湖北宜昌深层山地页岩气地质力学研究及应用

Abstract

Abstract:

Deep mountain shale gas play in Yichang, Hubei Province is located in the northern margin of Jianghan Basin in Mid-Yangtze area and has the characteristics of shale gas in Longmaxi formation such as large buried depth, complex geological condition, and large horizontal stress difference. The study of geomechanics is helpful to deepen the understanding of the influence of complex structure, fault and natural fracture system on in-situ stress field, providing basic data for wellbore stability analysis, drilling risk prediction, fracturing design optimization and post-fracturing evaluation of shale gas horizontal wells. The establishment of 3D geomechanical model depends on fine structural interpretation, shale gas geology and multi-scale natural fracture model. Therefore, one for the whole area and development platform is established. The platform scale model has more fine resolution. It can accurately depict the ground stress field around the wells and provides better service for the optimization design of drilling and fracturing. The results show that the stress mechanism in Yichang exploration area is mainly extrusion strike-slip type, the horizontal two-direction stress difference is larger than that in shale gas area of Sichuan Basin, and the risk of natural fracture activation is greater. Meanwhile, the safe window of drilling fluid is narrow and the stability of wellbore is poor. The graded fracturing of horizontal wells is affected by the large horizontal stress difference and the high risk of natural fracture activation, so the hydraulic fracture pattern is relatively simple. Based on the platform model, the 4D geomechanical simulation after fracturing is carried out, and the change of in-situ stress field after pressure is analyzed. It is showed that the minimum principal stress around the fracture net after fracturing increases significantly, the stress mechanism transitions to the reverse impulse type, and the influence range of stress shadow is 20 ~ 40 m. Making full use of geomechanical results plays an important role in improving the efficiency and development benefit of drilling engineering. This study is the first time in China to establish a fine 3D geomechanical model for the deep mountain shale gas in the complex structural area outside the Sichuan Basin. The research results have important demonstration guidance and reference significance for the large-scale development of shale gas in deep layer.

Key words: shale gas in deep layer, mountainous shale gas, geomechanics, geological-engineering integration, pore pressure, stress shadow, mud weight window, Yichang area

CLC Number:

TE37

LIANG Xing,ZHANG Chao,ZHANG Pengwei,ZHANG Lei,WANG Gaocheng,PAN Yuanwei,ZHAO Chunduan,ZHANG Jiehui,WANG Weixu,QIU Kaibin. Research and application of geomechanics of shale gas in deep mountain of Yichang, Hubei[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2019, 9(5): 20-31.

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References 26

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深层页岩气区块	平均埋深/ m	平均厚度/m	TOC/ %	杨氏模量/ GPa	泊松比	脆性指数/ %	水平两向应力差/MPa	闭合应力梯度/ （kPa·m^-1）
Eagle Ford	3 600	121	1.5~5.5	20~35	0.12~0.21	35~70		21.0
Haynesville	3 658	76	3~5	13.78	0.27	35~55	4	22.6
Cana Woodford	4 115	61	6~12	34.45	0.18	55~75	5.7	21.5
宜昌远安	3 500~4 200	20~38	3.3~6	37~41	0.26	50~75	25~35	18.5~20.5

裂缝等级	蚂蚁体属性值	地质特征	尺度
1	>-0.1	断层	宏观尺度
2	-0.1~-0.45	断层	宏观尺度
3	-0.45~-0.7	裂缝带、小断层	细观尺度
4	<-0.7	微裂缝	微观尺度

类型	漏失压力梯度—ECD/ （g·cm^-3）	杨氏模量/ GPa	平均漏速/（m³·h^-1）	等效裂缝开度/mm	建议堵漏材料
Ⅰ—缓慢型漏失	>0.2	>41	<5	<0.6	颗粒型堵漏剂。考虑颗粒级配：混合的颗粒粒径中有一定比例大于裂缝开度,提高封堵性。D90>裂缝开度效果较好（D90表示小于某颗粒粒径的质量占的百分数）
Ⅱ—快速型漏失	0.2~0.02	29~41	5~40	0.6~2	纤维堵漏材料。表面活性剂。添加固体颗粒。纤维浓度：不超过11.4 kg/m³
Ⅲ—超快速型漏失	<0.02	<29	>40	>2	触变式水泥。控制井具振动、井下温度、压力

Research and application of geomechanics of shale gas in deep mountain of Yichang, Hubei

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