储层条件下CO2-水岩反应对砂岩储层地化性质影响研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Most oilfields currently using CO₂ flooding in China have transitioned from water flooding to CO₂ injection for development. Over prolonged periods, CO₂-water-rock reactions can alter reservoir physical properties, becoming a key issue that must be addressed. To address limitations in existing studies—such as short reaction durations and unclear effects of environmental variables—this research used a high-temperature, high-pressure reactor to simulate reservoir conditions. Advanced equipment, including high-performance field-emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, was utilized to study the effects and mechanisms of CO₂-water-rock reactions on reservoir physical properties and mineral compositions under different environmental variables. The experimental results indicated that feldspar dissolution and clay mineral formation were the primary factors affecting reservoir physical properties after CO₂-water-rock reactions. With increasing temperature, the water-rock reaction intensified, accelerating the dissolution of potassium feldspar, calcium feldspar, and sodium feldspar while increasing the proportion of kaolinite, thereby improving reservoir physical properties. When pressure increased, the dissolution of large amounts of CO₂ lowered the solution pH and inhibited the transformation of minerals such as potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar into clay minerals like kaolinite, causing deterioration in overall reservoir physical properties. As the reaction time increased, the dissolution of feldspar and carbonate minerals intensified, leading to increased mass concentrations of major ions such as Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, an improvement in reservoir physical properties, and the precipitation of gypsum. Within the experimental range, the degree of mineral dissolution caused by CO₂-water-rock reactions exhibited a positive correlation with temperature and time but a negative correlation with injection pressure. Finally, the experimental results were calculated using the Kozeny-Carman equation, indicating that within the experimental range, reservoir porosity and permeability are positively correlated with temperature and time, and negatively correlated with CO₂ injection pressure. By studying the impact of CO₂-water-rock reactions on reservoirs under different environmental variables, this study offers insights for the application of CO₂ flooding to enhance oil recovery (EOR) in shale oil reservoirs.

Key words: CCUS-EOR, CO₂ flooding, water-rock reaction, geochemical properties, pore-throat alteration

CLC Number:

TE343

ZHANG Chao,ZHU Pengyu,HUANG Tianjing, et al. Study on the influence of CO₂-water-rock reactions under reservoir conditions on geochemical properties of sandstone reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(4): 545-553.

Figures/Tables 23

Fig.1

Table 1

Ion mass concentrations of formation water"

层位	离子质量浓度/（mg/L）								总矿化度/（mg/L）	水型
层位	K⁺Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Ba²⁺	Cl^-	HCO $3 -$	SO $4 2 -$	CO $3 2 -$	总矿化度/（mg/L）	水型
长8	14 700	2 090	236	489	27 100	0	515	0	45 130	CaCl₂

Table 1

Fig.2

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.3

Table 5

Fig.4

Table 6

Table 7

Table 8

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 9

Table 10

Table 11

Fig.8

Table 12

Table 13

Table 14

Table 15

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岩心编号	直径/cm	长度/cm	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3 μm²
A6	2.51	4.38	9.35	0.183
B6	2.50	5.02	8.83	0.083
B7	2.51	4.94	8.86	0.053

岩心编号	岩心片编号	岩心片厚度/cm	岩心粉末编号	岩心粉末重量/g
A6	a6		A6-1	15.1
		0.48	A6-2	14.8
			A6-3	15.2
B6	b6		B6-1	14.7
		0.52	B6-2	14.9
			B6-3	15.2
B7	b7		B7-1	15.1
		0.49	B7-2	15.1
			B7-3	15.3

岩心片编号	岩心粉末编号	实验温度/℃	实验压力/MPa	反应时间/d
a6	A6-1	60	15	14
	A6-2	75	15	14
	A6-3	85	15	14
b6	B6-1	85	15	14
	B6-2	85	20	14
	B6-3	85	25	14
b7	B7-1	85	25	14
	B7-2	85	25	21
	B7-3	85	25	28

