海上大井距高强度蒸汽吞吐开发规律及开发策略

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.01.015

Abstract

Abstract:

Offshore heavy oil resources are abundant, driving a strong demand for thermal recovery development. Over years of practice, steam stimulation has been successfully applied to thin layer heavy oil, edge and bottom water heavy oil, and extra heavy oil. Accurately understanding the flow characteristics and development patterns of steam stimulation in offshore heavy oil reservoirs with large well spacing is essential for designing, adjusting, optimizing, and enhancing production and efficiency in thermal recovery development plans. Precise evaluation of thermal recovery effectiveness and development status is also critical. The study focuses on the quantitative characterization of the actual thermal field distribution and the steam override phenomenon in the thermal fluid zone, aiming to accurately depict changes in the heating radius. It summarizes the patterns and development experiences related to production decline, validity period, production pressure difference, and associated gas in offshore steam stimulation with large well spacing. From this analysis, three decline stages and average decline rates of offshore steam stimulation are identified. Based on these findings, the study proposes a development strategy for large well spacing steam stimulation in offshore heavy oil reservoirs, using reservoir numerical simulation methods for prediction. The study recommends horizontal wells for steam injection, especially in edge water reservoirs, with well placement over 150 to 200 meters from the oil-containing boundary. High steam dryness and large-cycle injection rates are suggested to enhance formation heat utilization efficiency. It is also found that offshore large well spacing thermal recovery has an average effective period of 329 days, with a first-cycle average monthly decline rate of 13.5%. The optimal production pressure difference for wells ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 MPa. The results offer valuable insights for scaling up offshore heavy oil thermal recovery development.

Key words: offshore heavy oil reservoirs, steam stimulation, decline patterns, development patterns, development strategy

CLC Number:

TE357

LUO Xianbo,FENG Haichao,LIU Dong, et al. Development patterns and strategies for offshore high-intensity steam stimulation with large well spacing[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(1): 116-123.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 1

