China and the heating method, four geological parameters, six engineering parameters, and classification evaluation limits were determined. Additionally, the weights of each parameter were assigned according to the degree of constraints on in-situ exploitation and utilization of oil shale. A two-factor evaluation model of geological and engineering for identifying favorable areas for in-situ oil shale exploitation was then established, leading to the selection of 15 Class Ⅰ favorable areas in Sinopec exploration areas and adjacent areas. The effects of key factors, including roof and floor, fractures, and movable water, on the selected favorable areas were further analyzed. Through comprehensive evaluation, four target areas were selected: the Xunyi mining area on the southern margin of the Ordos Basin, the Shanghuangshan Street mining area on the southern edge of the northern piedmont of the Bogda Mountains, the Dianbai mining area in the Maoming Basin, and the Fushun mining area in the Fushun Basin.

Key words: oil shale, oil content, heating method, in-situ conversion, selection evaluation

CLC Number:

TE662

GUO Xusheng,LI Wangpeng,SHEN Baojian, et al. Selection evaluation of in-situ exploitation of oil shale in Sinopec exploration areas and adjacent areas[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(1): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Evaluation parameters and standards for target area selection in in-situ oil shale exploitation"

参数类型	参数名称	分值				参数权重
		一级（好）	二级（较好）	三级（较差）	四级（差）
		[0.75, 1.00]	[0.50, 0.75)	[0.25, 0.50)	[0, 0.25)
地质条件参数	含油率/%	[7, 10]	[6, 7)	[5, 6)	[3.5, 5)	15
	单层厚度/m	[15, 20]	[10, 15)	[5, 10)	[2, 5)	15
	油页岩油资源量/10⁴ t	[5 000, 100 000]	[1 000, 5 000)	[100, 1 000)	[1, 100)	10
	油页岩油资源丰度/（10⁴ t/km²）	[500, 1 000]	[200, 500)	[100, 200)	[5, 100)	10
开采工程条件参数	矿体埋深/m	[100, 300)	[300, 500)	[500, 800)	[800, 1 000]	15
	倾角/°	[0, 10)	[10, 30)	[30, 60)	[60, 90]	10
	矿体连续性	强	较强	中等	弱	10
	勘查程度	勘探	详查	普查	预查	5
	地表条件	平原	丘陵、黄土塬	戈壁	高原、山地、沙漠	5
	交通和电力供给	距干线[0, 20) km，供电充足	距干线[20, 50) km，需外部供电 $1 / 3$	距干线[50, 100) km，需外部供电 $1 / 2$	距干线≥100 km，需外部供电 $2 / 3$	5

Table 4

Fig. 1

Table 5

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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加热方式	技术研发单位或公司	工艺技术	试验方式
燃烧加热	美国矿业局	原位燃烧技术	现场试验
	美国西方石油公司	原位燃烧技术	现场试验
	众诚公司	原位压裂和化学干馏	现场试验
电加热	壳牌公司	电加热法技术	现场试验
	埃克森美孚公司	Electrofrac工艺	未成功
	IEP公司	燃料电池技术	没有试验
流体加热	美国页岩油公司	沸腾油加热转化技术	未成功
	雪佛龙公司	CRUSH技术	没有试验
	Mountain West Energy 公司	IVE技术	没有试验
	Petro Probe公司	Superheated Air技术	没有试验
	吉林大学	TS-A法	现场试验
	太原理工大学	MTI技术	实验室中试
	中国石化	电或流体复合加热技术	没有试验
	中国石油	电或流体加热技术	没有试验
辐射加热	劳伦斯-利弗莫尔国家实验室	LLNL的射频工艺	没有试验
	Phoenix Wyoming公司	Microwave技术	没有试验
	雷神公司	RF或CF技术	没有试验

技术名称	层位	倾角/ （°）	加热油页岩埋深/m	油页岩单层厚度/m	加热层段厚度/m	平均含油率/%	平均 ω（TOC）/%	有机质类型	水分/ %	黏土含量/ %
壳牌公司ICP	古近系绿河组	1~4	85~120	60~600	35.0	11.40	17.32	Ⅰ	1.24	14.0
吉林大学TS-A法	白垩系嫩江组	1~3	70	2~3	7.6	5.79	14.35	Ⅰ—Ⅱ₁	3.50	35.9~39.8
众诚公司原位燃烧法	白垩系青山口组	3~5	330	2~3	4.5	5.53	13.82	Ⅰ—Ⅱ₁	3.80	39.4~47.0

技术名称	加热时间	油页岩裂解温度/℃	单层厚度	含油率	试验井距/m	地层水	目前试验深度/m
壳牌公司ICP	慢	大于350	要求较高（大于20 m）	大于7%	5	隔离水层	300
吉林大学 TS-A法	快	大于350	无特殊要求，层位要连续，允许有薄的隔层	大于5%，适用于低含油率的油页岩层	5~25	远离水层	484
众诚公司原位燃烧法	快	大于350	无特殊要求，层位要连续，允许有薄的隔层	大于5%，适用于低含油率的油页岩层		远离水层	330

盆地	矿区	地质条件系数
盆地	矿区	含油率/ %	单层厚度/ m	油页岩油资源量/10⁴t	油页岩油资源丰度/（10⁴t/km²）	矿体埋深/ m	倾角/ （°）	矿体连续性	勘查程度	地表条件	交通和电力
准噶尔	三工河	10.23	15.00~30.00	498 110	4 353	0~500	25~45	强	探槽预查	山地	便利
	上黄山街	13.25	10.00~25.00	18 365	1 670	0~500	30~60	强	探槽预查	山地	便利
	芦草沟预测区	7.06	10.00~25.00	6 223	1 009	0~500	40~65	较强	预查	山地	便利
	芦草沟勘查区	7.06	10.00~25.00	631	1 002	0~500	40~65	较强	普查—详查	山地	便利
	妖魔山	7.00	1.40~17.00	1 867	808	0~590	60~80	较强	详查	山地	便利
	水磨沟	6.86	4.00~18.00	705	647	0~500	30~45	较强	普查—详查	低山丘陵	便利
	大东沟	5.48	8.00~15.00	5 135	815	0~500	50~60	强	探槽预查	山地	便利
鄂尔多斯	旬邑—宜君	6.58	16.20	164 260	215	0~1 000	5~10	较强	详查—预查	黄土塬	便利
鄂尔多斯	彬州	6.34	15.00	32 943	79	0~1 000	5~10	较强	详查—普查	黄土塬	便利
茂名	电白	6.85	42.34	16 759	794	0~500	4~5	强	普查—详查	丘陵	便利
	茂名	6.47	5.00~23.00	10 208	655	0~500	4~5	强	普查—详查	丘陵	便利
	茂名预测区	6.08	8.00~22.00	58 232	391	500~1 000	4~8	强	预查	丘陵	便利
	高州	5.62	8.00~22.00	14 854	362	0~500	4~5	强	普查—详查	丘陵	便利
抚顺	抚顺	7.00	65.00	21 412	535	0~750	8~70	连续稳定	勘探—开发	丘陵	便利
渤海湾	昌乐	6.00	15.37	2 507	470	200~850	5~20	较强	详查—普查	丘陵	便利

Selection evaluation of in-situ exploitation of oil shale in Sinopec exploration areas and adjacent areas

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