样品编号	实验温度/℃	主要离子质量浓度/（mg/L）
样品编号	实验温度/℃	Na⁺	K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Ba²⁺
A6-1	60	36 861	4 556	4 058	249	1 389.90
A6-2	75	34 942	4 837	4 137	251	1 491.42
A6-3	85	37 715	4 983	4 161	253	1 560.78

样品编号	实验温度/℃	主要矿物组分占比
样品编号	实验温度/℃	黏土矿物	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	白云石	石盐
原始样		8.8	24.6	26.1	40.0	0.5	0	0
A6-1	60	7.5	18.3	25.6	46.8	0.3	1.6	1.3
A6-2	75	8.9	16.5	3.1	68.8	0.2	0	2.2
A6-3	80	10.5	26.4	15.2	43.1	0	0.3	3.4

Study on the influence of CO₂-water-rock reactions under reservoir conditions on geochemical properties of sandstone reservoirs

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样品编号	实验温度/℃	主要黏土矿物组分
样品编号	实验温度/℃	高岭石	绿泥石	伊利石	伊/蒙间层	伊/蒙间层比
原始样品		19.9	74.6	3.7	1.8	10
A6-1	60	23.1	71.3	3.2	2.4	10
A6-2	75	27.6	67.0	3.7	1.7	10
A6-3	80	33.7	59.7	4.6	2.0	10

样品编号	实验时间/d	主要离子质量浓度/（mg/L）
样品编号	实验时间/d	Na⁺	K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Ba²⁺
B7-1	14	31 943.46	4 264.80	4 057.20	253.76	1 389.92
B7-2	21	36 811.90	4 533.80	4 455.20	268.54	1 556.60
B7-3	28	40 970.34	5 463.88	4 606.44	279.82	1 673.44

反应矿物	密度	反应矿物	密度
石英	2.65	石盐	2.16
钾长石	2.54	高岭石	2.63
斜长石	2.76	绿泥石	3.30
方解石	5.61	伊利石	2.90
白云石	2.80	石膏	2.32

样品编号	实验温度/℃	实验压力/MPa	实验时间/d	计算孔隙度/%	计算渗透率/10^-3 μm²
A6-1	60	15	14	0.071	0.110
A6-2	70	15	14	0.110	0.286
A6-3	80	15	14	0.114	0.314
B6-1	85	15	14	0.347	2.416
B6-2	85	20	14	0.232	0.777
B6-3	85	25	14	0.188	0.459
B7-1	85	25	14	0.141	0.142
B7-2	85	25	21	0.166	0.210
B7-3	85	25	28	0.180	0.246

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样品编号	实验压力/MPa	主要离子质量浓度/（mg/L）
样品编号	实验压力/MPa	Na⁺	K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Ba²⁺
B6-1	15	41 591.12	5 388.78	4 063.28	260.28	1 517.92
B6-2	20	36 208.56	4 901.88	4 184.66	268.26	1 523.74
B6-3	25	35 679.02	3 800.12	4 474.04	262.24	1 472.08

样品编号	实验时间/d	主要矿物组分
样品编号	实验时间/d	黏土矿物	石膏	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	白云石	石盐
原始样		13.2	0	36.1	6.7	41.6	2.4	0	0
B7-1	14	10.5	0	21.3	14.4	49.4	0.3	0	0.9
B7-2	21	11.5	1.2	24.5	9.5	48.1	0.7	0	3.9
B7-3	28	12.7	1.2	24.7	10.8	48.4	1.0	0	3.2

样品编号	实验时间/d	主要黏土矿物组分
样品编号	实验时间/d	高岭石	绿泥石	伊利石	伊/蒙间层	伊/蒙间层比
原始样品		34.1	61.4	3.3	1.2	10
B7-1	14	21.2	74.0	2.9	1.9	10
B7-2	21	23.7	71.6	2.5	2.2	10
B7-3	28	27.5	67.5	3.5	1.5	10

Study on the influence of CO2-water-rock reactions under reservoir conditions on geochemical properties of sandstone reservoirs

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Study on the influence of CO₂-water-rock reactions under reservoir conditions on geochemical properties of sandstone reservoirs