碳酸盐岩储气库多孔介质中多组分体系扩散规律研究

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Currently, the international geopolitical landscape is complex and volatile, with energy supply chains facing significant uncertainties. Gas storage, as a crucial component of the national energy reserve system, can effectively mitigate risks from fluctuations in international natural gas market prices and supply disruptions, ensuring stable gas supply for residential and industrial use, thereby serving as a robust safeguard for national energy security. For the safe and efficient operation of gas storage under multi-component, multi-cycle injection, and production conditions, accurately understanding the diffusion and flow patterns of mixed gases—working gas and cushion gas—in gas storage is essential. However, experimental studies on gas diffusion mainly focus on shale, coal, and tight formations, leaving the diffusion patterns of multi-component gases in carbonate reservoirs poorly understood. In this study, carbonate rock samples from the Upper Carboniferous Huanglong Formation (upper member) of the Wolonghe gasfield were examined, and the distribution of pore-throat radius were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance and high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments. Diffusion experiments were conducted on gas mixtures containing CH₄ with CO₂, N₂, and O₂. Through comparative analysis of fitting results, the optimal mathematical model for gas diffusion coefficients applicable to multiscale carbonate reservoirs was selected. The results showed that the carbonate rock samples exhibited pronounced distribution characteristics of multi-scale pore structure. Under identical temperature and pressure conditions, higher porosity and permeability led to larger diffusion coefficients for all gas components. Moreover, the binary diffusion coefficient of the CH₄-CO₂ pair exceeded that of the N₂-CO₂ pair. In a multi-component system, O₂ exhibited the largest diffusion coefficient, followed by CH₄, while N₂ and CO₂ had the smallest diffusion coefficients. The presence of O₂ affected how the diffusion coefficients of CH₄ and N₂ responded to changes in the volumetric fractions of CO₂ and N₂. The mathematical model optimized using experimental data can be extended to predict diffusion coefficients under different temperature and pressure conditions. These findings provide experimental and computational methods for accurately predicting the patterns of gas storage operations and designing rational operational strategies.

Key words: carbonate rock, diffusion coefficient, multi-component, diffusion experiment, mathematical model

CLC Number:

TE133

ZHANG Ruihan,HU Bo,PENG Xian, et al. Study on diffusion patterns of multi-component systems in porous media of carbonate gas storage[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(4): 564-570.

Figures/Tables 12

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年份	模型名	基本原理	特点
2012	ZHENG Qian模型	分形理论、菲克定律	当体孔隙度小于0.7时，模型与实验数据结果相符，如果多孔介质中的孔隙连接非常复杂，模型可能不太适用
2017	XU Peng模型	毛细管束模型、分形理论、菲克定律	可用于估计多尺度多孔介质的气体扩散系数，但在处理纳米多孔介质中的扩散时存在一定的局限性
2017	徐鹏模型	毛细管束模型、分形理论、菲克定律	模型中不涉及经验常数，对深化多尺度多孔介质的气体输运机理具有重要意义
2019	牟新竹模型	毛细管束模型、分形理论、菲克定律	能够相对准确地预测各向同性均质多孔介质中的气体有效扩散系数
2021	张舒模型	Millington and Quirk模型	使用Millington and quirk模型对不同气体扩散类型的基本理论公式进行修正

Study on diffusion patterns of multi-component systems in porous media of carbonate gas storage

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