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Table 2

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

References 28

[1]	孙鹏霄, 刘英宪. 渤海稠油油藏开发现状及热采开发难点与对策[J]. 中国海上油气, 2023, 35(2): 85-92.
	SUN Pengxiao, LIU Yingxian. Development status and thermal development difficulties and strategy of Bohai heavy oil reservoirs[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2023, 35(2): 85-92.
[2]	苏彦春, 郑伟, 杨仁锋, 等. 海上稠油油田热采开发现状与展望[J]. 中国海上油气, 2023, 35(5): 100-106.
	SU Yanchun, ZHENG Wei, YANG Renfeng, et al. Current status and prospect of thermal recovery processes for offshore heavy oilfields[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2023, 35(5): 100-106.
[3]	孙永涛. 渤海稠油多元热流体开采机理研究及应用[D]. 青岛: 中国石油大学(华东), 2020.
	SUN Yongtao. Study and application of mechanism of multi-component thermal fluid technology for heavy oil in Bohai Oilfield[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum(East China), 2020.
[4]	马奎前, 刘东, 黄琴. 渤海旅大油田新近系稠油油藏水平井蒸汽驱油物理模拟实验[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(5): 152-161.
	MA Kuiqian, LIU Dong, HUANG Qin. Physical simulation experiment of steam flooding in horizontal wells of Neogene heavy oil reservoir in Lvda oilfield,Bohai Sea[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022, 34(5): 152-161.
[5]	刘东, 胡廷惠, 潘广明, 等. 海上稠油多元热流体与蒸汽吞吐开采效果对比[J]. 特种油气藏, 2015, 22(4): 118-120.
	LIU Dong, HU Tinghui, PAN Guangming, et al. Comparison of production results between multiple thermal fluid huff and puff and steam huff and puff in offshore application[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2015, 22(4): 118-120.
[6]	黄琴, 蔡晖, 桑丹, 等. 海上稠油油田水平井多轮蒸汽吞吐生产规律研究[J]. 非常规油气, 2023, 10(2): 73-79.
	HUANG Qin, CAI Hui, SANG Dan, et al. Study on development law of horizontal well multiple cyclic steam stimulation for offshore heavy oilfields[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2023, 10(2): 73-79.
[7]	朱琴, 刘东, 王树涛, 等. 海上稠油蒸汽吞吐开采技术实践及认识[J]. 录井工程, 2019, 30(1): 21-26.
	ZHU Qin, LIU Dong, WANG Shutao, et al. Practice and understandings of steam huff and puff recovery technology for offshore heavy oil[J]. Mud Logging Engineering, 2019, 30(1): 21-26.
[8]	张彩旗, 刘东, 潘广明, 等. 海上稠油多元热流体吞吐效果评价研究及应用[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2016, 6(2): 33-36.
	ZHANG Caiqi, LIU Dong, PAN Guangming, et al. Effect evaluation and its application of multi thermal fluids stimulation for offshore heavy oil reservoir[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2016, 6(2): 33-36.
[9]	张贤松, 谢晓庆, 李延杰, 等. 渤海油区稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐注采参数优化模型[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2016(5): 88-92.
	ZHANG Xiansong, XIE Xiaoqing, LI Yanjie, et al. Optimization model of injection-production parameters for steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoirs of Bohai petroliferous area[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2016(5): 88-92.
[10]	李萍, 刘志龙, 邹剑, 等. 渤海旅大27-2 油田蒸汽吞吐先导试验注采工程[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 242-247.
	LI Ping, LIU Zhilong, ZOU Jian, et al. Injection and production project of pilot test on steam huff-puff in oilfield LD27-2, Bohai Sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(2): 242-247.
[11]	崔传智, 郑文乾, 祝仰文, 等. 稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐后转化学驱极限井距的确定方法[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 46(1): 97-103.
	CUI Chuanzhi, ZHENG Wenqian, ZHU Yangwen, et al. Method for determining limit well spacing of chemical flooding after reservoir steam soak in heavy oil reservoir[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2022, 46(1): 97-103.
[12]	刘奇鹿. 薄互层超稠油油藏蒸汽驱技术研究与试验[J]. 特种油气藏, 2022, 29(6): 97-103.
	LIU Qilu. Study and test on steam flooding technology for thin interbedded ultra-heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2022, 29(6): 97-103.
[13]	赵长虹, 孙新革, 卢迎波, 等. 薄层超稠油驱泄复合开发蒸汽腔演变物理模拟实验[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(5): 161-168.
	ZHAO Changhong, SUN Xinge, LU Yingbo, et al. Physical simulation experiment of steam chamber evolution in compound development of thin-layer ultra-heavy oil flooding and drainage[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(5): 161-168.
[14]	宋传真, 曹丽丽, 曹立迎. 低渗稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐合理开发井距的确: 以叙利亚O油田为例[J]. 断块油气田, 2019, 26(2): 210-214.
	SONG Chuanzhen, CAO Lili, CAO Liying. Determination of reasonable well spacing for low-permeability heavy-oil reservoirs by steam huff and puff: Taking O Oilfield in Syria for example[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2019, 26(2): 210-214.
[15]	孙逢瑞. 稠油油藏过热蒸汽吞吐井筒-地层传热传质模型研究[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2020.
	SUN Fengrui. Study on the heat and mass transfer physics between wellbore and formation during the cyclic superheated steam stimulation process[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing), 2020.
[16]	孙焕泉, 刘慧卿, 王海涛, 等. 中国稠油热采开发技术与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(11): 1664-1674.
	SUN Huanquan, LIU Huiqing, WANG Haitao, et al. Development technology and direction of thermal recovery of heavy oil in China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(11): 1664-1674.
[17]	孙璐, 刘月田, 葛涛涛, 等. 低渗透稠油油藏水平井蒸汽吞吐开井阶段温度分布[J]. 断块油气田, 2016, 23(4): 509-513.
	SUN Lu, LIU Yuetian, GE Taotao, et al. Temperature distribution calculation for horizontal well with cyclic steam injection in low-permeability heavy-oil reservoir[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2016, 23(4): 509-513.
[18]	张义祥. 油滴在界面张力下的渗流——添加表面活性剂蒸汽吞吐微观渗流机理[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2010, 37(5): 614-617.
	ZHANG Yixiang. Infiltration of oil droplets under interfacial tension: Microscopic flow mechanism of steam stimulation by adding surfactants[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2010, 37(5): 614-617.
[19]	李葵英, 陈辉, 杨东明, 等. 边底水稠油油藏开发规律研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 30(3): 93-96.
	LI Kuiying, CHEN Hui, YANG Dongming, et al. Exploitative law research on heavy oil reservoir with edge and bottom water[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2008, 30(3): 93-96.
[20]	桑林翔, 吕柏林, 卢迎波, 等. 超稠油直井—水平井组合开发蒸汽腔演变规律研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(24): 10519-10525.
	SANG Linxiang, LYU Bolin, LU Yingbo, et al. Expansion law of steam cavity in ultra-heavy oil combined development of vertical well and horizontal well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(24): 10519-10525.
[21]	才业. 水淹稠油油藏火驱开发受效特征研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(5): 125-131.
	CAI Ye. Study on the response characteristics of fire flooding in water-flooded heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2020, 27(5): 125-131.
[22]	宫宇宁, 王宇豪, 朱舟元. 国外蒸汽泡沫驱矿场实施效果[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(1): 120-126.
	GONG Yuning, WANG Yuhao, ZHU Zhouyuan. Field application of steam foam flooding in foreign oilfields[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(1): 120-126.
[23]	费永涛, 刘宁, 丁勇, 等. 一种叠加汽窜影响的稠油剩余油潜力评价方法: 以井楼油田中区为例[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2020, 34(1): 79-83.
	FEI Yongtao, LIU Ning, DING Yong, et al. A method for evaluating residual oil potential of heavy oil reservoirs affected by steam channeling: By taking the middle area of jinglou oilfield as an example[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2020, 34(1): 79-83.
[24]	张风义, 刘小鸿, 廖辉, 等. 海上油田多元热流体吞吐气窜调剖实验研究及应用[J]. 石油与天然气化工, 2023, 52(3): 87-91.
	ZHANG Fengyi, LIU Xiaohong, LIAO Hui, et al. Experimental research and application of profile control for gas channeling caused by multi-thermal fluid stimulation in offshore oil field[J]. Chemical Engineering of Oil & Gas, 2023, 52(3): 87-91.
[25]	郑伟, 张利军, 朱国金, 等. 渤海L油田稠油水平井蒸汽吞吐开发效果分析[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2019, 33(4): 80-82.
	ZHENG Wei, ZHANG Lijun, ZHU Guojin, et al. Thermal recovery effect evaluation of cyclic steam stimulation of heavy oil horizontal wells in Bohai L oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2019, 33(4): 80-82.
[26]	杨戬, 李相方, 陈掌星, 等. 考虑稠油非牛顿性质的蒸汽吞吐产能预测模型[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(1): 84-90.
	YANG Jian, LI Xiangfang, CHEN Zhangxing, et al. A productivity prediction model for cyclic steam stimulation in consideration of non-Newtonian characteristics of heavy oil[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 84-90.
[27]	周鹰. 稠油重力泄水辅助蒸汽驱蒸汽超覆研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(4): 99-102.
	ZHOU Ying. Study on steam overlay in gravity drainage assisted steam flooding for heavy oil development[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25(4): 99-102.
[28]	赖令彬, 潘婷婷. 蒸汽驱注采井间蒸汽超覆评价方法研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2013, 20(2): 79-83.
	LAI Lingbin, PAN Tingting. Evaluation method of steam override between injector and producer in steam flooding[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2013, 20(2): 79-83.

