湖南长沙盆地中深层地热地质特征及资源潜力评价

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.05.019

Abstract

Abstract:

Hunan Province has relatively scarce primary energy resources. As an alternative energy source, geothermal energy is significant for optimizing the energy structure and promoting sustainable development. Historically, geothermal exploration in Hunan Province has primarily focused on uplifted mountain-type hydrothermal resources, with insufficient attention on hydrothermal resources in sedimentary basins. In recent years, Changsha Basin has demonstrated promising geothermal resource potential. However, its geological characteristics, formation mechanisms, and reserve scale remain inadequately understood. Based on previous research findings and drilling data, this study systematically analyzed key geological elements of the geothermal system in the Changsha Basin, including heat source, reservoir, caprock, and conduit. A geothermal genesis model was constructed. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulation was used to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the geothermal resource potential. The results indicated that the primary heat source for the medium-deep geothermal resources in the Changsha Basin was mantle-derived conductive heat, resulting from mantle material uplift under an extensional tectonic regime. The geothermal reservoir mainly consisted of Upper Paleozoic carbonate rocks, with a relatively closed groundwater environment and prolonged water-rock interaction. The thickness of the caprock and the structural configuration of the basin interior influenced the geothermal field distribution. Regional faults and the development of pores and fractures provided good thermal conduction pathways. The average geothermal resource in the Changsha Basin was 9.85×10⁸ GJ, equivalent to 0.34×10⁸ t of standard coal, which could meet the heating demand for approximately 176.68×10⁸ m² of building area. Overall, the geothermal resources in this region are economically viable for development, with good social, economic, and environmental benefits. These findings can provide a reference for the exploration and development of medium-deep geothermal resources in the Changsha Basin, as well as for the evaluation of sedimentary basin-type geothermal resources in Hunan Province.

Key words: geothermal genesis model, sedimentary basin type, geothermal resource evaluation, Monte Carlo simulation, Changsha Basin

CLC Number:

TE01

ZHU Zhaoqun,WU Fuzhu,BIAN Kai, et al. Geological characteristics and potential evaluation of medium-deep geothermal resources in Changsha Basin, Hunan Province[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(5): 900-911.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Hydrochemical analysis data of Upper Paleozoic carbonate reservoir in geothermal well DR01， Changsha Basin"

分析项目		质量分数/(mg/L)	分析项目		质量分数/(mg/L)	分析项目		质量分数/(mg/L)
阳离子	K⁺	13.20	阳离子	Cl^-	159.41	其他	总碱度	272.97
	Na⁺	54.00		$S O 4 2 -$	5.00		总硬度	354.18
	Ca²⁺	89.54		$H C O 3 -$	332.86		pH 值	8.01
	Mg²⁺	31.74		$C O 3 2 -$	6.13		偏硅酸	32.18
	$N H 4 +$	1.00		$H O 3 -$	0.20		溶解性总固体	551.00

Table 1

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 2

Fig.7

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.8

Fig.9

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评价参数	参数分布及取值依据		评价参数			评价参数	参数分布及取值依据
水密度ρ_w/（kg/m³）			水比热容c_w/（J/kg·℃）			热储密度ρ_r/（kg/m³）
最小值=983，中间值=994，最大值=1 000 主要依据：相关规范标准及测试结果			最小值=4 177，最大值=4 185 主要依据：相关规范标准及测试结果			μ=2 870，σ=10 主要依据：相关规范标准及测试结果
热储比热容c_r/（J/kg·℃）			热储孔隙度φ/%			弹性释水系数S/10^-3
μ=570，σ=20 主要依据：相关规范标准及测试结果			最小值=0.2，中间值=0.5，最大值=1.2 主要依据：区域地质资料及钻探情况			最小值=1，最大值=5 主要依据：区域水文测验资料
评价参数	参数分布及取值依据			评价参数	参数分布及取值依据
评价参数	湘湖渔场评价区	大托铺评价区		评价参数	湘湖渔场评价区		大托铺评价区
热储面积A/km²				热储厚度d/m
A=12.0 A=68 主要依据：地质推断结合部分钻孔和物探资料				μ=200，σ=10 μ=200，σ=20 主要依据：钻孔测温资料和部分物探资料
热储温度T_r/℃				水头高度H/m
最小值=27，中间值=30，最大值=35；最小值=54，中间值=57，最大值=61 主要依据：钻孔测温资料				最小值=150，最大值=1 000；最小值=450，最大值=1 200 主要依据：区域水文测验结果

统计参数	总地热储量/10¹⁶ J	岩石热储量/10¹⁶ J	流体热储量/10¹⁵ J	流体储存量/10⁷ m³	静态储存量/10⁷ m³	弹性储存量/10⁷ m³
中位数	5.40	5.20	1.87	3.37	1.46	1.79
均值	5.46	5.26	2.01	3.59	1.52	2.07
标准差	0.78	0.76	0.80	1.34	0.51	1.24
最小值	2.92	2.78	0.37	0.77	0.45	0.18
最大值	9.58	9.23	6.04	8.72	3.30	5.97
2.5%分布值	4.10	3.94	0.83	1.55	0.68	0.40
97.5%分布值	7.09	6.83	3.84	6.60	2.59	4.39

统计参数	总地热储量/10¹⁸ J	岩石热储量/10¹⁸ J	流体热储量/10¹⁶ J	流体储存量/10⁸ m³	静态储存量/10⁸ m³	弹性储存量/10⁸ m³
中位数	0.92	0.88	4.05	2.44	0.82	1.56
均值	0.93	0.89	4.24	2.54	0.86	1.68
标准差	0.11	0.11	1.44	0.86	0.30	0.80
最小值	0.50	0.48	1.04	0.65	0.21	0.31
最大值	1.51	1.43	9.62	5.68	2.09	4.08
2.5%分布值	0.73	0.69	1.95	1.18	0.38	0.50
97.5%分布值	1.15	1.11	7.38	4.40	1.51	3.46

Geological characteristics and potential evaluation of medium-deep geothermal resources in Changsha Basin, Hunan Province

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