井号	月递减率
井号	快速递减段	稳定递减段	平稳生产段
B1H	23.0	9.0	0.4
B2H	44.0	9.4	3.0
B4H	47.0	4.3	2.7
B5H	30.0	13.0	0.1
B8H	27.6	15.4	0.2
平均	34.3	10.2	1.3

蒸汽干度	注入热量/ 10¹² J	隔层吸收热量/ 10¹² J	顶底盖层吸收热量/ 10¹² J	产出热量/ 10¹² J	油层吸收热量/ 10¹² J	热利用率/ %
0.2	263.5	36.2	20.5	113.7	93.2	353.7
0.4	297.5	41.5	23.2	129.9	103.4	347.5
0.6	331.5	46.3	27.9	145.0	113.8	343.4
0.8	364.6	51.8	29.2	162.3	123.8	339.6
0.9	381.5	54.2	30.7	170.3	128.7	337.4

Development patterns and strategies for offshore high-intensity steam stimulation with large well spacing

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 28

Related Articles 3

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	CHENG Keyang,QI Zhilin,TIAN Jie,YAN Wende,HUANG Xiaoliang,HUANG Shiwen. Change law of reservoir property during multi-cycle steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir: A case study of HJ Oilfield [J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2022, 12(5): 816-824.
[2]	YANG Shengzhen,LIU Dongdong,PU Wanfen,ZHU Qiubo,YANG Yang. Physical simulation of output rule for carbon monoxide in cyclic steam stimulation process of Hongshan heavy oil reservoir [J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(5): 103-107.
[3]	WU Yuyuan,CHEN Zhenlong. Challenges and countermeasures for exploration and development of deep CBM of South Yanchuan [J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2020, 10(4): 1-11.